大學(xué)英語綜合教程1——重點短語、詞匯.docx

1. 斷斷續(xù)續(xù)off and on2. 對感到膩味be bored by .3. 覺得枯燥難懂find . dull and difficult4. 以而出名have a reputation for.5. 據(jù)說某人sb. be said to be .6. 拘謹(jǐn)刻板，落后于時代formal, rigid and out-of-date7. 隨筆小品文an informal essay8. 躺在沙發(fā)上lie on a sofa9. 不得不面對face up to .10. 圍坐在晚餐桌旁be seated around the supper table11. 重現(xiàn)在我腦海中. reawake in my mind12. 自得其樂for my own joy13. 違反規(guī)定violate the rules14. 不及格分a failing grade15. 別無選擇，只好做There is no choice but to do.16. 更不可思議的是whats more17. 專心聽講listen attentively18. 樂乎乎地開懷大笑laugh with open-hearted enjoyment19. 心花怒放pure delight20. 最后的時刻at the eleventh hour1、沉悶的，無趣的 Dull, lifeless, cheerless, tedious2、寫，寫出，寫下來 Turn out, write, compose, put down3、合理的，得體的 proper, respectable4、人們想起什么 I recalled the laughing arguments .Vivid memories of sth.Come flooding back to sb. sth. reawakes in on ones mind5、再體驗 recapture, relive6、快樂，幸福Joy, pleasure, delight, happiness7、嘲笑，嘲弄 contempt, ridicule8、話題，題目 topic, title 1. 我們的經(jīng)理在想法上是很如此頑固，一成不變的，他從不聽從別人的意見。Our manager is so rigid in his thinking, that he never listens to new ideas.2.童年的片段如此的栩栩如生，浮現(xiàn)在我眼前。Parts of my childhood are so vivid to me.3.湯姆已經(jīng)被派往巴黎的新辦公室工作。Tom has been assigned to the new Paris office.4.她對20年后長什么樣有著清醒的形象認(rèn)識。She had a clear image of how she would look in twenty years time.1. He must have been completely lost in something he was reading.(L1)must have been表示猜測過去發(fā)生的事情，“那肯定是”might have done表示猜測，這種猜測不太肯定，“可能”could have done本可以做（卻沒有）; 表示對過去動作的猜測，“可能”ought to/should have done表示假設(shè)， 過去應(yīng)該做而沒有做含有責(zé)備的意思2. He must have been completely lost in something he was reading because I had to tap on the windshield to get his attention.(L1) be lost in=lose oneself in: be absorbed in, be occupied with 專心致志于focus on, concentrate on, abandon oneself to3. Is you cab available?(L3) available: able to be used, had or reached可用的，可得到的;可接受探訪的，可見客人的Im sorry, those overcoats are not available in your color and size. 對不起,這種外套沒有你要的顏色和尺碼。There are no tickets available for “Transformers”.The lawyer is not available now.4.He sounded as if he had a cold or something.(L5) as if 好像 一般情況下引出的從句表示的不是實際的情況，要用虛擬語氣；如果as if后面的從句所表示的情況是真實的或很可能是真實的，從句的動詞不用虛擬語氣，而用陳述語氣。在look, smell, sound, feel, taste后尤其如此。The girl listened quietly as if she had been turned to stone.She loves the boy as if she were his motherIt sounds as if it is raining5.He sounded as if he had a cold or something.(L5)or something: 諸如此類的事 =or something like thatHeres some moneyGet yourself a hamburger or somethingHe is writing a poem or something.6. it might as well have been family .(L13) might/may as well 不放，無妨，后直接跟動詞原形It will be quite some time before the next bus comes. We may as well walk home.7.Im not much of a hand at writing.(L13) 我不大會寫東西。not much of a: not a good不太好的Some people may think that doing housework for others is not much of a job.Can you sing/dance/draw/cook?I am not much of a singer/dancer/painter/cook.8. I dont think any of us keep up our correspondence to well.(L16)keep up: continue without stopping保持I dont believe he can keep up working like that.keep off避開，不接近keep on繼續(xù)進(jìn)行keep to堅持，信守keep up with跟上，趕上keep out of躲開，置身于外9. I dont think any of us keep up our correspondence to well.(L16) correspondence: 通信聯(lián)系; 符合, 一致The correspondence dropped after the enemys airraid.There isnt much correspondence between his words and actions.1.完全沉浸于be completely lost in2.引起的注意get sb.s attention3.坐進(jìn)后座settle into the back seat4.不著急in no hurry5.不大會not much of a hand at6.保持通信往來keep up correspondence7.從小學(xué)一直到高中all the way through both grade and high school8. 老街坊an old neighborhood9. 保持聯(lián)系keep in touch with10. 老同學(xué)聚會a class reunion11. 時間不饒人Time goes by.12. 在一起閑逛hang out on the same corner13. 點頭稱是nod in agreement14. 在遠(yuǎn)處in the distance1.盡管不可能每個人都能回家，但是他們依然在繼續(xù)計劃這個計劃。Although it is unlikely that everyone will be able to go home ,they are still going ahead with this plan.2.由于有些事情意想不到的發(fā)生了，恐怕我不能按時完成這個項目了。Something has come up and I am afraid I will not be able to accomplish the project on time3.由于糟糕的天氣據(jù)估計有上千乘客被滯留在機場。Because of the awful weather, it is estimatedthat over one thousand passengers wereheld up at airport4.因為他們準(zhǔn)備聽你訴說，那你就把你所有的苦水都倒出來吧。Since theyre ready to lend an ear, you might as well pour out your troubles to them.5.他神情有點悲傷，似乎想看清遠(yuǎn)處的什么東西。我想我真應(yīng)該早些寫這封信。He looked sort of sorrowful, or as if he were trying to see something in the distance. I guess I should have written it sooner. likely:It is likely that 很可能It is highly likely that he will succeed我下個月很有可能在這邊。I shall very likely be here again next month.He cant do without the services of a secretary.bring about : cause to happenbring forth 產(chǎn)生；提出bring up 教育；養(yǎng)育；提出1. 在過去的一百年間in the last hundred years2. 回到go back to3. 享有特權(quán)的少數(shù)人a privileged minority4. 當(dāng)今政府the present government5. 基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)basic science6. 全球政府a(chǎn) global state7. 民主社會a democratic society8. 作出明達(dá)的決定make informed decisions9. 生活水準(zhǔn)the standard of living10. 卡通人物cartoon figures11. 科幻小說science fictions12. 酸雨acid rain13. 溫室效應(yīng)greenhouse effect14. 核武器nuclear weapons15. 基因工程genetic engineering16. 死記硬背learn by rote17. 使銷量減半halve the sales18. 分子生物學(xué)molecular biology19. 外星文明alien civilization20. 對充滿信心have sufficient faith in這工作在前景方面還是很有優(yōu)勢的 但是工資非常的低。The job is great in terms of advancement but the starting salary is rather low似乎政府還沒有意識的到問題的嚴(yán)重性。It seems the government has not yet grasped the seriousness of the problem我的現(xiàn)在的工資是兩年前掙的兩倍My income is now twice as much as I used to earn two years ago正如外界預(yù)測的那樣，這家外企的失敗不是由于缺少資金而是由于管理不善。The failure of the joint venture was not, as was assumed by outsider, because of lack of capital, but because of poor management.蘇珊沒有被告知為什么被解雇.Susan was not informed of the reason why she was dismissed.這些電腦游戲不僅可以用來娛樂還可以用來學(xué)習(xí)These computer games entertain as well as educate the learner.1. But one evening I found him standing in the driveway. (L2) find/see/watch/notice/hear/observe/feel sb doing sth.感官類動詞+賓語+doing：表示賓語正在做某事加動詞原形表示對某一件事見到了它的全過程，著重強調(diào)結(jié)果I notice him playing cell phone games in the class.He saw a girl getting on the bus.(意為上車的動作正在進(jìn)行。) He saw a girl get on the bus.(意為女孩上車的動作已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。)2. I went into my house unhappy. (L10) 形容詞作補足語修飾主語：S+V.+adj.形容詞（短語）作主語補足語或賓語補足語。Every day, the kids came home from school, dusty and hungry.這個新任命的主任走進(jìn)他的辦公室，高興并且自信。The new appointed director walked into his office, cheerful and confident.They found the farm green with vegetables ， the little house livable and homey 3. .but how could I turn away a person who had come to me for help? (L10) turn away: refuse to help sb. or to allow sb. to enter a place 拒絕幫助，不讓.進(jìn)入；把臉轉(zhuǎn)過去A doctor cant turn away a dying man.He turned away several people who didnt have the tickets.4. I assumed you had hired him. (L10) assume: suppose假設(shè)，以為采用，承擔(dān)，開始擔(dān)任裝出，顯出A large proportion of population assume the price will continue to rise.At the age of 40, he assumed presidency of the college.She assumed a look of surprise when she heard the news.assumption-假定；假設(shè)presume-假定，假設(shè)，認(rèn)為presumption consume consumption resume resumption5. I complimented him on the work he had done. (L10) compliment: praise 贊揚，贊美 v. compliment sb. on sth. praise sb. for sth.n. 贊美的言辭或行為;致意，問候（復(fù)數(shù)）Her guests complimented her on the decoration of her house.She received many compliments on the design of her new dress.她那新裙子的設(shè)計,受到許多人稱贊。Extend my compliments to your family.6. I managed to work out some kind of small weekly pay. (L24)-Translation work out: plan, solve, calculate 制定出，解決，算出,理解，弄懂weekly: 每周的，一周一次的Well leave it to the committee to work out the details of the plan.See if you can work this puzzle out.I cant work out the meaning of this poem. Are you paid weekly or monthly?我設(shè)法湊了一小筆微薄的周薪。7. Well, what do you do with such determination and hope? (L30) do with:對待，處理-used in questions with whatWhat have you done with my book?What are we going to do with the food left over from the party?do without: 沒有也行，將就do away with: 廢除，去掉have something to do with: 和有點關(guān)系have nothing to do with: 和毫無關(guān)系8. But I doubted whether Tony had the capacity to read blueprints and micrometers or do precision work. (L36) capacity: 1) the ability to understand or do sth. 能力，才能2) the power of ability to hold 容量This book is within the capacity of young readers.The seating capacity of this theater is over 500.capacity, ability, capabilitycapacity 用于物時，指容納接受的能力，如容積、容量、生產(chǎn) 能力；用于人時，指潛在的能力。ability 既指天賦的能力， 也指培養(yǎng)造就而獲得的本領(lǐng)；主要用于人，指 已經(jīng)表現(xiàn)出來的實際能力，尤指人的思維能力。capability 較多用于人，指勝任某項工作的能力、本領(lǐng)。9. He had learned to read the millionths of an inch on the micrometer and to shape the grinding wheel with an instrument set with a diamond. My wife and I were delighted with what we felt was a satisfying end of the story. (L42)他學(xué)會了在千分尺上辨識一百萬分之一英寸，會用鑲嵌著金剛石的工具制作砂輪。我和太太都挺高興，覺得他的事總算有了個令人滿意的結(jié)局。10.On the edge of town, he had found a house for sale, a complete wreck. (L45)for sale 代售 Wreck 殘破物；殘骸 on sale 減價，賤賣 a sale on credit 賒購11. I called on a banker friend. “Do you ever loan money on character?” (L48) call on: visit sb. for a short time拜訪character: 品德，品質(zhì)；個性，特色，性格；人物；字I shall call on my advisor before I start writing the term paper.call on sb. to do sth:請或叫某人做某事; 號召，呼吁He has a strong but gentle character.他有堅強但溫柔的性格。characteristic: 特性，特征; 特有的，表示特性的a leading character; a Chinese character12. Youre not getting a damn thing from your lot. It will stay there for years. (L51)-Translation眼下，你從你那塊地上一分錢也得不到。那塊地空在那兒要好多年呢。lot:地皮，場地 a vacant lot a parking lot13.Reluctantly, the banker wrote a mortgage for $2,000 and gave Tony the house with no down payment. (L54)-Translation那位銀行家勉強開了兩千美金抵押貸款，沒要托尼首付款就把房子給了他。mortgage買房者可以先貸一大筆款來買下房子，然后通過分期付款慢慢還債，這種貸款方式就叫做mortgage（抵押），pay ones mortgage in monthly installment（每月分期付款償還抵押借款）installment payment 分期付款down payment: the initial payment14. From then on, it was interesting to see that any discarded odds and ends around our place a broken screen, a bit of hardware, boards from packing Tony would gather and take home. (L55)They discarded empty bottles/ old beliefs discard 指“拋棄、丟棄”無用的、已經(jīng)成為負(fù)擔(dān)或障礙的人或物abandon “丟棄、離棄”指徹底、永久地離開某個地方，如家園、船只、飛機等；表示“拋棄、遺棄”時，賓語為人，往往指割斷某種關(guān)系（如親情、友情等）；還可表示“放棄（希望、努力等）”discard: throw away 拋棄 odds and ends:零碎的東西15. I was amazed. (L62) amaze: surprise sb. very much 使驚愕，使詫異be amazed at (by)對大為驚奇Her knowledge amazes me.Visitors were amazed at the achievements in the car manufacture of the city during the past decade.astonishamazesurprise, 但amaze有驚嘆之意amazing:令人驚異的; amazement:驚愕，驚異16. He had sent for his wife and son and daughter back in Italy. (L62) send for: ask for the arrival of派人去叫，召喚，派人去拿We may have to send to Japan for spare parts.What will you do if your water pipes have burst？We must send for a plumber.17. .until he found a small, abandoned piece of property with a house and shed.(L62) abandon: give up completely or forever 拋棄，放棄 property: 房地產(chǎn)；財產(chǎn)；所有權(quán)The scientist abandoned his research for lack of fund. With more and more people purchasing houses, property prices have been on the rise.The police found some stolen property hidden in the thiefs house.Intellectual Property-知識產(chǎn)權(quán)18. Tony was sponsoring him. (L62) sponsor: v. 為.做保證人，資助；主辦，發(fā)起n. 保證人，主辦者，發(fā)起人His academic achievements are much attributed to his sponsor.他在學(xué)業(yè)上的成就很大程度上要歸功于他的擔(dān)保人。The term soap opera was coined because the TV series were originally sponsored by soap powder companies.19. With an amused look in his eye, he told me that when they approached the little farm. (L62) an amused look: 頑皮的表情 amuse:逗樂，給.提供娛樂be amused at/by/with以為樂；對覺得有趣/好笑 amusement n. 娛樂，消遣，樂趣;amusing引人發(fā)笑的，有趣的; amused感到有趣的，被逗樂的approach: v. 1) come near to接近; 2) 處理n. 1) 接近，走近 2) 步驟，方法As people approached old age their energy may diminish.We need to find a better way of approaching this problem.The approach of winter brings cold weather.present a new approach20. Tony had passed away. (L62) pass away: (euphemism) die仙逝，逝世The teenager has lived on his own since his parents passed away four years ago.21.I asked our people to check on his family and see that everything was properly handled. (L62) check on: 檢查see that (see to it that): make sure thathandle: manage, control管理，處理，操縱ndled a difficult argument skillfully.He saw (to it) that much of his sons spare time was profitably occupied.If you have 4 or 5 children, what will you feel?22. and Tony didnt owe a cent. (L62) owe:欠， 欠債；感恩；感激；歸功于owe sb sth.; owe sth to sth.I owe him ten dollars.He owes his success to his hard work.owing to由于23. He grew stature in my mind. (L84) He grew taller and greater in my mind. (His social status improved enough in my mind. )在我心目中，他的形象越來越高大。愛上某人fall in love with 初戀first love 白馬王子Mr. Right 早戀puppy love/calf love 一見鐘情fall in love at first sight 情書love letter 相思病的love sick 風(fēng)流韻事love affair 失戀lovelorn/ be crossed in love 分手break up 相親blind date 絕交信a dear John letter情人眼里出西施。Beauty lies in the eyes of the beholder. Love is blind1. straighten: to become straight (Line 1) 名詞/形容詞+-en動詞 en作后綴 en-+名詞/形容詞動詞 en作前綴Hairdresser use a hot iron to straighten womens hair.widen, weaken, broaden, fasten, sharpen, threaten, heighten, lengthenenlarge, enrich, endanger, enslave2. make ones way: 去，前進(jìn) (Line 2) 后面可以跟介詞across, into, to, toward, through等The old man slowly rose from his seat and made his way to the front of the bus.Visitors are requested not to make their way across the lawn.It will be difficult to make our way through the crowd.make ones way: 去，前進(jìn)feel ones way摸索著前進(jìn);squeeze ones way. 擠(出去), 沖(出去)fight ones way 打出道路,奮斗前進(jìn)edge ones way側(cè)著走inch ones way慢慢挪著走force ones way奮力地走struggle ones way艱難地走3. Taking a book off the shelf, he soon found himself absorbed, not by the words. (Line 6) be absorbed in: completely hold ones attention ( be absorbed by/in sth.)I was so absorbed in the detective story that I didnt hear Martin come in.be lost in; be occupied with4. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful mind. (L8) reflect: 1. be a sign of, show反映，顯示 2. 反射3.思考(on/upon) n. reflectionThe Ugly Duckling saw himself reflected in the water, unhappy.He reflected before answering my question.The statistics reflect a change in peoples spending habits.秀氣的字體顯示出多思善慮的心靈和富有洞察力的頭腦。5. he discovered the previous owners name. (L9) previous: happening or coming before or earlier 早先，先前的He has had no previous experience of this kind of job.Previous to her departure she gave a big party.former, previous, prior 在前的,在先的former “以前的”(時間上在前的) ; “前者的”the former Prime Minister the former, the latterprevious “較早的”(時間上); “在前的”(順序上)prior :預(yù)先的；在前的, 用法與previous 相同；更重要的；優(yōu)先的其它詞只用作定語, prior to可作表語. This task is prior to all others.6. he located her address. (L10) locate:1.找到的位置 2.使座落于It is located in the east of Ningbo.Police are still trying to locate the suspect.Can you locate the Junior College of Wanli University on the map?你能在地圖上指出萬里學(xué)院基礎(chǔ)學(xué)院的位置嗎？be located / situated in = lie in 坐落于,位于7. He wrote her a letter introducing himself and inviting her to correspond. (L10) correspond:1.通信 2.符合,相一致 correspondenceThe U.S Congress corresponds to the British Parliament.Love grew between John Blanchard and Miss Maynell as they kept corresponding with each other.I assure you that my actions will correspond with my words.8. If your feeling for me has any reality, any honest basis, what I look like wont matter. Suppose Im beautiful. Id always be haunted by the feeling ( that you had been taking a chance on just that), and that kind of love would disgust me. Suppose Im plain (and you must admit that this is more likely). Then Id always fear that you were going on writing to me only because you were lonely and had no one else. (L17-21)如果你對我的感情是真實的，是誠心誠意的，那我的相貌如何并不重要。設(shè)想我美麗動人。我將會一直深感不安，惟恐你只是因為我的容貌就貿(mào)然與我相愛，而這種愛情令我憎惡。設(shè)想本人相貌平平（你得承認(rèn)，這種可能性更大）。那我一直會擔(dān)心，你和我保持通信僅僅是出于孤獨寂寞，無人交談。9. take a chance (L19) run a risk; take a risk 冒險，投機，碰碰運氣The man often takes chances on horse-racing.You take a chance on the weather if you spend your holiday in the UK. 10. When the day finally came for him to return from Europe, they scheduled their first meeting. (L26) schedule: 安排，排定 v.be scheduled to do sth; be scheduled for sth.時間表，進(jìn)度表 n.胡錦濤主席下個月與英語首相會面。The President Hu is scheduled to meet with the British Prime Minister.on schedule按時，準(zhǔn)時ahead of schedule提前behind schedule落后于according to schedule 按照計劃11. So, at 7:00 p.m. he was in the station looking for a girl who had filled such a special place in his life for the past 12 months, a girl he had never seen, yet whose written words had been with him and sustained him unfailingly. (L31)-Translationsustain: 支撐；維持；蒙受，遭受12. A young woman was coming toward me, her figure long and slim. (L34)語法結(jié)構(gòu)：獨立主格 absolute construction不使用獨立主格，句子應(yīng)為：A young woman was coming toward me. Her figure was long and slim.A young woman was coming toward me and her figure was long and slim.獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是由一個名詞（或代詞）+現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語等構(gòu)成的。三個條件：1. 兩個句子的主語不同2. 兩個句子間不能有連詞來連接3. 兩個句子間用逗號，不是句號和分號The little girl entered the room, her face red with cold. The whole village was deadly silent, the on