版2019版高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)單元檢測卷5Unit5NelsonMandela新人教版必修.doc

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela .閱讀理解A(狀元橋改編)A young woman sits alone in a caf sipping tea and reading a book. She pauses briefly to write in a nearby notepad before showing her words to a passing worker：“Where are the toilets please？” This is a familiar scene in Tokyos socalled “silent cafs”， where customers are not allowed to speak, and only communicate by writing in notepads.The concept rises by a desire to be alone among young Japanese, a situation brought by economic uncertainty, a shift in traditional family support structures and the growing social isolation. The phenomenon is not confined to coffee shops but covers everything from silent discos, where participants dance alone wearing wireless headphones connected to the DJ, to products such as small desk tents designed for conversationfree privacy in the office. At the most unusual end of the spectrum(觀點(diǎn)), one Kyoto company offers single women the opportunity to have a “one woman wedding”a full bridal affair, complete with white dress and ceremonies and the only thing missing being the groom. The trend has its own media expression“_botchizoku_”， referring to individuals who consciously choose to do things completely on their own.One recent weekday afternoon, Chihiro Higashikokubaru, a 23yearold nurse, travelled 90 minutes from her home to Tokyo on her day off in order to enjoy some solo time. Speaking quietly at the entrance of the caf， Miss Higashikokubaru said: “I heard about this place in magazines, and I like coming here. I work as a nurse and its always very busy. There are very few quiet places in Tokyo. Its a busy big city. I just want to come and sit somewhere quietly on my own. Im going to drink a cup of tea and maybe do some drawings. I like the idea of a quiet, calm atmosphere, and its difficult to find.”The desire to be solitary is not a new concept in Japan, a nation home to an estimated36 million “hikikomori”a more extreme example of social recluses(隱士) who withdraw completely from society.語篇導(dǎo)讀本文為說明文，主要介紹了風(fēng)靡日本的“沉默”咖啡館以及逐漸盛行起來的“沉默”文化。1What can we know about the “silent cafs” according to the first paragraph?AIt provides all kinds of tea and books.BIt is a traditional caf.CIt is popular among young Japanese.DIt offers service by writing not by speaking.解析 D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，通過便條簿，顧客與服務(wù)員進(jìn)行溝通，同時(shí)服務(wù)員通過手寫提供服務(wù)，故選D項(xiàng)。2The word “botchizoku” in Paragraph 2 refers to _.Aa media expression on the InternetBa concept to be alone in JapanCsome persons that do their things by themselvesDsome persons that like reading in the cafs解析 C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，botchizoku指的是那些喜歡獨(dú)自做事的人，故選C項(xiàng)。3It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that Higashikokubaru _.Ais a nurseBdoesnt live in TokyoCloves the idea and enjoys her time thereDoften spends her weekends in the cafs解析 C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句中的I like coming here以及該段最后一句I like the idea可知，東國原千尋小姐喜歡這種理念并且享受在這里的時(shí)光，故選C項(xiàng)。4Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage?ASilent cafs BLonely JapaneseCHappy weekends DPeaceful places解析 A標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要介紹了日本的“沉默”咖啡館以及由此延伸出的日本特殊文化現(xiàn)象，故選A項(xiàng)。B(2018哈爾濱六中高三10月段考)Search engines like Google make people think they are smarter than they actually are because they have the worlds knowledge at their fingertips, psychologists at Yale University have found. Surfing the Internet for information gives people a widely inaccurate view of their own intelligence and could lead to overconfidence when making decisions, experts warn.Experiments found that people who had searched on the Internet believed they were far more knowledgeable about a subject than those who had learned by normal routes, such as reading a book. “The Internet is such a powerful environment, where you can enter any question, and you can easily get the worlds knowledge at your fingertips.” said Matthew Fisher, a psychology professor at Yale University. “But it becomes easier to confuse your own knowledge with this source. When people are truly on their own, they would easily get more wrong answers.”More than 1,000 students took part in a range of experiments aimed at studying the psychological impact of searching on the Internet. In one test, the Internet group were given a website link which gave the answer to the question “how does a zip work？” while a control group were given a printout of the same information. When the two groups were tested later on an unrelated question“why are cloudy nights warmer？” the group who had searched online believed they were more knowledgeable even though they were not allowed to look up the correct answer.“We also believe that the wrong sense of personal knowledge also could be _perilous_ in some areas when people make decisions; in case where decisions have great influence such as important business trade, it may cause millions of losses and even bankruptcy of a company.” Mr Fisher added.The Internet is a big benefit in many ways, but there may be some disadvantages that arent immediately obvious and this may be one of them. “Right personal knowledge is difficult to achieve, and the Internet may be making that task even harder.”語篇導(dǎo)讀本文為議論文。耶魯大學(xué)的心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，谷歌或雅虎等搜索引擎容易讓人對自己的聰明程度自視過高，因?yàn)槿藗冎灰p觸指尖，就能獲取全世界的知識。5According to Matthew Fisher, _.Apeople should keep away from the InternetBthe Internet should concentrate on expertiseCthe Internet has more benefits than disadvantagesDpeople shouldnt rely too much on the Internet解析 D推理判斷題。 根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，耶魯大學(xué)心理學(xué)教授馬修費(fèi)舍爾認(rèn)為：這樣做很容易混淆自己的知識來源。當(dāng)人們真正靠自己時(shí)，他們很可能會(huì)得到更多錯(cuò)誤的答案，故選D項(xiàng)。6Researchers did the experiment through the way of _.Adiscussion Bassumption(猜測)Cobservation Dcomparison解析 D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知，這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)置了一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)組和一個(gè)控制對照組，通過將兩個(gè)小組實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比，從而得出實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)論，故選D項(xiàng)。7The underlined word “perilous” most probably means _.Aridiculous Bdangerous Cbeneficial Dnormal解析 B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段可知，人們對于自己的知識的錯(cuò)誤判斷會(huì)使得其在某些領(lǐng)域造成巨大損失，所以畫線處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)表示消極態(tài)度的詞。ridiculous可笑的；dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；beneficial有益的；normal普通的，平常的，故選B項(xiàng)。8What is the main idea of the passage?APeople widely use the Internet.BThe Internet has many advantages.CThe Internet makes people overconfident.DMore experiments have been done on the Internet.解析 C主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句以及第二段最后一句可知，上網(wǎng)瀏覽網(wǎng)頁會(huì)讓人們過分地自信，而當(dāng)他們獨(dú)立來處理這些問題時(shí)，他們在大多數(shù)情況下會(huì)出錯(cuò)，故選C項(xiàng)。.語法填空(2018湖北重點(diǎn)中學(xué)新高三起點(diǎn))Qian Zhongshu was 1_a_ Chinese scholar and writer, 2known (know) for his wit and erudition(博學(xué))Despite failing in mathematics, Qian was accepted 3into the Department of Foreign Languages of Tsinghua University in 1929 because of his excellent 4performance (perform) in Chinese and English languages. In Tsinghua, he met his wife Yang Jiang, who was 5to become (become) a successful playwright and translator, and 6married (marry) her in 1935. In the same year, Qian received government sponsorship to further his studies abroad. Together with his wife, Qian headed for the University of Oxford in Britain. After 7spending (spend) two years at Exeter College, he received a Bachelor of Literature. He then studied for one more year in the University of Paris in France before returning to China in 1938. Qian lived in Shanghai from 1941 to 1945, which was then under Japanese 8occupation (occupy). Many of his works were written or published during this period of time. A collection of short 9essays (essay), Written in the Margins of Life, 10was_published (publish) in 1941 His most celebrated work Fortress Besieged appeared in 1947. On the Art of Poetry, written in classical Chinese, was published in 1948.語篇導(dǎo)讀本文為記敘文，講述了錢鐘書先生的故事。1a解析 考查冠詞。此處表示泛指，指學(xué)者兼作家，且Chinese的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故填a。2known解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。be known for sth以某事知名，以某物聞名。3into解析 考查介詞。accept sb into接納/錄取某人進(jìn)入，為固定搭配。 4performance解析 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。由空前的his excellent可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞作介詞of的賓語。5to become解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“她即將成為一位成功的劇作家兼翻譯家”，結(jié)合空前的was可知，此處應(yīng)用不定式表示將來。6married解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞marry與上文中的met之間是并列關(guān)系，且由時(shí)間狀語in 1935可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。7spending解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。由空前的介詞After可知，空處應(yīng)填v.ing形式作賓語。8occupation解析 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前的介詞under和形容詞Japanese可知，空處應(yīng)用名詞。under occupation被占領(lǐng)。9essays解析 考查名詞的數(shù)。a collection of一系列(一批，一堆)，故此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式。10was published解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。此處表示W(wǎng)ritten in the Margins of Life于1941年出版，publish與其主語之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)形式；由時(shí)間狀語in 1941可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。.短文改錯(cuò)John, a heavy smoker, once felt . His hands started shaking and he a lot, so he turned to his doctor for help. “Quit smoking，” the doctor advised. the advice reasonable from several points, such as money and ， John decided to give up smoking. ， for several hours without a cigarette, John was nervous and had a difficulty concentrating, which made him hungrier for a cigarette. He said to himself, “One more, I will quit it tomorrow. Tomorrow will be a suitable day for me to break from the bad habit” Then he picked up a cigarette made him relaxed. Again and again John made up his mind to it “tomorrow” 解析 badtempered脾氣不好的。 解析 動(dòng)詞cough與started并列，故用一般過去時(shí)。 解析 find和邏輯主語John之間是主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語。 解析 such as后的內(nèi)容是并列關(guān)系，故用healthy的名詞形式，與money保持一致。 解析 上文說到約翰決定戒煙，下文說幾個(gè)小時(shí)不抽煙，約翰感到不安、注意力無法集中。所以兩句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 解析 have diff