2009-2013年廣東高考英語閱讀理解解析

1、2013年廣東高考英語閱讀理解解析 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。 A Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear. Children know this very well. Fred Epstein, in his book If I Make It to Five, tells a story he heard from one of f

2、riends about Tom, a four-year-old boy with a cancer in his back bone. He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination. Tom loved to pretend, and he particularly loved to play superheroes, Dr Epstein explained that it was actually a brilliant way for his young mind t

3、o handle the terrifying and painful life he led. The day before his third trip to the operating room, Tom was terribly afraid.”Maybe I could go as Superman ,”he whispered to his mom. Hearing this, the mother hesitated for a while. She had avoided buying the expensive costume(戲裝)，but finally she agre

4、ed. The next day Tom appeared as the powerful Superman, showing off through the hospital halls and coolly waving his hand to the people greeting him along the way. And Tom, with the strength of his fantasy, successfully made it through the operation. The power of imagination need not be reserved for

5、 children only. we all have the power to use our fantasies to attempt things we never thought possible, to go through those things that seem impossible, and to achieve what we never believed we could, Just as Dr. Epstein puts it ,”If you can dream it, you can do it” It doesnt mean that you should dr

6、ess as a superhero for your next job interview. But, next time you are tested in a way that seems impossible, imagine what it would take to overcome it. Become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first. So, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream.

7、26. What do we know about Tom? A. He was seriously illB. He was a dishonest boy.C. He was crazy about magicD. He was Dr.Epsteins patient解析：Tom為關(guān)鍵詞，查找全文。A 細節(jié)題。由第一段最后一句He came through several operations and a lot ofpain可知，他病得很嚴重，故選。選項B(他是一個不誠實的孩子)和選項C(他對魔術(shù)著了迷)都是無中生有；由第一段第三句Fred Epstein, in his book If

8、 I Make It to Five, tells a story he heard from one of his friends about Tom可知，有關(guān)Tom的事情是Dr.Epstein從他的一個朋友那里聽來的，因此可排除選項D(他是Dr. Epstein的病人)。27.What can be inferred about Toms mother?A.She was a rich ladyB.She refused Toms requestC.She wanted Tom to be a superheroD.She wanted to get Tom through the pai

9、n解析：D 推斷題。由第三段第三四句Hearing this, the mother hesitated for awhile. She had avoided buying the expensive costume(戲裝), finallyshe agreed.可知，她并不富有，但最終還是同意了Tom的請求，為他購買昂貴的戲裝，由此推斷，她是希望Tom能度過痛苦關(guān)。由had avoided buying the expensive costume可排除選項A；由finally she agreed可排除選項B；她同意為他購買昂貴的戲裝其目的不是希望他真正成為超人，故排除選項C。28.Whe

10、n Tom went for the third operation,he .A.pretended to be painfulB.acted like a superheroC.appeared in poor spiritsD.argued with his mother解析：B 細節(jié)題。由第四段第一句Tom appeared as the powerful Superman, showingoff through the hospital halls and coolly waving his hand to the people greeting him along the way可知

11、，他的行為就像是一個超人。29.In the last paragraph,you are advised . 該題做錯A.to go through some difficult testsB.to wake up from your wild dreamsC.to become a powerful person in your mindD.to wear expensive clothes for job interviews解析：細節(jié)題。由最后一段的第一句可排除選項D；選項A(經(jīng)歷一些困難的測試)和B(從不羈夢中醒來)含文中的一些字眼，其實是斷章取義；由第三句Become the pe

12、rson you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first可知，選項C(要成為一個內(nèi)心強大的人)正確。30.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To tell us an interesting story.B.To help us make right decisions.C.To advise us to care about children.D.To encourage us to use our imagination.解析：D 目的題。由文章首句

13、Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear.可全文末句So, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是鼓勵我們運用我們的想象力。 B Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right family, and others believe that suc

14、cess mostly comes down to luck. Im not going to say luck, talent, and circumstances dont come into play because they do. Some people are born into the right family while others are born with great intelligence, and thats just the reality of how life is . However, to succeed in life, one first needs

15、to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And, in addition to that, in order to ger really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and practicing. To become great at certain things, itll require even more time, time that most people wont put in. This is a

16、big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you dont enjoy what you do , it is going fo feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become good ai it. When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success,

17、 you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there at a huge cost. Its sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some rare talent, but thinking that way does you no good, and theres a huge chance that youre wrong anyway. Whatever you do,if you want to become g

18、reat at it, you need to work day in and day out,almost to the point of addiction, and over a long period of time.If youre not willing to put in the time and work,dont expect to receive any rewards. Consistent, hard work wont guarantee you the level of success you may want, but it will guarantee that

19、 you will become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.31. Paragraph 1 mainly talks about _.A.the reasons for successB.the meaning of successC.the standards of successD.the importance of success解析：A段意歸納題。文中的“運氣”“天賦”“家庭環(huán)境”等都是指成功的條件或理由，故選A。本段中并沒有講什么是成功，排除選項B(成功的含義)和C(成功的標(biāo)準(zhǔn))；也沒講成功對人生

20、有哪些重要性，也容易排除選項D。32. In Paragraph 2,the underlined word that refers to _.A.being good at somethingB.setting a practical goalC.putting in more timeD.succeeding in life解析：B 代詞指代題。代詞是意義銜接的手段之一，此處的代詞that替代前句中的set a goal and then gradually make it more practical，故選B。33. Successful people suggest doing wha

21、t one loves because _.A.work makes one feel painB.one tends to enjoy his workC.one gives up his work easilyD.it takes a lot of time to succeed解析：D 細節(jié)理解題。題眼出現(xiàn)在第三段第一句This is a big reason why many successfulpeople advise you to do something you love.但其中的this就是指代上文的內(nèi)容，即第二段的第后兩句話的內(nèi)容one needs to spend at

22、least 10,000 hours studying and practicing. To become great at certain things, itll require even more time, time that most people wont put in，這兩句就告訴我們，要成功需要花費大量的時間。34.What can we infer from Paragraph 4? 該題做錯了A.Successful people like to show their great skills.B.People sometimes succeed without luck

23、or talent.C.People need to achieve success at the cost of life.D.It helps to think that luck or talent leads to success.解析：C 推理判斷題。由第一句they have put in a huge part of their life toget there at a huge cost可推知。35.What is the main theme of the passage?A.Having a goal is vital to success.B.Being good is

24、 different from being great.C.One cannot succeed without time and practice.D.Luck,talent and family help to achieve success.解析：C 主旨歸納題。由第二段開頭的However可知，本文的中心論題不是第一段而在第二段to succeed in life, one first needs to needs to，再結(jié)合最后一段第一句if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, a

25、lmost to thepoint of addiction, and over a long period of time，可知本文的主題思想是不花時間和實踐是不可能取得成功的。 C One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England，an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His hea

26、d teacher had referred him to me. This boy has lost his family, he wrote. He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and Im very worried about him. Can you help?” I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesnt have the answer

27、 to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically The first two times we met, David didnt say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the childrens drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded.

28、 After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon一in complete silence and without looking at me. Its not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice. Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed. took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them

29、 up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me? Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with, I thought. Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.”Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me sud

30、denly. Ifs your turn, he said. After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times. about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life. Maybe I gave David some

31、thing. But I also learned that one一without any words一can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.36. When he first met the author, David .A. felt a little excitedB. walked energeticallyC. looked a little nervousD. showed up

32、with his teacher解析：C 推理判斷題。因David失去了家人，怎么可能興奮呢？可排除選項A；由He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly(他煩躁地地走來走去，面色蒼白，雙手在微微地顫抖)可推斷，他進來時有點緊張，故選C，在這種情況下他不可能是“精神抖擻地走進來”，文中也沒有相應(yīng)的信息說明這一點，可排除選項B；由His head teacher had referred him to me中的時態(tài)可知，老師將David的情況告訴作者是在David進來之前

33、，且由he wrote可知，是老師寫的字條而不是親自來了，故排除選項D。37. As a psychologist, the author . 該題做錯了！A. was ready to listen to DavidB. was skeptical about psychologyC. was able to describe Davids problemD. was sure of handling Davids problem解析：A 細節(jié)理解題。由第二段How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesnt have the

34、 answer to, and which no words can describe (我應(yīng)如何來幫助他呢？這些是在心理學(xué)上沒有答案的難題；也是用語言無法描述的難題)可排除選項D(有把握處理David的問題)和C(能夠描述David的問題)；選項B只是使用了文中psychology這個詞，其實文中根本沒有表明“作者懷疑心理學(xué)”的信息，只是說明心理學(xué)上沒有處理David這類問題的現(xiàn)存答案，故排除B；由第二段最后一句Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically可知，選A，作者打算傾聽Davi

35、d。38David enjoyed being with the author because he_. 該題做錯了Awanted to ask the author for adviceBneed to share sorrow with the author Cliked the childrens drawings in the officeDbear the author many times in the chess game解析：B 細節(jié)理解題。第四段告訴我們David喜歡跟作者在一起，第五段中作者的推測Perhaps he simply needs someone to shar

36、e his pain with. Perhaps he senses that Irespect his suffering可知，選B。39What can be inferred about David?AHe recovered after months of treatment.BHe liked biking before he lost his family.CHe went into university soon after starting to talk.DHe got friends in school before he met the author. 解析：A 推理判斷

37、題。從第六、七、八段的敘述，即從Some months later至Now he had really started to live his own life可以推斷，David恢復(fù)了，故選A。選項B和D若正確，就會有朋友同David分擔(dān)悲傷了，也就沒有必要來同作者下棋了，故也可排除。40What made David change?AHis teachers help.BThe authors friendship.CHis exchange of letters with the author.DThe authors silent communication with him.解析：D

38、 細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon一in complete silence and without looking at me和最后一段第二句But I also learned that one一without any words一can reach out to another person可知，選D，是作者同David的無聲交流改變了David。 D While Jennifer was at hose taking an online exam for her busines

39、s law class, a monitor（監(jiān)控器）a few hundred miles away was watching her every move. Using a web camera equipped in Jennifers Los Angels apartment , the monitor in Phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved form the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room.

40、Her Internet access was locked remotely to prevent Internet searches , and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past? Or was she slowing down? In the battle against cheating , this is the cutting

41、 edge and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. The technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas

42、are valid that students havent just searched the Internet to get the right answers. Although online classes have existed for more than a decade，the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of open online courses. Private colleges，public universities and corporations

43、are jumping into the online education field . spending millions of dollars to attract potential students，while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance. Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular Among them are programs that che

44、ck studentsidentities using personal information,such as the telephone number they once used. Other programs can produce unique exam by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test question are answered at the same speed as easy ones ,A

45、s in many university classes ,term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating.41. Why was Jennifer watched in annoying exam ?A.To correct her typing mistakes.B.To find her secrets in the room.C to prevent her form slowing down.D.To keep her from dishonest behaviors.解析：D 推

46、理判斷題。由第三段第一句In the battle against cheating可知，前面兩段對Jennifer在家考試中受監(jiān)控器的監(jiān)控的具體描述是為了防止他作弊。42. The underlined expression cutting edge in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _.A.advanced techniqueB.sharpening tool C.effective ruleD.dividing line 解析：A 詞義推斷題。由第二段的具體描述來看，這是防止作弊的先進技術(shù)，另外，也可以從第五段的第一句中的other high

47、-tich methods(另外的高科技方法)得到啟示，要選A。其他選項“磨銳刀具”“有效的規(guī)則”“分界線”都不合語境。43.For internet universities, exams and diplomas will be valid if _.A.they can attract potential studentsB.they can defeat academic cheatingC.they offer students online helpD.they offer many online courses解析：B 細節(jié)理解題。由第三段最后一句Only with solid

48、measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid可知，只有有了打擊作弊的強有力的措施，網(wǎng)絡(luò)大學(xué)才能表明他們的考試和文憑是有效的。44.Some programs can find out possible cheaters by _. 該題做錯了A.checking the question answering speed B.producing a large number of question C.scanning t

49、he Internet test question D.giving difficult test question解析：A 細節(jié)理解題。由最后一段第二句recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones可知，是通過分析答題的速度來判斷是否作弊，故選A。45.Which of the following is the best title of this passage?A.The Advantages of O

50、nline ExamsB.The High-tech Methods in Online CoursesC.The Fight against Cheating in Online EducationD.The War against the Booming of Online Education解析：主旨大意題。選項A(在線考試的優(yōu)點)文中無此內(nèi)容，應(yīng)排除；選項B(在線課程的高科技方法)，文中只提到防止作弊的高科技方法，B的范圍過大，應(yīng)排除；選項D(反對網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育蓬勃發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)爭)與短文內(nèi)不符，應(yīng)排除；全文都是介紹打擊網(wǎng)上教育的作弊，故選C。2012年高考英語閱讀理解解析A “Have a ni

51、ce day!” may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless. When my friend Maxie says “Have a nice day” with a smile, I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me. I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well. “Have a nice day. Next!” This version of the expression

52、is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out the door. The words come out in the same tone (腔調(diào)) with a fixed procedure. They are spoken at me, not to me. Obviously, the concern for my day and everyone elses is the managements attempt to increase business. The ex

53、pression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other. Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting. As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is at an end. Sometimes the expression saves us when we dont know what to say “oh, you may have a tooth out? Im terribly sorry, but

54、 have a nice day.” The expression can be pleasant. If a stranger says “Have a nice day” to you, you may find it heart-warming because someone you dont know has tried to be nice to you.Although the use of the expression is an insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with

55、the sentence except that it is a little uninteresting. The salesgirl, the waitress, the teacher, and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a strange and comfortable way, its nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really

56、dont care all that much. While the expression may not often be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like.26.How does the author understand Maxies words?A.Maxie shows her anxiety to the author.B.Maxie really wishes the author a good day.C.Maxie encourag

57、es the author to stay happy.D.Maxie really worries about the authors security.解析：B 細節(jié)理解題。由第一段最后兩句可知，特別是“cares about me and wishes me well”可知選擇wishes the author a good day 27.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?A.The salesgirl is rude.B.The salesgril is bored.C.The salesgirl cares about me.D.The salesgirl says the words as a routine.解析：D 句意理解題。由第二段最后一句可知。routine 常規(guī)；習(xí)慣28.By saying“Have a nice day,”a stranger may _. 該題做錯了。A.try to be polite to youB.express respect to yo