Unit6翻譯技巧--詞類轉(zhuǎn)換法.ppt

Translation Techniques (2) Conversion of Part of Speech,Unit Six,I. Teaching contents A. Converting to verbs（轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞） B. Converting to nouns（轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞） C. Converting to other parts of speech（其它詞類轉(zhuǎn)譯） II. Aims of teaching To make students skilled in translation. III. Teaching Focus Students ability in dealing with the techniques. IV. Teaching Method Discussion (group work, then class work).,Conversion of part of speech in translation,在翻譯過程中， 如果絕對地按照原語的詞性進(jìn)行翻譯，有時譯文會顯得晦澀或不符合譯語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。這時， 我們可以對原語的詞性進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換翻譯。英譯漢中常見的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換有以下幾個方面。,轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞,1.名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞（ n.-v. ） 英語中具有動作意義的名詞，漢譯時往往可轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞。 Examples: They went on strike in demand of a 40 percent wage increase. 他們舉行罷工，要求工資增加40%。 He is an enemy to reform. 他反對改革。 Difference between the social system of states shall not be an obstacle to their approach and cooperation. 國與國社會制度的不同不應(yīng)妨礙彼此的接近與合作。,I am afraid I cant teach you English. I think my daughter is a better teacher than I. 恐怕我教不了你英語，我想我女兒比我教得好。 The operation of a computer needs some knowledge of English. 操作電腦需要一些英語知識。,2. 介詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞（prep.-v.） Examples: The road to development is long but we are firmly on it. 發(fā)展的道路雖然漫長，可我們已堅定地走上了這條路。 He is walking in the park with an umbrella in his hand. 他在公園散步，手里拿著一把傘。 It is our goal that the people in the undeveloped areas will be finally off poverty. 我們的目標(biāo)是使不發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的人民最終擺脫貧困。 The company has advertised in the newspaper for electronic experts. 公司在報上登廣告招聘電子方面的專家。,3. 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞（adj.-v.） Examples: Integrity means you do what you do because its right and not just fashionable or politically correct. 誠實意味著去做你認(rèn)為對的事，而不僅僅是為了趕時髦或在政治上不出錯。 Dont be afraid of those who might have a better idea or who might even be smarter than you are. 不要恐懼那些想法可能比你高明，或者那些可能比你更聰明的人。 Is Mr. Smith familiar with the performance of the laboratory equipment? 史密斯先生熟悉實驗室設(shè)備的性能嗎？,4. 副詞轉(zhuǎn)譯為動詞（adv.-v.） What film will be on this evening? 今晚放映什么影片？ That book will be out pretty soon. 那本書不久就要出版了。 In those years the republicans were in. 那些年是共和黨執(zhí)政。 Double windows were fixed to keep the cold out. 安裝雙層窗御寒。 5. 動名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞（gerund-v.） The origin of this particular culture is far from clearing. 這種奇特的文化根源遠(yuǎn)沒有弄清楚。,轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞,當(dāng)英語動詞的意義不易用漢語動詞表達(dá)，或不能表達(dá)得很準(zhǔn)確時，可以把動詞轉(zhuǎn)譯為名詞。 1. 動詞轉(zhuǎn)譯為名詞（v.-n.） The book did not impress me at all. 那本書沒留給我什么印象。 Harry aims to become a computer expert. 哈里的目標(biāo)是成為計算機(jī)專家。 Your work is characterized by lack of attention to detail. 你工作的毛病是不注意細(xì)節(jié)。（粗心大意） The machine weighs about five hundred kilograms. 這臺機(jī)器的重量大約是500公斤。,When light falls on certain things, it bounces back, which we say the light is reflected. 光照到某種物體上會彈回來，這種情況我們稱之為光受到反射。 （注意： 如果英語動詞譯成漢語動詞時跟前后的修飾語不好搭配；或搭配起來不符合漢語習(xí)慣，可以把動詞譯成名詞，再在名詞前加上與之搭配的動詞。） The youths always dream fondly of their future. 年輕人對前途總是懷有美好的夢想。 Independent observers have commented favorably on the achievements you have made in this direction. 有獨立見解的觀察家們對你們在這方面所取得的成就給予了很高的評價。,2. 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)譯為名詞 （adj.-n. ） 有些形容詞在翻譯時如不易或不能用適宜的漢語形容詞表達(dá)，可改用名詞表達(dá)。 The day was cloudy but the sun was trying to come through. 天上有云，不過太陽就要破云而出了。 Obedience is obligatory on a soldier. 服從命令是軍人的天職。 Many Western people are religious. 很多西方人都是虔誠的教徒。,其它詞類轉(zhuǎn)譯,You are a greater blockhead than I had supposed you to be. 你比我所想象得要傻得多（n.adj.） Our government shows great concern for the Chinese resident abroad. 我國政府十分關(guān)心海外華僑。 His address impressed me deeply. 他的講話給我留下很深的印象。 From the front, back and both sides we kept a strict watch on the enemy. 我們在前后左右嚴(yán)密地監(jiān)視敵人。,He is the right man Im looking for. 他正是我在找的人。 The unit of weight is the gram, that of length is the meter, and that of capacity is the liter. 重量單位是克，長度單位是米，容量單位是升。 The machine can dimensionally be changeable according to consumers need. 機(jī)器的在大小（或尺寸）可以根據(jù)用戶的需要改變。 All you have done is proportional to all you have achieved. 你的付出和所得成正比。,To be independent is an absolute necessity for young people. 獨立對年輕人來說是絕對必要的。 In science, it is important to state a law or a principle accurately. 在科學(xué)方面定律或定理的準(zhǔn)確敘述十分重要。 With slight repairs, the machine could be in motion. 只要稍加修理，這臺機(jī)器便可以運轉(zhuǎn)。 The new mayor earned respect due to the courtesy of visiting the poor in the city. 新市長有禮貌地訪問城市貧民贏得了人們的尊敬。,Exercises in class:,1. Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 2. The sight and the sound of jet planes filled me with longing. 3. The streets are marked by an absence of color. 4. We are enemies of all wars, but above all of dynastic wars. 5. After several blocks, he found an empty park bench.,6. Party officials worked long hours on meager food, in cold caves, by dim lamps. 7. Father passed his hand over his face. 8. Traditionally, there had always been good relations between them. 9. The girl impressed her boyfriends relatives favorably with her vivacity and sense of humor. 10. I mumbled an embarrassed “no, thank you” and thrust my misshapen hands into my lap.,1. Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 2. The sight and the sound of jet planes filled me with longing. 3. The streets are marked by an absence of color.,火箭已經(jīng)用來探索宇宙。,看到噴氣式飛機(jī)，聽到隆隆的機(jī)聲，我感到心馳神往。,街上明顯缺乏色彩。,4. We are enemies of all wars, but above all of dynastic wars. 5. After several blocks, he found an empty park bench. 6. Party officials worked long hours on meager food, in cold caves, by dim lamps.,我們反對一切戰(zhàn)爭，特別是王朝戰(zhàn)爭。,過了幾個街區(qū)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)一條公園里的長凳，空著沒人坐。,黨的干部每天長時間工作，吃的是粗茶淡飯，住的是冰冷的窯洞，點的是昏暗的油燈。,7. Father passed his hand over his face. 8. Traditionally, there had always been good relations between them