m3u2Reading語言點(diǎn)講解.ppt

,English,Reading,and its history,Language points,1. throughout history 在整個(gè)歷史進(jìn)程中 2. That is why 這就是為什么 3. confusing rules 令人困惑不解的規(guī)則 4. be made up of 由組成 5. rules and vocabulary 規(guī)則和詞匯,Paragraph 1,That is why English is a language with so many confusing rules. (p22) 正因?yàn)槿绱?，英語才成了一種具有許多令人困惑不解的規(guī)則的語言。 1. 問題是我們找不到合適的時(shí)間。 The problem was that we couldnt find a suitable time. 2. 我們學(xué)校不再是以前的樣子了。 Our school is no longer what it used to be. 3. 這是魯迅曾經(jīng)生活過的地方。 That is where Lu Xun once lived.,The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. （2007上海） A. when B. why C. whether D. that,The English language is made up of the rules and vocabulary each group of people brought to Britain with them. (p22),英語是由每個(gè)進(jìn)入不列顛的人群所說語言中的規(guī)則和詞匯構(gòu)成的。,Each class in our school is made up of fifty-five students.,be made up of由組成（主動(dòng)為make up),Fifty-five students make up each class in our school.,我們學(xué)校每個(gè)班由55名學(xué)生組成。,1. 編造 Make up a story. 2. 補(bǔ)足,彌補(bǔ) 我們需要五十元以彌補(bǔ)損失。 We need $50 to make up the loss. 3. 化裝 她花了一個(gè)多小時(shí)才打扮好。 It took her more than an hour to make herself up.,make up,Someone is coming, but I cant make out who it is.,Can you make this length of cloth into a suit?,Desks can be made of wood. Wine is made from rice.,由制成,弄懂,分辨,把制成,Its the sort of work that _ a high level of concentration. (2007山東） A. calls for B. makes up C. lies in D. stands for,Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and _ jokes （2005江蘇） A. turning up B. putting up C. making up D. showing up,each They each have an English dictionary. =Each of them has an English dictionary. Therere many tall buildings on each/ either side of the street.,注意,主謂語單復(fù)數(shù)的不同及原因,注意,不可用every, every用于三者或三者以上。,1. invade 2. mixwith 3. create 4. It is certain that 5. consist of 6. .find it hard to decide which words 7. This is because,Old English,侵入,侵略 諾曼人于1066年入侵英國。 The Normans invaded England in 1066. 侵犯,侵?jǐn)_ 侵犯某人的權(quán)利 invade sbs rights 擁入,大批進(jìn)入 這個(gè)城市涌來了一批游客。 The town was invaded by a crowd of tourists. (疾病等)侵襲 這種疾病侵襲了他的身體。 The disease invaded his body. invasion n.,invade,They each had their own language and Anglo-Saxon (the base of Old English) developed from mixing these languages with Celtic. (p22) 這三個(gè)日爾曼部落分別有自己的語言，作為古英語基礎(chǔ)的盎格魯-撒克遜語就是在這三種語言與凱爾特語相交匯的過程中發(fā)展起來的。 使混和,攙和,混淆,搞混 mix joy with sorrow. Oil doesnt mix with water.,mix . with .,喜悲交集,油和水不能混合。,mix up 使弄不清；使混亂；混淆；,His explanation just mixed me up more. I always mix up the twins.,我總是把這對(duì)雙胞胎弄混。,他的解釋令我更加糊涂了。,Its certain that 肯定,一定（此處不可用 sure） 他明天肯定會(huì)來。 Its certain that he will come tomorrow. He is sure /certain to come tomorrow. be certain / sure of / about 對(duì)有把握 在英語學(xué)習(xí)方面他對(duì)語法把握不大。 He is not certain/ sure of grammar in English learning. 某一位,某個(gè) A certain Mr. Li called on you yesterday.,The language consisted of an Anglo-Saxon base plus words from the languages of Denmark and Norway. 它以盎格魯-撒克遜語為基礎(chǔ)，加上丹麥語和挪威語的詞匯構(gòu)成。,consist of / be made up of 由構(gòu)成;包含,這個(gè)研究小組由兩名中國科學(xué)家和三名美國專家組成。 The research team consists of two Chinese scientists and three American experts. 聯(lián)合王國包括大不列顛與北愛爾蘭。 The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.,plus:加，加上（介詞）added to Two plus five is seven.,When we speak English today, we sometimes find it hard to decide which words or phrases to use. (p22) 如今，我們?cè)谡f英語時(shí)，有時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)很難確定到底該選哪些單詞或詞組。,it,1. It is quite difficult to find ones family history. 2. Do you consider it necessary to send more people to help them? 3. It was at midnight that he heard a crying softly.,The chairman thought _necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting . （2005全國） A. that B. it C. this D. him It wasnt until nearly a month later _ I received the managers reply. （2005全國） A. since B. when C. as D. that,The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help. （ 2005全國III ） Ait Bshe Cwhich DHe It was some time _ we realized the truth. （2005山東） A. when B. until C. since D. before,1. contribute to 2. take control of 3. replace 4. despite 5. have an impact on 6. result in 7. raise 8. adopt,Middle English,Many factors contributed to the development of this new type of English.,很多因素使得英語發(fā)展成這種新的類型。,It was believed that smoking had contributed to his early death.,人們相信是抽煙使他過早死亡。,contribute to,1) 為造成某一結(jié)果而作出貢獻(xiàn)； 促成的因素：,鍛煉能促成更強(qiáng)健的體魄。,Exercise contributes to better health.,caused,Many people are willing to contribute their money to Hope Project.,2) 捐(款);捐獻(xiàn);投稿 contribute/donate to ,He contributed an article to China Daily.,許多人愿意把他們的錢捐贈(zèng)給希望工程。,他為中國日?qǐng)?bào)撰寫了一篇文章。,contribution n.,make great contributions to,對(duì)作出巨大貢獻(xiàn),under control 在控制之下; out of control 失去控制 lose control of 失去控制 The English conquered this country and took control of it. 英國人征服了這個(gè)國家并掌控了它。 The fire lasted half an hour before it was under control. 大火持續(xù)了半小時(shí)才得到控制。 He lost control of the plane. 他控制不了飛機(jī)了。,take control of,1) 代替（take the place of) Electric lights have replaced candles. 電燈已經(jīng)取代了蠟燭。 2) 放回原處 報(bào)紙讀完后請(qǐng)放回原處。 When you have finished reading the newspaper, please replace it.,replace,despite prep.= in spite of 不管,盡管,任憑 盡管他病了，他還去上班。 He went to work despite his illness. 盡管他年事已高，他還在學(xué)駕駛。 Despite the advanced years, he is learning to drive. 雖然他花費(fèi)了許多時(shí)間,但是他就是不擅長音樂。 He is not good at music despite the fact that he has spent much time on it.,despite,In spite of,Despite such a big difference in _ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special. (2007湖北） A. point B. idea C. attitude D. sight,have an impact on 對(duì)有影響,他的思想對(duì)他后來的研究有很大影響。 His ideas had a great impact on the research afterwards. 那一刻他的話對(duì)你有怎樣的影響? What kind of impact did his words have on you at that moment?,have an impact on,result in=lead to/cause 導(dǎo)致結(jié)果 他的粗心致使比賽失敗了。 His carelessness resulted in the loss of the game. result from由于而產(chǎn)生;作為.的結(jié)果 Sickness often results from eating too much. 因?yàn)槌缘锰喽×恕?as a result of 由于的結(jié)果 as a result 結(jié)果 由于下大雨,我們得呆在家里. We had to stay at home as a result of the heavy rain. =It rained heavily. As a result, we had to stay at home.,As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area . (2007陜西) A. need repairing B. needs to repair C. needs repairing D. need to repair,At this point, many English people worked as servants who raised animals and cooked for the Normans. 在此期間, 很多英國人淪為諾曼人的仆人, 他們?yōu)橹Z曼人飼養(yǎng)牲畜, 給他們做飯。 raise v.飼養(yǎng); 養(yǎng)育 How did you manage to raise such a big family on such small income? 你是如何設(shè)法用這么少的收入養(yǎng)活這么一個(gè)大家庭的。,raise,Raise your right hand if you can answer my question. In order to make everyone hear him clearly, he raised his voice. They are going to raise money for the school buildings.,at this/that point 在這時(shí)/那時(shí),舉起,提高,籌集,就在那時(shí)我認(rèn)出他來了。,At that point, I recognized him.,Translations,By the latter half of the 14th century, English was adopted by all classes in England. (p23) 到14世紀(jì)后半葉，英國各階層都使用了英語。 vt. 采用;采納;吸收 校長決定采納她的建議。 The headmaster decided to adopt her suggestions. 他采用了我們的教學(xué)方法。 He adopted our methods of teaching. 過繼,收養(yǎng) 許多美國家庭收養(yǎng)孩子。 Many American families adopt children.,adopt,Students are not allowed to talk in class. Our class is made up of 54 students. Most people in Japan think they belong to the middle class. She belonged to that class of people, who only think of themselves. The school is very famous, in fact, I think it is among the first-class schools.,English was adopted by all classes.,1. undergo 2. style 風(fēng)格 3. dialect 方言 4. process 進(jìn)程,過程 5. depend on,Modern English,Pronunciation also underwent huge changes during this period. (p23) 在此期間，英語發(fā)音也經(jīng)歷了巨大變化。 undergo-underwent-undergone vt. (1) 經(jīng)歷;經(jīng)受;忍受 在取得成功之前你可能得忍受失望和失敗之苦。 You may have to undergo disappointment and failure before achieving success. (2) 接受(治療,檢查等) 所有新來的都要接受體檢。 All the freshmen will undergo a medical examination.,undergo,There are many different dialects of English depending on where people live. (p25) 依人們居住地的不同，方言有很多不同的種類。 相信;信賴(+on/upon) 你可以相信他。 You can depend on him. Jane is a person to be depended upon. 依靠,依賴 (+on/upon) 好的身體要靠優(yōu)質(zhì)的食品,新鮮的空氣和足 夠的睡眠。 Health depends on good food, fresh air and enough sleep.,depend on,- Are you going? - It all depends. =It / That / depends. It depends on whether you want to do it or not.,(口語)看情況,依而定;取決于 (+on/upon) 價(jià)格取決于質(zhì)量。 The price depends on the quality.,Choosing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to use it for. (2007江蘇） A. what B. why C. how D. whether, Could I use your computer for a few moments, please? . Im not using it myself. （2007陜西） A. Come on B. It depends C. Go ahead D. Thats great,1. 這就是為何英語是一種有許多令人困惑不解的規(guī)則的語言。 2. 英語是由每個(gè)進(jìn)入不列顛的人群所說語言中的規(guī)則和詞匯構(gòu)成的。,Thats why English is a language with so many confusing rules.,The English language is made up of the rules and vocabulary each group of people brought to Britain with them.,3. 他們分別有自己的語言，盎格魯-撒克遜就是在這三種語言與凱爾特語相交匯的過程中發(fā)展起來的。,They each had their own language and Anglo-Saxon developed from mixing these languages with Celtic.,4. 他們所創(chuàng)造的語言就是我們今天所稱的古英語。,The language they created is what we now call Old English.,5. 事實(shí)上如果我們現(xiàn)在聽了古英語也肯定聽不懂了。 6. 這是因?yàn)橛⒄Z中有許多對(duì)單詞和詞組有相近的意思。,In fact it is certain that we would not be able to understand it if we heard it today.,This is because many pairs of words and phrases have similar meanings in English.,7. 很多因素使得英語發(fā)展成這種新的類型。 8. 早期的侵略后，凱爾特語被替換成英語。 9. 法語卻沒有取代英語而成為英國的第一語言。,Many factors contributed to the development of this new type of English.,After the earlier invasion, Celtic had been replaced with English.,French did not replace English as the first language.,1