新概念英語第二冊第六課學習筆記

Lesson 6 Percy Buttons 珀西.巴頓【New words and expressions】生詞和短語（4）beggar n. 乞丐氣 food n. 食物pocket n. 衣服口袋 call v. 拜訪，光顧beggar n. 乞丐 beg v.乞求 I beg your pardon?beg for 乞求得到 ask for 請求得到（ask sb. for sth. 向某人索要某物）food n. 食物（不可數(shù)） a lot of foodpocket n. 衣服口袋inner pocket 內口袋；jacket pocket 夾克的口袋；coat pocket 大衣口袋pocket book 袖珍書；pocket dictionary 袖珍詞典pocket pick 車上的小偷 pocket money (小孩的)零花錢change零錢 get exact gzkt 確切的,精確的change 準備好正確的零花錢 beer money (男人的)零花錢call v. 拜訪, 光顧 vt.&vi.叫，喊 I heard someone calling. call out =shout 大聲喊 vt. 呼喚，召喚 Lucy is sick生病. Please call a doctor. vi. 訪問，拜訪；（車、船等）停靠 Amy called (at our house) yesterday.The train calls at large stations only. 這列火車只停大站。call on sb. 拜訪某人 I will call on you. 我要去你家。call at+地點visit someplace 拜訪某地I will call at your home. 我要去你家。 vt.&vi. 打電話call sb =call up sb. 給某人打電話 call back 回某人電話Can you take a message for me? =Can you tell him to call back?call in sb. 招集和邀請某人For the project計劃;規(guī)劃, the government called in a lot of experts. expert 專家;能手【Text】I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. I gave him a meal. He ate the food and drank the beer. Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. Later a neighbour told me about him. Everybody knows him. His name is Percy Buttons. He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.參考譯文：我剛剛搬進了大橋街的一所房子. 昨天一個乞丐來敲我的門, 問我要一頓飯和一杯啤酒. 作為回報, 那乞丐頭頂?shù)氐沽⑵饋? 嘴里還唱著歌. 我給了他一頓飯. 他把食物吃完, 又喝了酒. 然后把一塊乳酪裝進衣袋里走了. 后來, 一位鄰居告訴了我他的情況. 大家都認識他, 他叫珀西.巴頓斯. 他每月對這條街上的每戶人家光顧一次, 總是請求給他一頓飯和一杯啤酒.【課文講解】1、Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door.knock v. 敲門 vi. 敲門 I knocked, but no one answered.knock at 敲（門、窗等） knock at the door；knock at the window vt.&vi. 碰撞You always knock things off the table. 你總是碰掉桌上的東西。Jim was knocked over by a bus this morning. 今天上午吉姆被一輛公共汽車撞倒了。She has knocked a cup over again. 她又碰倒了一個杯子。 vt. 把（某人）打成狀態(tài)He knocked Tom out yesterday. 他昨天把湯姆打昏過去了。 與 off連用時有一些特殊含義，一般用于口語vt. （價格上）減去，除去，打折扣They knocked five dollars off the price of the coat.The shop assistant knocked 10% off the bill.（He reduced the price by 10%.）vi. 下班，停止，中斷（工作等）When do you usually knock off? 你一般什么時候下班？He knocked off for lunch at half past eleven.他十一點半休息吃中午飯。2、He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer.ask (sb.) for sth =request for sth. 問某人要什么東西（for 為了這個目的去請求某人, sb.更多的時候不出現(xiàn), ask for sth.）The boy asked (his parents)for money again/once more.3、In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs.in return for this 作為對的回報，作為交換（this 在代詞當中常常指代上文的一件事情）Ill buy a present for him in return for hospitality. （hospitality adj. 熱情）in return 作為回報 You lent me this interesting book last month. In return (for it), Ill show you some picture books.In return for your help, I invite you to spend the weekend with my family.He doesnt want anything in return. 他不想得到任何回報stood on his head 倒立stand on ones hands 用手著地(hand單數(shù)就是一只手, 雙手復數(shù))stand on ones knees 跪著, 膝蓋 lie on ones back 仰面躺著 lie on ones side 側躺 lie on ones stomach stmk 胃、肚子趴著4、Later a neighbour told me about him.介詞about 可以和一些動詞連用，以表示“關于（的）”、“涉及（的）?！?Please tell me about the accident ksdnt 事故;災禍.tell sb. about sth. 告訴某人某事（about關于, 通過其他事自己得出的結論） tell you about him tell you about the word 解釋這個單詞的意思tell sb. sth. 告訴某人某件事(把事情直接告訴)tell you the news tell you the word 直接告訴這個單詞5、Everybody knows him.everybody作為主語一定作單數(shù)看待, 屬于不定代詞。所有的不定代詞作為主語一律為單數(shù)看待: somebody，anybody，everything等。6、He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.calls at 光顧，拜訪 in the street（英國）/on the street（美國）once a month 一個月一次, 單位表達方式once adj. 表示每一次（表示頻率時后面直接加表示時間的名詞）, 計量單位“/” （每）。five kilometers an hourHe goes back to the South once a year.【Key structures】A, The and Some當表示不確定的某個人或物時，用不定冠詞a/an（單數(shù), 可數(shù)名詞）；當表示不可數(shù)的名詞時，則需要由不定冠詞加量詞組成詞組。在表示一種籠統(tǒng)概念（某某一類/一種東西）的陳述句中可以省略a和someA tiger is a dangerous animal nm!. -ous表示有.特質的,多.的Tigers are dangerous. Salt鹽is necessary ns,sr for/to us all.表示某個確定的人或事物或者上文已提到過的人或事物,則要用定冠詞the (有時相當于this/that/these/those),可數(shù)名詞單/復數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞均可。在姓名、地名、國名（非復合詞）以及月份、星期等前面不加任何冠詞。a和the的區(qū)別：a 是泛指, a man；特指, the man.在文章當中第一次出現(xiàn)名詞的時候往往用a和an修飾, 第二次出現(xiàn)的時候用theA man is walking towards me. The man is carrying a parcel. The parcel is full of meat.I have just drunk a glass of milk. Milk is very refreshing提神的;清涼的.I ate an apple. Apples are delicious dls 美味的;香噴噴的.She always buys flour, sugar and tea at the grocers.一般姓名前一般不能加冠詞，表示“某某一類人當中, 具有這種特征當中的一個”，加不定冠詞a. a Mr. Zhang 張先生這類人【Special Difficulties】短語動詞:某些動詞的后面加上介詞或副詞以后就會改變詞義, 這種新的組合稱作短語動詞put v. 放 put on 穿上，戴上tak v. 拿走 take off 脫掉，摘掉look v. 看; look at 看；look for 尋找；look after 照顧；look out 當心；look out of 向外看call: call at到.作短暫訪問, ?？?；call on拜訪,號召,請求；call in請求收回;請來；call back收回, 回電；call for 去取某物, 去接某人；需要The problem calls for immediate action. 這個問題需要立即采取行動knock v. 敲 knock at 敲門 knock off 下班 He knocked off earlier.knock off 打折 Knock 10% off the price.把撞倒，如果有地點，用介詞off；無地點，用介詞overknock sth. off+地點knock the vase off the table I knocked the boy off the bicycle.knock over打翻;撞倒 A car knocked the boy over.knock out 打暈, 在拳擊場合中, 把人打倒在地叫knock out(專用術語)He did not know how to fight, but he knocked the boxer拳擊手out.【Multiple choice questions】5 A neighbour told me about him. He ( d ) Percy Buttons was a beggar.a. told b. said me c. told to me d. saidHe says + 句子；He says +that+句子；say to sb.tell sb. +that+句子He said to me/He told me 他告訴我He told me he was a Beggar./He said he was a Beggar.6 Everybody knows him. ( a ) know him.a. They all b. Each c. Every d. All theyall of us, we all 我們所有人 every adj. 每一個every +n. 每一個(書, 本, 人等)every person likes each adj.&pron. 每一個each +n；each 直接作主語或者賓語each person likes./each likes.every只能是形容詞性，強調整體，常用來指一個大的、不確定的數(shù)目，不能直接做主語；each既可作形容詞，又可作代詞，強調個體，常用以一個確定的并通常是有限的數(shù)目，在作代詞時，直接作主語或賓語，使用第三人稱單數(shù). Each child in the school was questioned. question詢問;訊問;審問Every child enjoys Christmas. Each of us has his own work to do.They each have a share.7 ( d ) does he call? Once a month.a. How seldom b. How long c. How soon d. How oftenonce a month 每月一次, 屬于頻率 對頻率提問: how often How often do you visit your mother? 對時間和次數(shù)提問提問多久: how long, How long do you visit your mother? 對時間提問提問次數(shù): how many times.How many times do you visit your mother each month?how soon 多久以后 How soon will you finish your homework?8 A beggar is a person who ( a ) .a. asks for money but doesnt work b. asks for foodc. works hard d. is out of workout of work 失業(yè) I am out of work./I lose my job.10 She gave him a piece of cheese.He put the ( a )of cheese in his pocket.a. bit b. bar c. block d. packeta bit of /a piece of 在英文中經(jīng)常互用bar 門閂: 長條狀: a bar of chocolate; a bar of soapblock n. 房子；塊, 一大塊；v. 堵塞 packet 一包12 All the houses in our ( a ) are the same age and size.a. street b. way c. road d. routesame age and size 同年代同樣式street 兩邊有房子的街道, 強調城市里的街道way, on the way, in the way 擋住某人的路(強調方向)road 路的通稱 route 路線road home 通往家的路 (張藝謀的影片我的父親母親的英文名)語法精粹1.How can you ( B )if you are not _? 如果你不聽, 怎么可能聽見呢?A. listening/hearing B. hear/listeni