代詞、名詞的數(shù).doc

代詞（一）指示代詞：this , that , these , those. this , that一般與可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)連用，而不與不可數(shù)名詞連用（但that可單獨(dú)指代不可數(shù)名詞）。that apple ( ) that meat ( )The weather in Sichuan is not so hot as _ in Guangzhou. that(二)人稱代詞、物主代詞和反身代詞 1）人稱代詞：主格、賓格（作主語為主格， 作賓語為賓格; 介+賓格）eg. 1)I thank you 2)You thank me.2）物主代詞：形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。一變(mymine); 二留(hishis itsits)三加s(youryours ; ourours ; herhers ; theirtheirs)用法：有名不名，無名是名eg. This is _（我的）book. This book is _（我的）. my ; mine3）反身代詞：某某自己；親自單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)yourselfyourselvesmyselfourselveshimselfthemselvesherselfitself反身代詞的常見搭配：1.enjoy oneself 玩得高興；過得愉快 2.hurt oneself 傷著自己3.teach oneself = learn by oneself 自學(xué)4.(all) by oneself （完全）獨(dú)立地5.help oneself to 請(qǐng)自便；隨便吃6.look after oneself 自理；照顧自己7.leave one by oneself 把單獨(dú)留下8.lose oneself in 陶醉于；沉浸于（三）不定代詞 1)some與any一般情況下，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句、疑問句（但表邀請(qǐng)、建議的問句中可用some此類句型常以could , would開頭） 2) many + 可數(shù) = a lot of : 許多much + 不可數(shù) （但a lot of不能用于否定句） 3) few , a few ; little , a little表否定表肯定可數(shù)few(幾乎沒有)a few(幾個(gè)；一些)不可數(shù)little(幾乎沒有)a little(一點(diǎn)兒少許).The story is easy to read. There are _new words in it. few.Hurry up! There is_ time left. little4) everyone / anyone 不加of no one 不加 ofnone of( )_ of us wants to read the book. BA. Everyone B. Every oneC. Nobody D. No one5）other ,another , others單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)泛指another三者以上的另一個(gè)定語主語、賓語othersomeothers特指onethe other一個(gè)另一個(gè)the others =the other+復(fù)名(另外的人或物).We study _ subjects besides Chinese. .May I have _ apple ?.These cups are clean. _ are dirty. .I have two pens. One is red , _ is blue. other ; another ; others ; the others另外注意：one another (三者以上的)相互 each other (兩者的)相互We should learn from each other(說明we指兩個(gè)人)They help one another (說明they指三個(gè)人以上) 6) 二者與三者復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)單數(shù)二者both(都)neither(都不)either(任何一個(gè))三者all(都)none(都不)any(任何一個(gè))注意：.both 否定 neither all 否定 none.both , all 不但作主語為復(fù)數(shù)，且被修飾的詞也為復(fù)數(shù)；neither , none作主語為單數(shù)，但none of + 復(fù)名，neither of + 復(fù)名( )1._ of my parents is a teacher. BA. None B. Neither C. Both D. All( )2.There are many trees on _ side of the river. CA. both B. any C. either D. allevery one / any one of7) each: (二者以上的)每個(gè)作主、賓、定）every: (三者以上的)每個(gè)只作定語）._ student in the class likes English._ of the students studied hard. Every ; Each練 習(xí)( )1._office is much smaller than _.A. Ours ; yours B. Our ; yoursC. Theirs ; our( )2. “Help_ to some meat.”my uncle said to me .A. themselves B. yourself C. yourselves( )3. There are twenty teachers in our school. Eight of them are men teachers and _ are women teachers.A. others B. the others C. another( )4.There isnt _ paper in the box. Will you go and get _ for me ?A. any ; some B. any ; any C. some ; any( )5.There are many trees on _ sides of the street.A. both B. all C. each( )6._ of them has a dictionary and _ one of them can look up words in it.A. Each ; every B. Every; each C. Every; every( )7. “When shall we meet, this afternoon or tonight?”“I dont mind. _ time is OK.A. Either B. Every C. Neither( )8.Would you like _ cup of tea?A. other B. the other C. another( )9.The two friends were so pleased to see each other that they forgot _.A. other everything B. anything elseC. everything else.( )10._ of his parents is a teacher.A. Both B. Neither C. None( )11.The river is very dirty. _ people go to swim in it.A. Few B. A few C. Little( )12.A friend of _ came to see _ yesterday.A. his ; his B. he ; him C. his ; him( )13.You cant leave your baby by _ at home.A. herself B. himself C. itself( )14. My father is very busy with his work. He has _ time to have a rest.A. little B. a little C. few( )15.I have three skirts. One is red. _ two are black.A. another B. the other C. the others( )16.Jack has _ friends here. So he often feels lonely.A. a little B. a few C. few( )17.Who teaches _ French?A. we B. our C. us( )18.The boys were all tired, but _ of them stopped to have a rest.A. any B. some C. none ( )19.Sorry, I cant answer your question. I know _ about the news.A. a little B. little C. few( )20.Hello, Bill! Help _ to a cake .Thanks .A. your B. yourself C. yourselves名詞的數(shù)1、可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞A、不可數(shù)名詞，初中階段常見的不可數(shù)名詞有：water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper(紙) ; time(時(shí)間); music ; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(魚肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可數(shù)或不可數(shù)). 不可數(shù)名詞應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1)前無數(shù)、冠，后無復(fù)數(shù)；作主語為三單.2)表量用約數(shù)some /any ; much ; a lot of 或用of短語eg. There is _ bread on the table. CA. a B. one C. a piece of D. many There is some_ on the plate. BA. apple B. fish C. milks D. deer2、可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)A、不規(guī)則變化：manmen ; womanwomen ;childchildrenpolicemanpolicemen EnglishmanEnglishmen FrenchmanFrenchmenfootfeet ; toothteeth mouse(鼠)mice B、規(guī)則變化1）s; sh; ch; x 結(jié)尾加 es 讀 iz 2) ce; se; ze; (d)ge 結(jié)尾加 seg. boxes b ksiz blouses blauziz 3)f (fe) 結(jié)尾則變f(fe)為v加es-讀vz eg. knives naivz 4) “輔+y”結(jié)尾變y為i加es 清就清s 5)一般加s 濁就濁z eg. booksbuks penspenz babiesbeibiz但注意以下幾點(diǎn)： potatopotatoes ; tomatotomatoes 單復(fù)同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese 由man , woman在詞首構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞應(yīng)將兩部分都變成復(fù)數(shù) man doctor men doctors reefreefs “某國(guó)人”的復(fù)數(shù)：中日不變英法變，其余s加后面. eg. GermanGermans people , police 常用單數(shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)概念 The police are looking for the missing boy.3、名詞所有格：名詞s (意思是 “的”)A.有生命的名詞所有格，一般在后加“s”但注意：1)表兩者共有則在后者加“s” Lucy and Lilys father 露西和莉莉的父親 Lucys and Lilys fathers露西的父親和莉莉的父親.2)以s結(jié)尾的詞只加“ ”eg. 1) the boys books 2) James father3)無生命的名詞所有格用of來引導(dǎo)eg. the leg of the desk4)雙重所有格：a friend of my fathers a friend of mine ( ) a friend of my( )練 習(xí)一、寫出下列詞的復(fù)數(shù) 1.book_ 2.bus _ 3.orange _4.baby_ 5.boy_ 6.my _7.his_ 8.knife_ 9.watch_10.sheep _ 11. tooth _ 12. leaf _13.German_ 14.Chinese_二、選擇正確的答案( )1.Are those _?-No, they arent. Theyre _.A. sheep ; cows B. sheep ; cowC. sheeps ; cow D. sheeps ; cows( )2.Mum, Im quite thirsty. Please give me _.A. two orange B. two bottles of orangeC. two bottles orange D. two bottles of oranges( )3.I have got _ news from my friend. Do you want to know?A. a very good B. anyC. a piece of D. two pieces( )4._ room is on the 5th floor.A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and LilysC. Lucys and Lily D. Lucys and Lilys( )5.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a _ to his office.A. 20 minutes walk B. 20 minutes walkC. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk( )6.This is James Allan Green. We can call him _.A. Mr. Green B. Mr. AllanC. Mr. James D. James Green( )7.Jack and Tom are _.A. good friends B. good friendC. a good friend D. good a friend( )8.Its only about ten _ walk to the nearest post office.A. minutes B. minutes C. minutes D. minute( )9.He often has _ for breakfast.A. two breads B. two piece of breadsC. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads( )10.Mrs. Green has two _. Theyre very bright.A. childs B. child C. childrens D. children( )11.What did the headmaster say about Jims _.A. two months holiday B. two months holidayC. two-month holiday D. two months holidays( )12.I wont go there with you, for I have a lot of _ to do.A. works B. job C. work D. working( )13.Li Lei is a friend of _.A. I sister B. my sisters C. me sister D. my sister of( )14.Have you read _?A. todays B. today paperC. the todays paper D. todays paper( )15.How many _ are there in the room?A. boxes B. box