X00020002 第8章 命令行操作基礎(chǔ)

命令行操作基礎(chǔ),ISSUE1.0,日期：,杭州華三通信技術(shù)有限公司版權(quán)所有，未經(jīng)授權(quán)不得使用與傳播,可以通過(guò)Console、AUX、Telnet和SSH多種途徑,搭建網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備配置環(huán)境H3CComware在上述配置方法中使用的命令行采用了配置權(quán)限的分級(jí)控制,引入,掌握配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備的基本方法掌握分級(jí)命令行的使用方法掌握網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備的常用配置命令,課程目標(biāo),學(xué)習(xí)完本課程，您應(yīng)該能夠：,配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備的方法命令行使用入門常用的命令配置遠(yuǎn)程登錄,目錄,訪問(wèn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備命令行接口的方法,通過(guò)Console口本地訪問(wèn)通過(guò)AUX口遠(yuǎn)程訪問(wèn)使用Telnet終端訪問(wèn)使用SSH終端訪問(wèn)通過(guò)異步串口訪問(wèn),使用Console口進(jìn)行連接,Console線纜,Router/Switch,終端,Console口,串口,創(chuàng)建新連接,選擇COM口,設(shè)置屬性參數(shù),進(jìn)入設(shè)備配置界面,使用AUX口進(jìn)行連接,Router/Switch,終端,PSTN,Modem,Modem,AUX口,串口,使用Telnet進(jìn)行連接,主機(jī),Router/Switch,IP網(wǎng)絡(luò),Telnet客戶端,Telnet服務(wù)器,網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口,網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口,SSH介紹,SSH（SecureShell，安全外殼）在無(wú)安全保證的網(wǎng)絡(luò)上提供安全的遠(yuǎn)程登錄等服務(wù)由傳輸協(xié)議、驗(yàn)證協(xié)議和連接協(xié)議三部分組成使用TCP端口22提供Password和Publickey兩種驗(yàn)證方式,PSTN/ISDN,主機(jī),Router/Switch,IP網(wǎng)絡(luò),SSH客戶端,SSH服務(wù)器,配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備的方法命令行使用入門常用的命令配置遠(yuǎn)程登錄,目錄,命令視圖,用戶視圖設(shè)備啟動(dòng)后的缺省視圖,可查看啟動(dòng)后基本運(yùn)行狀態(tài)和統(tǒng)計(jì)信息系統(tǒng)視圖配置系統(tǒng)全局通用參數(shù)的視圖路由協(xié)議視圖配置路由協(xié)議參數(shù)的視圖接口視圖配置接口參數(shù)的視圖用戶界面視圖配置登陸設(shè)備的各個(gè)用戶屬性的視圖,各種視圖之間的關(guān)系,用戶視圖,用戶界面視圖,接口視圖,路由協(xié)議視圖,VLAN視圖,用可以從任意視圖直接回到用戶視圖,以任意方式登錄命令行,system-view,quit,user-interface命令,quit,interface命令,quit,router命令,quit,vlan命令,quit,系統(tǒng)視圖,使用命令視圖,*Copyright(c)2004-2007HangzhouH3CTech.Co.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.*Withouttheownerspriorwrittenconsent,*nodecompilingorreverse-engineeringshallbeallowed.*Userinterfacecon0isavailable.PleasepressENTER.%Apr2216:44:16:8022008H3CSHELL/4/LOGIN:Consoleloginfromcon0system-viewSystemView:returntoUserViewwithCtrl+Z.H3CinterfaceGigabitEthernet0/0H3C-GigabitEthernet0/0descriptionto_MyPCH3C-GigabitEthernet0/0ipaddH3C-GigabitEthernet0/0quitH3Cuser-interfacevty04H3C-ui-vty0-4authentication-modescheme,命令級(jí)別,訪問(wèn)級(jí)（0級(jí)）網(wǎng)絡(luò)診斷工具命令、從本設(shè)備出發(fā)訪問(wèn)外部設(shè)備的命令監(jiān)控級(jí)（1級(jí)）用于系統(tǒng)維護(hù)、業(yè)務(wù)故障診斷的命令系統(tǒng)級(jí)（2級(jí)）業(yè)務(wù)配置命令管理級(jí)（3級(jí)）關(guān)系到系統(tǒng)基本運(yùn)行，系統(tǒng)支撐模塊的命令,用戶級(jí)別,命令行幫助特性,?Userviewcommands:backupBackupnextstartup-configurationfiletoTFTPserverboot-loaderSetbootloaderbootromUpdate/read/backup/restorebootromcdChangecurrentdirectoryclockSpecifythesystemclockcopyCopyfromonefiletoanotherdebuggingEnablesystemdebuggingfunctionsdeleteDeleteafiledialerDialerdisconnectdirListfilesonafilesystemdisplayShowrunningsysteminformationfixdiskRecoverlostchainsinstoragedeviceformatFormatthedevicefreeClearuserterminalinterfaceftpOpenFTPconnectiongraceful-restartRestartLDPprotocollanguage-modeSpecifythelanguageenvironmentlicenseSoftwarelicenseinformation-More-,Sysnameinterfacevlan?VLANinterfacenumberSysnameinterfacevlan1?,命令行幫助特性（續(xù)）,di?dialerdirdisplaydis?displaydisdisplaydisplayv?versionvirtual-accessvlanvoicevoiceboardvrrpdisplayver?versiondisplayver?,此處按下鍵可以補(bǔ)全命令,錯(cuò)誤提示信息,Routerdi%Ambiguouscommandfoundatposition.Routerdispaly%Unrecognizedcommandfoundatposition.Routerdisplay%Incompletecommandfoundatposition.Routerdisplayinterfacegigabitethernet0/00%Toomanyparametersfoundatposition.Routerdisplayinterfacegigabitethernet0/0/0%Wrongparameterfoundatposition.Router,命令行歷史記錄功能,查看歷史命令記錄翻閱和調(diào)出歷史記錄中的某一條命令用或快捷鍵調(diào)出上一條歷史命令用或快捷鍵調(diào)出下一條歷史命令,displayhistory-command,命令行編輯功能,分頁(yè)顯示,本頁(yè)未顯示完還有下一頁(yè),displayinterfaceAux0currentstate:DOWNLineprotocolcurrentstate:DOWNDescription:Aux0InterfaceTheMaximumTransmitUnitis1500,Holdtimeris10(sec)Internetprotocolprocessing:disabledLinklayerprotocolisPPPLCPinitialOutputqueue:(Urgentqueuing:Size/Length/Discards)0/50/0Outputqueue:(Protocolqueuing:Size/Length/Discards)0/500/0Outputqueue:(FIFOqueuing:Size/Length/Discards)0/75/0Physicallayerisasynchronous,Baudrateis9600bpsPhy-mruis1700Lastclearingofcounters:NeverLast300secondsinputrate0.00bytes/sec,0bits/sec,0.00packets/secLast300secondsoutputrate0.00bytes/sec,0bits/sec,0.00packets/secInput:0packets,0bytes0broadcasts,0multicasts0errors,0runts,0giants-More-,：繼續(xù)顯示下一屏信息：繼續(xù)顯示下一行信息：停止顯示和命令執(zhí)行,配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備的方法命令行使用入門常用的命令配置遠(yuǎn)程登錄,目錄,常用設(shè)備管理命令,配置設(shè)備名稱配置系統(tǒng)時(shí)間顯示系統(tǒng)時(shí)間配置歡迎/提示信息,H3Csysname?TEXTHostname(1to30characters),clockdatetime?TIMESpecifythetime(HH:MM:SS),H3Cheader?incomingSpecifythebanneroftheterminaluser-interfacelegalSpecifythelegalbannerloginSpecifytheloginauthenticationbannermotdSpecifythebanneroftodayshellSpecifythesessionbanner,displayclock,常用信息查看命令,查看版本信息查看當(dāng)前配置顯示接口信息顯示接口IP狀態(tài)與配置信息顯示系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)信息,displayversion,displaycurrent-configuration,displayipinterfacebrief,displayinterface,displaydiagnostic-information,配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備的方法命令行使用入門常用的命令配置遠(yuǎn)程登錄,目錄,路由器Telnet服務(wù)配置命令,配置與網(wǎng)絡(luò)相連端口的IP地址使能Telnet服務(wù)器端功能進(jìn)入vty用戶界面視圖，設(shè)置驗(yàn)證方式,H3Ctelnetserverenable,H3C-ethernet0/0ipaddressip-addressmask|mask-length,H3Cuser-interfacevtyfirst-num2last-num2H3C-ui-vty0authentication-modenone|password|scheme,路由器Telnet服務(wù)配置命令（續(xù)）,設(shè)置登錄密碼和用戶級(jí)別創(chuàng)建用戶、配置密碼、設(shè)置服務(wù)類型、設(shè)置用戶級(jí)別,H3C-ui-vty0setauthenticationpasswordcipher|simplepasswordH3C-ui-vty0userprivilegelevellevel,H3Clocal-userusernameH3C-luser-xxxpasswordcipher|simplepasswordH3C-luser-xxxservice-typetelnetH3C-luser-xxxlevellevel,Telnet配置例子,RTA,system-viewH3CtelnetserverenableH3Cinterfaceethernet0/0H3C-ethernet0/0ipaddress5424H3Cuser-interfacevty0H3C-ui-vty0setauthenticationpasswordcipher123456H3C-ui-vty0userprivilegelevel2,PCA,IP地址：子網(wǎng)掩碼：,Telnet客戶端,Telnet服務(wù)器,G0/0,用Telnet登錄,MicrosoftWindowsXP版本5.1.2600(C)版權(quán)所有1985-2001MicrosoftCorp.C:DocumentsandSettingsusertelnet54*Copyright(c)2004-2007HangzhouH3CTech.Co.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.*Withouttheownerspriorwrittenconsent,*nodecompilingorreverse-engineeringshallbeallowed.*LoginauthenticationPassword:,輸入密碼,路由器SSH服務(wù)配置命令,使能SSH服務(wù)器功能配置SSH客戶端登錄時(shí)的用戶界面配置SSH用戶,H3Csshserverenable,H3C-ui-vty0-4authentication-modeschemeH3C-ui-vty0-4protocolinboundssh,H3Clocal-userusernameH3C-luser-xxxpasswordcipher|simplepasswordH3C-luser-xxxservice-typesshH3C-luser-xxxlevellevel,路由器SSH服務(wù)配置命令（續(xù)）,生成RSA密鑰導(dǎo)出RSA密鑰銷毀RSA密鑰,H3Crsalocal-key-paircreate,H3Crsalocal-key-pairexportssh2,H3Crsalocal-key-pairdestroy,SSH配置例子,RTA,H3Crsalocal-key-paircreateH3Cinterfacegigabitethernet0/0H3C-GigabitEthernet0/0ipaddress54H3CsshserverenableH3Cuser-interfacevty04H3C-ui-vty0-4authentication-modeschemeH3C-ui-vty0-4protocolinboundsshH3Cl