人教版高一英語(yǔ)必修三專題之 學(xué)海探究 學(xué)案：Unit2 SectionⅡ.doc

課堂探究1however，as she was so afraid of being laughed at by her friends，she did not consult a doctor but lived on a diet of rice，raw vegetables，bananas and lemons.然而，因?yàn)樗侨绱藫?dān)心受到朋友們的嘲笑，她沒(méi)有去咨詢醫(yī)生，而是靠吃米飯、生蔬菜、香蕉和檸檬為生?？键c(diǎn)：consult vt./vi.咨詢；請(qǐng)教；查閱（常指對(duì)方比自己更具權(quán)威）高考典句when the ashleys tried to make her return，mumbet consulted a lawyer，theodore sedgewick.當(dāng)ashleys試圖讓她回來(lái)時(shí)，mumbet向一位名叫theodore sedgewick的律師請(qǐng)教。ill have to consult the plane time table first.我得先查閱飛機(jī)時(shí)刻表。考點(diǎn)延伸 （1）閱讀下列句子，指出consult的詞組及含義ill consult my professor about the problem.就這個(gè)問(wèn)題我將請(qǐng)教我的教授。詞組：_含義：_i need to consult with my classmates on the plan.我需要和我的同學(xué)商量這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。詞組：_含義：_when you come across a new word，you can consult a dictionary.當(dāng)你遇到生詞時(shí)，你可以查閱詞典。詞組：_含義：_（2）閱讀下列句子，指出黑體詞的詞性、詞組及含義the decision was made in consultation with union members.這項(xiàng)決定是與工會(huì)會(huì)員們協(xié)商后作出的。詞性：_含義：_詞組：_含義：_were open to suggestions，but we will not hire a consultant.我們會(huì)接受外界的建議，但我們不會(huì)聘請(qǐng)顧問(wèn)。詞性：_含義：_即學(xué)即用用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空（1）youd better consult _your family before you make the decision.（2）he had to consult his teacher _how to solve the math problem.（3）we should act _ consultation with the director.同義句改寫（4）i consulted the telephone book for his address.i _ _ his address _ the telephone book.翻譯句子（5）he is in consultation and cannot come to the phone._2grammar情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：ought to/ought not to，have to/dont have to/mustnt/neednt以及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞完成式的用法。（1）ought toaought to無(wú)人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，其否定式為ought not to/oughtnt to，疑問(wèn)式為：ought i/you/he to.？常譯作“應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)”。語(yǔ)氣比should稍重一些。表示有責(zé)任、義務(wù)等。語(yǔ)法填空我是他的老師，我應(yīng)該照顧他。im his teacher.i ought _（take）care of him.他們正在上課，你不應(yīng)該在這里大聲吵鬧。they are having a class.you _ make such noise here.ought i _ write to say thank you?我應(yīng)該寫信致謝嗎？yes，you ought（to）是的，你應(yīng)該。b含有ought to的反意疑問(wèn)句，陳述部分是肯定時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用shouldnt/oughtnt主語(yǔ)。he ought to know what to do，_ he?他應(yīng)該知道做什么，是嗎？c表示推測(cè)，多指按照常理的一種推測(cè)，意為“按理應(yīng)該”。翻譯句子it is already 9 oclock；he ought to be in his office now.翻譯：_（2）have to通常指由于客觀原因而不得不做某事，意思為“不得不，必須”。there is no bus now.i have to go home on foot.現(xiàn)在沒(méi)車了。我不得不步行回家。注意：have to與一般情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的不同點(diǎn)a一般情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，而且所用的時(shí)態(tài)也受到一定的限制，而have to有人稱和數(shù)的變化，可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)中。he has to admit the idea of marriage scares him.（用于_ 人稱_ 數(shù)_時(shí)態(tài)）we will have to put off the sports meeting because of the bad weather.（用于_ 人稱_ 數(shù)_時(shí)態(tài)）they had had to consider it carefully before they made a decision.（用于_ 人稱_ 數(shù)_時(shí)態(tài)）b否定句和疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成方式不同have to的否定句和疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成需要借助于助動(dòng)詞do的適當(dāng)形式或助動(dòng)詞will，而不可以在have后面加not。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思用have to的適當(dāng)形式完成句子you _ head for the meeting room so early.there are 30 minutes left.你沒(méi)必要那么早去會(huì)議室，還有30分鐘。_ do it as you told her?她必須按照你告訴她的來(lái)做此事嗎？he has to do a parttime job for his schooling，_？他不得不做一份兼職工作來(lái)付學(xué)費(fèi)，是嗎？（3）mustntamust的否定式must not/mustnt，表示“不允許”或“禁止”。翻譯句子you mustnt tell him the news.翻譯：_the magazines mustnt be taken out of the reading room.翻譯：_b在否定回答may i.？這樣的問(wèn)句時(shí)，常用mustnt表示“禁止”“不允許”。語(yǔ)法填空may i park here？我可以在這里停車嗎？no，you _.不，絕不可以。（4）needntaneednt表示“不必”。neednt的同義結(jié)構(gòu)是dont have to。同義句轉(zhuǎn)換you neednt drive so fast.you _ _ _ drive so fast.你不必開(kāi)這么快。b否定回答must問(wèn)句時(shí)，用neednt或dont have to，表示“不必”。語(yǔ)法填空must we hand our homework in after class?課后我們必須交上作業(yè)嗎？no，you _.不，不必。（5）“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have done”用法歸納amust have done在肯定句中，must have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生過(guò)的情況肯定性的判斷、推測(cè)。語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)。完成句子你怎么又遲到了？你一定是睡過(guò)頭了。how can you be late again？you _.bmay/might have donemay/might have done主要用于肯定句，也可用于否定句，但不用于疑問(wèn)句。語(yǔ)氣比must have done弱，意思為“可能”。翻譯句子he may have missed the train.翻譯：_if you had studied hard，you might have passed the exam.翻譯：_ccan have donecan have done主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句，很少用于肯定句。翻譯句子where is jack？where can he have gone?翻譯：_dcould have donecould have done可以用于各種句型，即肯定句、否定句、疑問(wèn)句。翻譯句子we could have arrived there before dark，but we didnt.翻譯：_ecant/couldnt/mightnt have done對(duì)已發(fā)生事情沒(méi)有把握的推斷，意為“不可能或可能不”。完成句子他不可能錯(cuò)過(guò)火車。他已按時(shí)到達(dá)了。he _ the train.he has arrived on time.他不可能去了紐約，我剛才在閱覽室見(jiàn)到他了。he _ to new york.i met him in the reading room just now.fshould have doneshould have done表示過(guò)去本應(yīng)該做，但實(shí)際上沒(méi)做。翻譯句子you should have told me earlier or i might have gone with them.翻譯：_gshouldnt have doneshouldnt have done在形式上是否定，但表達(dá)的是肯定的意思，即表示過(guò)去本不應(yīng)該做，而實(shí)際上做了。語(yǔ)法填空you _ blamed her in public.你本不應(yīng)該當(dāng)眾批評(píng)她的。hought to have doneought to have done在含義上相當(dāng)于should have done，但語(yǔ)氣更重一些。翻譯句子as her best friend，i ought to have visited her last week.but i was too busy.翻譯：_ioughtnt to have doneoughtnt to have done在含義上相當(dāng)于shouldnt have done，但語(yǔ)氣更重一些。語(yǔ)法填空you _ have spent so much time playing computer games.你本不應(yīng)該花那么多時(shí)間玩電腦游戲。jneednt have doneneednt have done表示過(guò)去本沒(méi)有必要做，但實(shí)際上做了。翻譯句子its so near！we neednt have taken a taxi.翻譯：_即學(xué)即用語(yǔ)法填空（1）what do you think we can do for our aged parents?you dont have _ do anything except to be with them and be yourself.（2）you _ read that book if you dont want to.（3）my cat is really fat.you_ have given her so much food.（4）as you worked very late yesterday，you neednt _（come）this morning.（5）may i feel the glasstube on the table?no，you _.chemical drugs are stored in it.（6）dont forget to come to my wedding tomorrow.no，i_.（7）im sorry.i _ have shouted at you the other day.forget it.i was a bit out of control myself.（8）what sort of house do you want to have？something big?well，it _ be bigthats not important.（9）there were already 5 people in the car，but they managed to take me as well.it _ have been a comfortable journey.（10）i parked my car right here but now its gone.it must _（steal）參考答案1consult sb about sth就某事向某人咨詢consult with sb與某人交換意見(jiàn)（商議）consult a dictionary查閱詞典名詞磋商/咨詢in consultation with與協(xié)商名詞（商業(yè)、法律等方面的）顧問(wèn)即學(xué)即用：（1）with（2）on/about（3）in（4）looked up；in（5）他在商議事情，抽不出身來(lái)接電話。2to takeoughtnt totooughtnt/shouldnt已經(jīng)九點(diǎn)了，他現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該在辦公室里。第三；單；現(xiàn)在第一；復(fù)；將來(lái)第三；復(fù)；過(guò)去完成dont have todoes she have todoesnt he你一定不要把此消息告訴他。不許把這些雜志拿出閱覽室。mustntdont have toneedntmust have overslept他可能沒(méi)趕上火車。