《情態(tài)動(dòng)詞公開(kāi)》PPT課件.ppt

Unit2 Grammar and Usage,Modal verbs,can/could:,1. can 一般表示與生俱來(lái)的能力或者一種客觀可能性,還可以表示請(qǐng)求和允許 。,Learning English _ be difficult.,can,Man can not live without air.,_ I use your bike?,Can,can/could:,2.在疑問(wèn)句中，用could可表示請(qǐng)求，語(yǔ)氣較委婉。, _I have the television on? Yes, you _. / No, you _,Could,He asks if he _ smoke here.,could,can/may,cant/Im afraid not,can/could:,3.表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主要用在否定句、疑問(wèn)句或驚嘆句中）,Hes such a nice person that he _ commit the crime.,cant,你怎么會(huì)如此地粗心！,How can you be so careless!,Can this be true?,can/could:,4. can never/canttoo表示“無(wú)論怎樣也不過(guò)分”，“越越好” 。,你過(guò)馬路的時(shí)候再小心也不為過(guò)。,You cant be too careful while crossing the road.,Attention:,can/be able to區(qū)別:,Edison always wondered why hens could hatch (孵) chickens while he was not able to.,Question: Are the two modal verbs interchangeable (互換) ? If not, why?,can表示與生俱來(lái)的能力或一種客觀可能，而be able to更加強(qiáng)調(diào)通過(guò)后天的學(xué)習(xí)和努力獲得的能力，或者在某個(gè)客觀的場(chǎng)合和背景下，能做到的事情。,Attention:,can/be able to區(qū)別:,A big fire broke out in ABC hotel yesterday. Luckily, everyone _ run out of the building.,was able to,2. She _ speak both English and French.,can,Attention:,advisability,necessity,ought to/should,have to,must,Your mother brings you up and takes good care of you, so when she is old, you _ look after her in return.,A.can B.may C.have to D.must,Attention:,very uncertain,almost certain,might,should,must,may,could,ought to,will,1.He _ be at home.,2.He _ be at home, for he just called me from his home 15 seconds ago.,A.may B.might C.must,A.may B.might C.must,(can),must 表示肯定的猜測(cè)，譯為“一定”，不能用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。 This must be your pen. He must be doing his homework now. He must have arrived already.,must,must,2. 表示“堅(jiān)持”（常用于固定句型：if you must do sth. 如果你非得要做某事）,如果你真的要走，那就悄悄離開(kāi)。,If you must leave, do it quietly.,Attention:,They_ be doing the experiment in the lab. Why？ Because the lights are still burning.,A.could B.can C.must D.would,may/might:,1. 表示許可。表示請(qǐng)求、允許時(shí)，might比may的語(yǔ)氣更委婉一些。, Might/May I use your computer? Yes, you can. /No, you cant/mustnt.,may/might:,2.用于祈使句中表示祝愿。,3.表示推測(cè)、可能（只用于肯定句，疑問(wèn)句則要用can或could）。,祝你成功！,May you succeed.,He may be very busy now.,May you be happy all your life.,5.Making requests (提出要求):,Can you help me with my training?,I dont know how to use this equipment!,will can could would,informal,formal,6.Making suggestions (提出建議):,Shall we do the training in the morning?,Its too hot to take exercise in the afternoon.,shall:,1.Shall用于第一、第三人稱(chēng)疑問(wèn)句中，表示說(shuō)話(huà)人征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)、向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)示或提供幫助 。,1.Shall we begin our lesson? 2.When shall he be allowed to leave hospital? 3.Shall I carry this bag for you?,shall:,2.Shall用于第二、第三人稱(chēng)，表示說(shuō)話(huà)人給對(duì)方命令、警告、允諾或威脅。,You shall fail if you dont work harder. He shall be punished according to the rule. 等我讀完這本書(shū)，就會(huì)給他的。,He shall have the book when I finish it.,警告,威脅,允諾,7.Making offers (提供幫助):,Dont worry, dear, I will wash them right away.,Mom, my dirty clothes have been piled up! I dont have time,will/would:,1. 表示請(qǐng)求、建議等，would比will委婉客氣。,sentence pattern,Would you please,Would you mind,Would rather,Would you like,will/would:,2.表示意志、愿望和決心。,I will never do that again.,will/would:,3.可表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、傾向性。翻譯為“經(jīng)常、慣于、總是”。,1).The old man _have a smoke under a big tree every afternoon after he finished his farm work.,would,2).門(mén)就是打不開(kāi) !,The door wont open.,will/would:,Attention:,I will go to the park with you tomorrow if you will offer me lunch.,Question: Is this sentence correct? Why?,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,表示 “意愿”,should:,1.Should表示勸告、建議、命令，其同義詞是ought to；在疑問(wèn)句中，通常用should代替oughtto。,Should I open the window?,我們應(yīng)當(dāng)要相互學(xué)習(xí)。,We should learn from each other.,should:,2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should用于第一人稱(chēng)時(shí)可以表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的一種謙遜、客氣、委婉的語(yǔ)氣。,RoseSure. By the way, who is your idol? JackLiu Xiang, I should say.,I should advise you not to do that again.,3. should表示意外或驚訝 常譯為 “居然，竟然”。 I cant believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old. 我不敢相信這樣一個(gè)紳士居然對(duì)老人如此無(wú)禮。,should:,4. should 表示猜測(cè)時(shí)，一般指按經(jīng)驗(yàn)或邏輯判斷，翻譯成“照說(shuō)應(yīng)該，估計(jì)，想必”,should:,-When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon. -They _be ready by 12 : 00 . A. can B. should C. might D. need,To be continued,三. “情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”的用法,（1）must have done對(duì)過(guò)去某事的十分肯定猜測(cè) （2）may/might have done對(duì)過(guò)去某事的可能性猜測(cè) （3）cant/couldnt have done對(duì)過(guò)去某事的否定猜測(cè) （4）should/ought to have done過(guò)去應(yīng)該做而未做 （5）shouldnt/oughtnt to have done 過(guò)去不應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上做了 （6）neednt have done 本沒(méi)有必要做的事實(shí)際卻做了 （7）could have done 本來(lái)能夠做的（有能力做）事實(shí)際卻未做到,Lets have a try!,Practice,With so much work on hand, you _to see the game last night. A. mustnt go B. could have gone C. shouldnt go D. shouldnt have gone,2. There was plenty of time. She _. A. mustnt have hurried B. couldnt have hurried C. must not hurry D. neednt have hurried,Practice,3. I saw Mary in the library yesterday. -You_ her. She is still abroad. A. mustnt see B. cant have seen C. mustnt have seen D. couldnt see,4. Aunt Mary_the train, otherwise she would have arrived here by now. A. must have missed B. should have missed C. had missed D. might miss,四. 可兼做行為動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：need 、 dare,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 (+動(dòng)詞原形),行為動(dòng)詞,need,dare,1.無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化;,2.尤其用于：,*否定句及疑問(wèn)句中;,*在if/whether之后;,*或與hardly, never, no one, nobody連用;,3.常以neednt 和darent 的形式出現(xiàn);,4.dare有其過(guò)去時(shí)dared.,多用于肯定句; (sb.) need to do dare to do (sth.) need to be done (sth.) need doing,He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?,判斷正誤:,He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he?,These di