英語連讀規(guī)律(很全面).ppt

英語連讀的規(guī)則,一.連讀的條件： 1.相鄰的兩詞在意義上必須密切相關(guān)，同屬一個(gè)意群。連讀所構(gòu)成的音節(jié)一般都不重讀，只需順其自然地一帶而過，不可讀得太重。 (1)“輔音+元音”型：連讀在同一個(gè)意群里，如果相鄰兩詞中的前一個(gè)詞是以輔音結(jié)尾，后一個(gè)詞是以元音開頭，這就要將輔音與元音拼起來連讀。 eg. ImanEnglish boy. Itisanold book. Let me havea lookatit. Ms Blackworkedinanofficeyesterday. Putiton,please. Notatall. Please pickitup.,2. “r/re+元音”型連讀 如果前一個(gè)詞是以-r或者-re結(jié)尾，后一個(gè)詞是以元音開頭，這時(shí)的r或re不但要發(fā)/r/，而且還要與后面的元音拼起來連讀。 eg. Theyre my fatherand mother. I looked forit hereand there. Thereis a football underit. Thereare some books on the desk. Hereis a letter for you. Hereare foureggs. But whereis my cup? Whereare your brotherand sister? 但是，如果一個(gè)音節(jié)的前后都有字母r，即使后面的詞以元音開頭，也不能連讀。 The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.（nearer與and不可連讀）,3.“輔音+半元音”型連讀 英語語音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一個(gè)詞是以輔音結(jié)尾，后一個(gè)詞是以半元音，特別是/j/開頭，此時(shí)也要連讀。 eg. Thankyou. Nice to meetyou. Didyou get there lateagain? Wouldyou likea cupof tea？ Couldyou help me, please? “音的同化”常把/d/+/j/讀成/dV/，did you聽上成了/dIdVu/，would you成了/wudVu/，could you成了/kudVu/。,4.“元音+元音”型連讀:如果前一個(gè)詞以元音結(jié)尾，后一個(gè)詞以元音開頭，這兩個(gè)音往往也要自然而不間斷地連讀到一起。 eg. Iam Chinese. Heis very friendly to me. She wants to studyEnglish. Howand why did you come here? She cant carryit. Itll take you threehours to walk there. The question is tooeasy for him to answer.,5.當(dāng)短語或從句之間按意群進(jìn)行停頓時(shí)，意群與意群之間即使有兩個(gè)相鄰的輔音與元音出現(xiàn)，也不可連讀。 Isit ahat or a cat?（hat與or之間不可以連讀） Thereisa good book in my desk. （book與in之間不可以連讀） Can you speakEnglish or French? （English與or之間不可以連讀） Shall we meet ateight or ten tomorrow morning? （meet與 at，eight與or之間不可以連讀） She opened the door and walkedin. （door與and之間不可以連讀）,二.失去爆破: 6個(gè)爆破音有3對(duì)/p/，/b/; /t/，/d/; /k/，/g/ 失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情況下，只須做出發(fā)音的準(zhǔn)備，但并不發(fā)音，稍稍停頓后就發(fā)后面的音。 (1)“爆破音+爆破音”型 6個(gè)爆破音中的任意2個(gè)相臨時(shí)，前一個(gè)爆破音會(huì)失去爆破，即由相關(guān)的發(fā)音器官做好這個(gè)發(fā)音的姿勢(shì)，稍做停頓后即發(fā)后面的爆破 eg. The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now. The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people. Wha(t) time does he get up every morning? This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car. The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too. Were going to work on a farm nex(t) Tuesday. What would you like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck) coffee? Its a very col(d) day, but its a goo(d) day. You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden. I bought a chea(p) book, but its a goo(d) book.,(2)“爆破音+摩擦音”型:如果前面是爆破音，其后緊跟著某些摩擦音（如/f/，/s/，/W/，/T/等），那么前面那個(gè)爆破音僅有十分輕微的爆破，而后面那個(gè)摩擦音則要完全爆破。 eg. Goo(d) morning, Mr. Bell. Uncle Lis fa(c)tory is qui(te) near to the cinema. I wen(t) there alone a(t) nine las(t) night. -Do you know his bi(ke) number? -Sorry, I don(t) know. The forty-firs(t) lesson is qui(te) difficult. Goo(d) luck, Lin Tao.,三. 濁化 1、S 后面的清輔音要濁化 eg. discussion： k 濁化成 g stand： t 濁化成d expression： p濁化成 b 2、美音中：t 在單詞的中間被濁化成d 如： writer， 聽起來和 rider 的發(fā)音幾乎沒有區(qū)別 letterladder 美國人和加拿大人發(fā)音為了省事，習(xí)慣清音濁化，尤其是t在單詞的中間一定會(huì)濁化成d， 但英國人發(fā)音不會(huì)這樣，這也是英音和美音的一大區(qū)別。 了解這一濁化原則，會(huì)給聽力帶來一些幫助。,四.弱讀 一般來說： 實(shí)詞重讀，如動(dòng)詞、名詞、副詞等； 虛詞弱讀，如介詞、代詞等 弱讀的規(guī)則一般是：元音音節(jié)弱化成 E 如單詞 for from to some am do have does 強(qiáng)式 fC: frC:m tU: sQm Am dU: hAv dQz 弱式 f frm t sm m d hv dz,五.英音和美音的差異 由于美音的流行，四級(jí)考試聽力也以美音為主，但是，由于歷史的原因，我國大多數(shù)英語教師的發(fā)音，仍然以英音為主，所以，我們腦海中根深蒂固的英式發(fā)音，可能和磁帶中的發(fā)音不一致，進(jìn)而造成四級(jí)聽力中的障礙。英語和美語在讀音上的差異主要反映在元音字母a, o 和輔音字母r 的不同讀音上。 1)在ask、cant、dance、fast、path 這一類的單詞中，英國人將字母a 讀作a:，而美國人則讀作 ，所以這些詞在美國人口中就成了AskkAntdAnsfAst和pB:W。,Liason 連讀,1. Sit on the chair 2. Without any difficulty 3. in a minute 4. a woman of forty 5. best of all 6. arrive in the city 7. at eight oclock 8. an old man and a girl 9. ask any person 10. walk across the street 11. on a foggy day 12. a student in the English Department 13. in our classroom 14. talk with a friend of mine 15. fall in the river,16. tell us a story 17. find it in my desk 18. waited and waited 19. run after it 20. at the end of the street 21. here and there 22. sit at the other end of the room 23. after a while 24. take for example 25. for an hour 26. a pair of trousers 27. wait for a student 28. find the answer after all 29. put more on her plate 30. take care of it,31. cant hear it 32. no air and water 33. the other answer 34. 150 kilometers per hour 35. a fire in a forest 36. discover a new star 37. doctor and nurse 38. far easier than that 39. the owner of the house 40. the paper in the desk,1. I dont understand the theory at all. 2. Jane has saved a lot of money. 3. It isnt our mistake. 4. My mother came and opened the door. 5. Instead of a shirt, Tom bought a jacket. 6. There was a man and a woman sitting behind me. 7. I shall graduate from middle school in one and a half years. 8. Dont let him in while Im reading. 9. He is a tall and handsome young man. 10. When I went into my office, he was talking with a friend of his.,11. While I was waiting for our bus, the rain stopped. 12. There is only one hospital in the town. 13. Perhaps that pair of shoes will fit me. 14. He came in and asked for a cup of coffee. 15. Here is your bag. 16. He is standing at the other end of the bridge. 17. There are no clean glasses in the kitchen, we have used them all. 18. Could you open the door for us? 19. He didnt finish his work until after eight yesterday evening. 20. Dont worry, well find the answer after all.,1.This is the lost and found office. 2.My telephone number is 555-9470. 3.I couldnt help overhearing what you said about an orchestra. 4.Im in perfect health. 5.Ive a perfect heart. 6.You win and I cook dinner for the entire family. 7.She was impressed by the relaxed and informal atmosphere. 8.Im just here to do some research. 9.Do you ever smoke at meal times? 10.Some patients seemed almost normal.,11.But wouldnt you like to go into the village sometimes to buy your own tobacco? 12.He was a gentle and mild-mannered old fellow. 13.Dr. Carmichael was easily persuaded to let her talk to Maurice. 14.Gillian felt slightly uneasy as the porter unlocked the gate and waved her through. 15.Oh, thank you very much,Ok. 16.Ive never been out that way before at all to Australia or the Far East. 17.The food was strictly fish and chips. 18.In addition to this, we were most unhappy with the arrangements for our journey home. 19.Have you ever been to an exhibition? 20.The Indians are bad and the white man is good and brave.,31.This gas will put anyone to sleep for exactly three minutes. 32.Youre going to go round to the managers desk and steal all the money. 33.I think its risky. 34.If you walk out with 50,000 pounds under your arm, somebody will surely notice you. 35.You go into the bank with a motor-cycle helmet on, and a black rubbish bag in your pocket. 36.When you get there, radio Ginger and tell him to come. 37.Sport balloon flights are best early in the morning or late in the afternoon when the wind is light. 38.The flight recorder of the DC10 airliner which crashed in the Antartic a fortnight ago. 39.Fifteen people are to appear in court in Manchester. 40.The trouble began when groups of rival supporters whose teams had both been playing London clubs began to insult each other.,41. Would you like a weekend in Las Vagas? 42. Mary stopped outside a shoe shop and looked in the window. 43. When an atom is divided, heat appears. 44. Talk of a quick election was pure speculation. 45. He hoped it would lead to a basis for negotiation. 46. How did you find it at first being stared at all day? 47.