2021版新高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit16Stories學(xué)案北師大版.docx

Unit 16 Stories一、語基必備知識(shí)(一)重點(diǎn)詞匯分類記憶.閱讀詞匯知其意1victim n受害者2criteria n(pl.) (評(píng)判的)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)3architecture n. 建筑4authentic adj. 原作的，真正的5monument n. 紀(jì)念碑，紀(jì)念堂6sorrow n. 悲傷，難過7vivid adj. 生動(dòng)的，逼真的8hardship n. 艱苦，困苦9tease vt. 嘲笑，取笑10superb adj. 出色的，卓越的11former adj. 以前的12precious adj. 寶貴的，珍貴的13sweetness n. 甜蜜，溫柔14tense adj. 緊張的15clumsy adj. 笨拙的；不得體的16tiresome adj. 討厭的，令人厭倦的.核心詞匯寫其形1abandon vt. 放棄，遺棄2witness v. 目擊3tremble vi. 顫抖，發(fā)抖4loss n. 遺失，失去，丟失5awesome adj. 令人敬畏的6sympathy n. 同情7burst vi. 爆炸；沖，闖8specific adj. 詳細(xì)的；特定的9origin n. 起源，開端；出身10severe adj. 嚴(yán)重的；嚴(yán)厲的11stubborn adj. 倔強(qiáng)的，固執(zhí)的12complex adj. 復(fù)雜的13breakthrough n. 突破，重大發(fā)現(xiàn)14uncertain adj. 不確定的15awkward adj. 笨拙的；令人不舒服的16gather vi.& vt. 聚集.拓展詞匯通其變1preserve vt.保護(hù)，保存preservation n保護(hù)，保存2occur vi.發(fā)生occurrence n發(fā)生3particularly adv.特別地；特定地particular adj.特別的；特定的；特有的4significance n重要性，意義significant adj.重要的，重大的；影響深遠(yuǎn)的5discourage vt.使泄氣，使灰心discouraging adj.令人沮喪的discouraged adj.失去信心的discouragement n泄氣encouragement n鼓勵(lì)(反義詞)6suffering n痛苦，困難suffer v遭受；患(某種病)7admirable adj.令人欽佩的，極佳的admire vt.佩服，稱贊admiration n佩服，稱贊8restriction n限制，約束restrict vt.限制，約束restricted adj.有限的，受限制的restrictive adj.受限的9unbearable adj.不能忍受的bearable adj.可忍受的(反義詞)bear v忍耐10eager adj.渴望的，熱衷的eagerly adv.渴望地eagerness n渴望11expand v擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)充expansion n擴(kuò)大；膨脹12warmth n溫暖warm adj.溫暖的warmly adv.溫暖地13abnormal adj.反常的，不正常的normal adj.正常的，通常的(反義詞)normally adv.通常，一般14applaud vi.& vt.鼓掌applause n鼓掌15apparent adj.明顯的，顯而易見的apparently adv.顯然地1.“價(jià)值”形容詞知多少precious 寶貴的，珍貴的valuable 有價(jià)值的worth 有價(jià)值的worthy 有價(jià)值的priceless 無價(jià)的worthless/valueless 無價(jià)值的2.后綴“some”形容詞集錦troublesome引起麻煩的handsome 英俊的awesome 令人敬畏的boresome 煩人的fearsome 可怕的tiresome 討厭的3.趣味“合成詞”薈萃breakthrough n突破，重大發(fā)現(xiàn)pickpocket n. 扒手daybreak n. 破曉sunrise n. 日出bathroom n. 浴室webpage n. 網(wǎng)頁(二)重點(diǎn)短語記牢用活1come_into_view出現(xiàn)2knock_sb.over 撞倒某人3once_upon_a_time 從前4block_out 堵住5in_a_way 從某種程度上說6on_ones_side 側(cè)身7split_up (使)解散；決裂8name.after 以的名字給某人/某物命名9come_across 偶然遇見，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)10hold_up 支撐起；延誤，推遲11count_on 依靠12figure_out 理解13end_up 以結(jié)束，以告終14put_up_with 容忍，忍受15in_particular 特別，尤其16refer_to 查閱；提到；涉及；提交17on_the_way_to 在去的路上18pay_rise 增加工資1.“v.out”短語萬花筒try out嘗試run out 用完work out 算出；解決；鍛煉figure out 算出；理解leave out 省略；遺漏；不考慮pick out 挑選；區(qū)別出2.“inn.”結(jié)構(gòu)薈萃in case以防萬一in danger 處于危險(xiǎn)中in short/brief 總而言之in vain 徒勞的in particular 特別，尤其in relief 如釋重負(fù)3.“v.up”短語聯(lián)想split up(使)解散；決裂set up 建立end up 以結(jié)束，以告終pay up 付清cut up 切碎link up 聯(lián)合，連接(三)重點(diǎn)句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：as if引導(dǎo)表語從句Another man, lying on his side, looks as_if he is trying to get up.躺在他旁邊的另一個(gè)人看上去好像在試圖站立起來。句型2：now that意為“既然，由于”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句Now_that Helen understood the key to language，she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.既然海倫理解了語言之謎，她非常渴望學(xué)習(xí)更多的詞語并且盡可能多地使用它們。句型3：unless意為“除非，如果不”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless I touched it.她的話讓我感到非常困惑，因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)我若不用手觸摸就什么都不理解。句型4：It is/was序數(shù)詞time (that).It_was_the_first_time Helen had_understood such a complex worda word for something she couldnt touch.這是海倫第一次明白這樣一個(gè)復(fù)雜的詞一個(gè)她觸摸不到的東西的含義。二、語境強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練.語境填詞根據(jù)提示寫出該詞的適當(dāng)形式1(2018全國卷)Some of us were confident and eager(渴望的) to take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious.2The plot in this novel is so complex(復(fù)雜的) that many people cant understand it well.3It would be irresponsible of me not to advise my company to abandon(放棄) this project.4I was so heavily overweight that I suffered a lot from my awkward(尷尬的) appearance.5(2018全國卷)Our school has witnessed(目擊) great changes in the last few years.6According to the law, the sale of alcohol is restricted(restrict) to people under the age of 18.7(全國卷)When I handed him the gift card，saying he could use it for whatever his family might need, he burst(burst) into tears.8(2017全國卷)For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving(preserve) their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.9He searched for a way to increase rice harvest without expanding(expand) the area of the fields.10It is significant(significance) that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet.派生詞練習(xí)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1Please give a warm welcome to our guests.If we say “Hello” to them warmly,_they will sense the warmth from our smile.(warm)2We should give the students much encouragement,_for they will get discouraged when criticized too often.But now we should focus on discouraging them from smoking.(discourage)3Its hard to try to work in such a restricted space and the conditions restrict the childrens chances for play, so many people think life here is too restrictive(restrict)4The girl is eager to know something about the star.Now she is waiting eagerly outside the hall, from whose face we can see the eagerness(eager)5She is not rich, but she is particular about her clothes. She likes red coats particularly(particular).選詞成篇on ones side; hold oneself up; come across; put up with; now that; figure outOne cold winter day, I 1.came_across an old man lying 2.on_his_side on the road. It seemed that he couldnt 3hold_himself_up. Perhaps he couldnt 4.put_up_with the cold weather. 5.Now_that I saw him, I decided to help him whether I 6.figured_out what happened to him or e into view; knock over; block out; in particular; on the way to7On_the_way_to the supermarket, an ambulance 8.came_into_view and many people surrounded it. The road was 9.blocked_out. I stopped to find what had happened.I was told that an old lady had been 10.knocked_over by a truck when crossing the road. She was badly hurt, 11.in_particular in her legs, but she still could put up with the pain. Immediately she was sent to the nearest hospital.完成句子1這個(gè)留著長頭發(fā)的年輕男子看起來好像是個(gè)女人。The young man with long hair looks as if he_were_a_woman2既然大家都來了，讓我們開始會(huì)議吧。Now_that/Since_everyone_is_here,_lets begin our meeting.3除非被邀請(qǐng)，否則他是不會(huì)回公司的。Unless_invited,_he will not come back to the company.4這是你第二次遲到了。It was the second time that you had_come/been late. abandonvt.拋棄；離棄；放棄；停止做(某事)n放縱，放任；盡情基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空a.(2017全國卷)However, these plans were_abandoned(abandon) because of financial problems.b(2018全國卷) Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned(abandon) bricks of different ages.(2018天津卷) I will never abandon reaching(reach) the top of the “mountain” because I want to be successful in life.能力提升完成句子/句式升級(jí)(普通表達(dá))He abandoned_himself_to_playing_computer_games(沉迷于玩電腦游戲) and didnt pass the exam.(高級(jí)表達(dá))Abandoning_himself_to_playing_computer_games,_he didnt pass the exam.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)(高級(jí)表達(dá))Abandoned_to_playing_computer_games，he didnt pass the exam.(過去分詞短語作狀語)(1)abandon doing sth.放棄做某事abandon oneself to doing sth. 沉湎于做某事；放縱(感情)于做某事(2)with abandon 縱情；放任地(3)abandoned adj. 拋棄了的；廢棄的；放縱的佳句背誦 At the party, people sang and danced with abandon, totally forgetting the troubles in their lives.聚會(huì)上，人們盡情地唱歌、跳舞，把生活中的煩惱拋到了九霄云外。詞塊助記 an abandoned farm廢棄的農(nóng)場(chǎng)abandon an animal 遺棄動(dòng)物abandon the match because of rain 因?yàn)橄掠曛兄沽吮荣?preservevt.保護(hù)；維護(hù)；保存(使免受破壞)；保留n保護(hù)區(qū)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction.Some suggestions are made at the meeting that these traditional customs(should)_be_preserved(preserve) and handed down one generation after another.能力提升句式升級(jí)(普通表達(dá))Because they are wellpreserved in the nature preserve, pandas live a happy life.(高級(jí)表達(dá))Wellpreserved_in_the_nature_preserve,_pandas live a happy life.(分詞作狀語)(1)preserve.from.保護(hù)免受(2)nature preserve 自然保護(hù)區(qū)(3)wellpreserved adj. 保存良好的 佳句背誦 It is well known that Shennongjia is one of the beautiful nature preserves, attracting thousands of visitors every day.眾所周知，神農(nóng)架是一個(gè)美麗的自然保護(hù)區(qū)，每天吸引成千上萬的游客。名師點(diǎn)津 “一字”之差：(1)preserve vt.保護(hù)；維護(hù)(2)reserve v保留；儲(chǔ)備；預(yù)定 witnessvt.當(dāng)場(chǎng)見到；目擊n目擊者；證人；證據(jù)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(上海卷)The late twentieth century witnessed(witness) the rapid development of Chinas economy.What the police did first was to interview all the witnesses(witness) to the accident last week.能力提升完成句子(2018全國卷)我們將見證我們學(xué)校的榮耀，我們一起成長。We_will_witness_the_glory_of_our_school，and we are growing together.(1)witness sth./that.目擊witness to (doing) sth. 證實(shí)/證明(做)某事(2)a witness of/to sth. 某事的證人/證明 佳句背誦 Our city witnesses four different seasons, plenty of sunshine and good rainfall, but in winter you may feel a little cold.我們的城市見證了四個(gè)不同的季節(jié)，陽光充足、雨量充沛，但在冬天你可能會(huì)覺得有點(diǎn)冷。 occurvi.發(fā)現(xiàn)，出現(xiàn)；(想法、念頭等)想起，浮現(xiàn)；發(fā)生基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空A perfect idea occurred to us that we would give a handmade gift to our teacher for the coming Teachers Day.a.The accident is reported to_have_occurred(occur) on the first Sunday in February.bIn the next 30 years, we could see more heat waves like the one now occurring(occur) in the US.It never occurred to her to_ask(ask) for anyone when she was in trouble.能力提升一句多譯他忽然想起他把鑰匙忘在辦公室里了。It_occurred_to_him_that he had left his keys in the office.It_hit/struck_him_that he had left his keys in the office.sth. occurs to sb. 某事浮現(xiàn)在某人的腦海中；某人想到某事It occurs to sb.that. 某人突然想起It occurs to sb.to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事。 名師點(diǎn)津 (1)occur是不及物動(dòng)詞，所以不能帶賓語，也不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。(2)occur的過去式和過去分詞形式要雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母，即occurred。(3)表達(dá)“某人突然想起”的句型還有：sth. hits/strikes sb.It hits/strikes sb. that從句sb. comes up with sth. burstvi.(burst，burst)爆裂；爆發(fā)n突然破裂；爆發(fā)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空I was teaching foreigners to learn Beijing Opera when a group of pupils burst_inHe burst into the room without knocking at the door，which made me very angry.能力提升完成句子/句式升級(jí)看到她的同學(xué)因?yàn)樗薮赖腻e(cuò)誤哄堂大笑，她突然哭了起來。(普通表達(dá))When she saw her classmates burst_into_laughter because of her foolish mistakes, she burst_into_tears. (高級(jí)表達(dá))Seeing_her_classmates_burst_out_laughing because of her foolish mistakes, she burst_out_crying(burst out；分詞作狀語)(1)突然哭起來/笑起來(2)burst in/into 闖入，突然破門而入(3)burst with anger 勃然大怒(4)a burst of 一陣佳句背誦 When the professor entered the lecture hall, there was a burst of applause.當(dāng)教授走進(jìn)演講大廳時(shí)，突然爆發(fā)出一陣掌聲。名師點(diǎn)津 (1)burst in中的in是副詞，后面不接賓語；(2)burst into中的into是介詞，后面應(yīng)接賓語。 discouragev阻止；打消的念頭基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空a.(2017浙江卷6月)Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera. Dont get discouraged(courage)bInstead of seeing the setback as something discouraging_(discourage), just accept it as a part of the journey.(湖南卷)Do not let any failures discourage(courage) you, for you can never tell how close you may be to victory.能力提升完成句子Parents should encourage_their_children_to_overcome_difficulties(鼓勵(lì)他們的孩子克服困難) and inspire them to develop by themselves.We tried to discourage_him_from_climbing_the_mountain(阻止他爬山) without a guide.(1)discourage sb. from doing sth. 勸某人不要做某事； 使某人失去做某事的信心(2)discouraged adj. 沮喪的，灰心喪氣的discouraging adj. 令人泄氣的；令人沮喪的(3)encourage vt. 鼓勵(lì)encourage sb.to do sth. 鼓勵(lì)某人做某事 佳句背誦 He tried to balance his study and rest and find the way to get out of difficult situation because he believed nothing could discourage him from pursuing his dream.他試著平衡學(xué)習(xí)和休息， 找到走出困境的方法， 因?yàn)樗嘈艣]有什么可以使他失去追逐夢(mèng)想的信心。 eageradj.渴望的，熱衷的基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空The new president is eager that the project (should)_be_started(start) early.“So what do you think will happen？”he asked eagerly(eager)(浙江卷)Believe it or not, he or she is on your side and is eager to_see(see) you do well.能力提升一句多譯我的朋友工作一直很努力，渴望得到老板的贊許。My friend，who has been working hard，is_eager_for her bosss approval.Eager_for_her_bosss_approval，my friend has been working hard.(形容詞短語作狀語)(1)be eager to do sth.渴望做某事be eager for sth. 急于得到某物be eager that. 渴望從句中常用虛擬語氣：(should)動(dòng)詞原形(2)eagerly adv. 渴望地 佳句背誦 The staff will be eager to help you through every step of the job search process.那里的員工會(huì)很熱心地指導(dǎo)你求職中的每個(gè)步驟。 expandvt.擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)充，增加；細(xì)談；詳述基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空His modest business eventually expanded into a supermarket empire.The professor will expand on this point in the next chapter.Expanding(expand) your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice.Their expanding(expand) business became a large corporation in 2017.The industry has just gone through a period of rapid expansion(expand)(1)expand into(使)擴(kuò)大成expand on/upon 詳述；詳細(xì)闡明(2)expansion n. 擴(kuò)大expanding adj. 擴(kuò)大的；擴(kuò)展的 佳句背誦 As your horizons expand, these new ideas can give a whole new meaning to life.隨著眼界不斷開闊，這些新觀念會(huì)為生活賦予全新的意義。 in a way從某一角度看；在某種程度上基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)用way的相關(guān)短語填空In_a_way,_the computer plays a more and more important role in our life and work.Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always in_the_way whenever she tries to.He decided that he would drive all_the_way home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.能力提升完成句子只有這樣他們才能獨(dú)立成長、真正成功。Only_in_this_way_can_they_grow_up to be independent and become truly successful.all the way 一路上；自始至終；完全by the way 順便說一下in the way 擋道；妨礙in this way 用這種方法in no way 一點(diǎn)也不；決不(放在句首須部分倒裝)on the way to. 在去途中 佳句背誦 In a way, Im glad that you made that mistake, for it will serve as a warning to you.從某一角度看，我很高興你犯了那個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)檫@對(duì)你是個(gè)警告。 come across偶然遇見基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(2017天津卷)It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.I really dont know how it came about that she was fired by her boss.It is said that the singers new album will come out in two months.能力提升句型轉(zhuǎn)換When they were having a heated discussion, a creative plan came up at the meeting.When they were having a heated discussion, someone came_up_with a creative plan at the e about發(fā)生come out 出版；出來；開花come up 走近；上來；發(fā)芽；被提及come up with 想出；提出 佳句背誦 Look around and appreciate excellence whenever you come across it, and learn what you can from it.環(huán)顧四周，每當(dāng)你碰到優(yōu)秀的都要欣賞它，并從中學(xué)習(xí)。名師點(diǎn)津表示“偶然遇見”的短語還有：(1)run into; (2)run across；(3)knock into; (4)meet with hold up舉起；延誤，阻滯；支撐一詞多義寫出下列句中hold up的含義Hold up your right hand. Now, count down from ten, starting with your thumb.舉起There are two large wooden supports that hold up the roof.支撐I missed meeting my boss at the airport because my car was held up in the traffic jam.延誤能力提升完成句子Can you hold_on(別掛電話)? Ill see if the manager is in the office.Im sure my dream will come true as long as I hold_on_to(堅(jiān)持) it.hold back阻止；抑制；隱瞞hold on 堅(jiān)持住；等一下(別掛斷)hold on to 抓緊；保持；不放棄hold out 伸出；維持；保持 佳句背誦 The fight would have been avoided if either of you had been able to hold back your anger.如果任何一方能控制住怒火的話，這場(chǎng)爭斗本來是可以避免的。 refer to查閱，參考；談到，提起；涉及，指的是一詞多義寫出下列句中refer to的含義(2019全國卷)The trend, then, was toward the “penny paper”a term referring to papers made widely available to the public.指的是If necessary, you may refer to your notes while making a speech.查閱The scientist referred to global warming at least three times in his speech.提到能力提升完成句子/句式升級(jí)任正非被稱為中國最優(yōu)秀的企業(yè)家之一。新聞里提到的那個(gè)人就是他。Ren Zhengfei is_referred_to_as one of the greatest entrepreneurs in China. The person referred_to in the news is him.The person_referred_to_in_the_news_is_Ren_Zhengfei,_who_is_referred_to_as_one_of_the_greatest_entrepreneurs_in_China(過去分詞短語作定語和非限制性定語從句)(1)refer to.as.將稱為(2)reference n. 提及；參考；查閱佳句背誦 Youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future reference.你最好把那家餐廳的號(hào)碼寫下來，以備日后參考。(江西卷)Dont always refer to the dictionary when coming across new words.Only if a word is very important can you look it up in your dictionary.當(dāng)遇到生詞時(shí)不要總是查詞典，只有當(dāng)一個(gè)單詞非常重要時(shí)，你才可以在詞典中查閱。名師點(diǎn)津 “查詞典”，表達(dá)方式卻不同： refer to a dictionary, look sth.up in the dictionary。 put up with容忍；忍受基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)用put的相關(guān)短語填空A suggestion has been put_forward that we should recycle the textbooks.We are trying to put_aside some money every month for our vacation.能力提升詞匯升級(jí)(普通表達(dá))Hell have to find some other work for he cant stand/bear this loud noise any more.(高級(jí)表達(dá))Hell have to find some other work for he cant put_up_with/tolerate this loud noise any more.put aside 節(jié)省；儲(chǔ)蓄；儲(chǔ)存put away 收起來put forward 提出建議；把向前撥put off 延期；推遲put out 熄滅；撲滅put up 提出；推薦；留某人住下 佳句背誦 In that case, we will have to learn to put up with some of his shortcomings and try to discover his advantages.那樣，我們就不得不學(xué)會(huì)忍受他的一些缺點(diǎn)并努力試圖發(fā)現(xiàn)他的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 now that意為“既然，由于”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句(教材P11)Now that Helen understood the key to language，she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.既然海倫理解了語言之謎，她非常渴望學(xué)習(xí)更多的詞語并且盡可能多地使用它們。能力提升完成句子既然你已經(jīng)長大了，你可以自己做決定了。Now_that_youve_grown_up，you can make up your mind by yourself.(2017全國卷)既然你知道為什么你想醒來，考慮重新安排早上的活動(dòng)吧。Now_that_you_know_why_you_want_to_wake_up,_consider rearranging your morning activities.now that“既然，由于”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，相當(dāng)于since，that可以省略。 佳句背誦 Now that there are many choices in life, one does not have to stare at one place and do one thing.既然現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有好多種人生選擇了，一個(gè)人大可不必非得死盯在一個(gè)地方，死做一件事情。Now that you have finished your homework, you can play basketball.既然你已經(jīng)完成了家庭作業(yè)，你就可以打籃球了。 unless意為“除非，如果不”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句(教材P11)Her words puzzled me very much be