【AS澳大利亞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】AS 2841-2005 Galvanized steel wire strand.doc

as 28412005as 28412005australian standardgalvanized steel wire strandthis australian standard was prepared by committee me-007, steel wire ropes. it wasapprovedonbehalfofthecouncilofstandardsaustraliaon13 september 2004.this standard was published on 4 january 2005.the following are represented on committee me-007: australian chamber of commerce and industryinstitute of materials engineering australasiashipping australiakeeping standards up-to-datestandards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and systems. to maintain their currency, all standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. between editions, amendments may be issued. standards may also be withdrawn. it is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current standard, which should include any amendments which may have been published since the standard was purchased.detailed information about standards can be found by visiting the standards web shop at .au and looking up the relevant standard in the on-line catalogue.alternatively, the printed catalogue provides information current at 1 january each year, and the monthly magazine, the global standard, has a full listing of revisions and amendments published each month.australian standardstm and other products and services developed by standards australia are published and distributed under contract by sai global, which operates the standards web shop.we also welcome suggestions for improvement in our standards, and especially encourage readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. contact us via email at .au, or write to the chief executive, standards australia, gpo box 5420, sydney, nsw 2001.the standard is downloaded from standard sharingthis standard was issued in draft form for comment as dr 04064.as 28412005australian standardgalvanized steel wire strandoriginated as as 28411986. second edition 2005.copyright standards australiaall rights are reserved. no part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the publisher.published by standards australia, gpo box 5420, sydney, nsw 2001, australiaisbn 0 7337 6424 x3as 28412005prefacethis standard was prepared by the standards australia committee me-007, steel wireropes to supersede as 28411986.the objective of this standard is to provide a consistent set of specifications for galvanized steel wire strand to aid communication between manufacturers, users and regulators of these products.the designation system used to describe the mechanical properties and construction of the strand is generally taken from iso 17893, steel wire ropesvocabulary, designations and classifications. an obvious departure is the australian terminology for spiral strand isstrand.the standard is downloaded from standard sharingthe term informative has been used in this standard to define the application of the appendix to which it applies. an informative appendix is only for information and guidance.contentspagesection 1 scope and general1.1scope . 41.2referenced documents . 41.3definitions . 41.4designation . 51.5standard constructions . 6section 2 materials2.1wire grade . 92.2galvanizing. 92.3lubricant . 9section 3 manufacture3.1core . 103.2direction of lay of strand . 103.3length of lay . 103.4forming. 103.5joints. 103.6freedom from defects . 113.7finished dimensions . 113.8mass of strand. 113.9lubrication . 113.10 seizing . 113.11 packing . 113.12 marking . 12section 4 tests4.1tests on completed strand . 134.2tests on wires from strand . 144.3test certificates . 15appendicesapurchasing guidelines. 16btests . 18draft only19draft onlythe standard is downloaded from standard sharingstandards australiaaustralian standardgalvanized steel wire strands e c t i o n1s c o p ea n dg e n e r a l1.1 scopethis standard specifies requirements for galvanized round steel strand of the constructions given in tables 1.1 and 1.2 and which are used for structural, and general purpose applications.this standard excludes strand for concrete stressing and for automobiles and aeroplanes.1.2 referenced documentsthe following standards are referred to in this standard: as1391methods for tensile testing of metals1394round steel wire for ropes2193calibration and grading of force-measuring systems1.3 definitionsfor the purpose of this standard, the definitions below apply.1.3.1 minimum breaking forcethe tensile force that a sample of the strand must withstand without breaking when loaded in the prescribed manner.1.3.2 measured breaking forcethe maximum tensile force measured when a sample of strand is tested to destruction using the prescribed method.1.3.3 contra-laystrand with more than one layer in which at least one layer of wires is laid in the opposite direction to the other layers.1.3.4 corethe central member of a strand, which may be one of the following: (a)a single wire (king).(b) a group of wires.1.3.5 galvanized strandstrand manufactured from zinc-coated or zinc alloy-coated wire produced in accordance with as 13 grade of wirethe minimum value of the tensile strength of the wire in megapascals (mpa), expressed as a number. standards a.auaccessed by la trobe university library on 27 mar 20071.3.7 jointa weld made in a wire after final drawing of the wire.1.3.8 laythe term applied to(a) the manner of laying wires in strands; (b)the direction of laying; and(c) the pitch of the wire helix in the strand.1.3.9 lay lengththe pitch of the helix of the outside wires of the strand in the longitudinal axis of the strand.1.3.10 direction of laythe direction of lay in defined as right-hand or left-hand. with right-hand lay, the slope of the wires is in the direction of the central part of the letter z when the strand is held vertically. with left-hand lay, the slope of the wires is in the direction of the central part of the letter s when the strand is held vertically. in this standard, the direction of lay is defined by the outer layer.1.3.11 layera group of wires in a strand laid around the core, the same distance from the core.1.3.12 spiral strand ropesee strand.1.3.13 strand diameterthe diameter of the circumscribing circle.1.3.14 strandan assembly of round wires laid helically in one or more layers around a core.1.4 designation1.4.1 form of designationthe complete designation of a steel wire strand shall specify the following characteristics in the order in which they are given:(a) nominal diameter expressed in millimetres.(b) strand construction the number of wires in each separate layer, including the core, separated by the symbol +. the abbreviated construction is 1 total number of wires in the strand.(c) tensile grade of wires (mpa) a number that is the value, in megapascals, of the minimum tensile strength of the wires from which the strand is manufactured. this number is known as the grade of the strand.(d) surface finish of the wire:(i) class a hot dip coated (as a final operation) and with class w10 coating in accordance with as 1394.(ii) class b drawn after hot dip zinc coating and with class w05 coating in accordance with as 1394.(e) direction of lay the letter z indicates the right-hand direction of the outer layer;the letter s indicates the left-hand direction.note: the minimum breaking force and linear mass will be assumed to be consistent with thisstandard unless specified otherwise.1.4.2 examplesexamples of designations are shown in figure standard constructionsstandard constructions are given in tables 1.1 and 1.2. these may be varied by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser in order to achieve particular results in terms of forming and flexibility.4.2 1x3 1320 az (ab breviated for m: 1 x 3) 18 1x19 (12 + 6 + 1) 1570 az (ab breviated for m: 1 x 19) 36 1x61 (24 + 18 + 12 + 6 + 1) 1570 az (ab breviated for m: 1 x 61) form at of design ations dimension; diameter in mm str and constr uction tensile g r ade mpa wire surface finish accessed by la trobe university library on 27 mar 2007lay direction 4.2 18 36 1 x 31 x 19 (12 + 6 + 1) 1 x 61 (24 + 18 + 12 + 6 + 1) 1320az1570az1570azthe standard is downloaded from standard sharingfigure 1.1 examples of designationsaccessed by la trobe university library on 27 mar 2007table 1.1strands for general purpose applications123456nominal dia.mm construction (abbreviated form)minimum breaking force, knnominal mass kg/100 mnominal area2mm young modulus* gpa380grade820grade1320grade1 31 31 71.43.011.721.47.6317.173.971801801703.03.54.01 71 71 72.08.75.567.9210.81701701705.06.07.01 71 71 75.47.910.711.717.023.118.827.437.212.817.725.515.926.631.71701701708.09.010.01 71 71 714.617.821.930.238.447.348.661.876.132.339.863.617017017011.012.010.01 71 71 1926.631.657.468.246.092.41097460.675.450.475.388.060.317017016612.014.016.01 191 191 1963.286.010113718272.698.812987.2119144166166166*the values shown are indicative of values obtained after removal of constructional stretch. if a precise value is required, it should be determined by experiment.the standard is downloaded from standard sharingtable 1.2strands for structural applications123456nominal dia.mm construction* (abbreviatedform)minimum breaking force for1570 grade, knnominal mass kg/100, mnominal area2mm young modulus gpa1012141 191 191 198812617250.472.698.860.387.21191661661661618201 191 191 192102653681291632121451832541661661662224261 191 191 374425185802552993483053574001661661662832361 371 371 6171389711504275386874916187891661661664044481 611 611 9114201710205084810501260975120014501661661665254581 911 911 1272400261028501480161017601700185020201661661586470761 1271 1691 1693640445048502250275029902580315034301581581588286901 2171 2171 271556060406940352038304400405044005050158158158951021 2711 271755088504790561055006440158158*for strand 70 mm diameter and greater, the number of wires may vary from that shown in the table provided that the other physical properties are in accordance with those shown in the table.accessed by la trobe university library on 27 mar 2007 the values shown are indicative of values obtained after removal of constructional stretch. if a precise value is required, it should be determined by experiment.accessed by la trobe university library on 27 mar 2007s e c t i o n2m a t e r i a l s2.1 wire gradeall wires used in the construction of strand shall comply with as 1394, and shall be of 380,820, 1320, 1570, or 1770 grade.2.2 galvanizingthe steel wire shall be galvanized to comply with class a unless another level of galvanizing consistent with the requirements of as 1394 is requested (see note 1). class a is equivalent to w10z in as 1394. this is hot-dipped zinc coated as a final operation with class w10 coating.class b is equivalent to w05dz in as 1394. this is drawn after hot-dip zinc coating withclass w05 coating.notes:1for purchasing guidelines, see appendix a.2as/nzs 4534, zinc and zinc/aluminium-alloy coatings on steel wire, is referenced in as 1394, round steel wire for ropes. this standard provides additional information for the use of galvanized wire including guidelines on coating selection for corrosion protection on steel wire.2.3 lubricantlubricants shall have no injurious effects on the materials of the strand. they shall be of the proper consistency to be retained in the interstices of the strands.the standard is downloaded from standard sharings e c t i o n3m a n u f a c t u r e 3.1 corethe size of the wire core of the strand shall be such that the covering wires can be evenly laid.3.2 direction of lay of strandnormally, the outside layer of strand shall be right-hand lay (z). under certain circumstances the outside layer may be left-hand lay (s) (see note 2).notes:1strand with more than one layer (i.e., with 19 wires and above) is normally produced contra- lay to minimize torque and minimize any tendency for the strand to unlay under load.2for purchasing guidelines, see appendix a.3.3 length of laythe length of lay of wires in a strand layer shall be between 10 times and 16 times the nominal diameter of the strand layer.3.4 formingstrands consisting of seven wires or 19 wires shall be preformed.3.5 joints3.5.1 welding of jointswelds in wires shall be made by electric welding and shall be suitably annealed. welds shall be dressed and protected against corrosion by a coating of thermally applied zinc alloy.3.5.2 spacing of jointsthe distance between joints shall be not less than the distance given in table 3.1 or table 3.2, as appropriate. where strand listed in table 1.1 is used for structural purposes, table 3.2 shall apply to joints in such strand.accessed by la trobe university library on 27 mar 2007note: under various circumstances, strand may be supplied joint-free, or joint-free in the outer layer (see appendix a).table 3.1joints in other than structural strandnumber of wiresminimum distance between joints in wires mouter layerother wires3710010010015accessed by la trobe university library on 27 mar 2007table 3.2joints in structural strandnumber of wiresminimum distance between joints in wires mouter layerother wires77100100100153.5.3 joint markingjoints are not normally marked but under certain circumstance