word完整版現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)整理歸納推薦文檔

1、27現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一一講解部分現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞 have（ has）+過去分詞1. 表示過去發(fā)生或完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。例如：I have just cleaned my clothes. 我剛洗過衣服。（洗衣服”是發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是衣服干凈了 ”）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用的時(shí)間狀語有：already （已經(jīng)”用于肯定句的中間和末尾處）never（從不”用于中間處）ever （”曾經(jīng)”用于疑問句和肯定句的中間處）just （ “剛岡U ”用于中間處）yet （已經(jīng)”用于疑問句的末尾處/還”用于否定句的末尾處）或不加任何的時(shí)間狀語，但不能和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用.1.

2、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的”完成用法”A、定義現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的”完成用法”指的是動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去某一時(shí)刻并已結(jié)束但該動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在 產(chǎn)生了影響與現(xiàn)在情況具有因果關(guān)系。例如 He has turned off the light.他已把燈關(guān)了。（動(dòng)作結(jié)束于過去 觀但說明的是現(xiàn)在的情況-燈現(xiàn)在不亮了。）B、特點(diǎn) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”完成用法的特點(diǎn)是動(dòng)作不延續(xù)因此該時(shí)態(tài)只能與表示不定的過去時(shí)間狀語（如already yet beforer ecently等）、頻度時(shí)間狀語（如never ever once等）、包括 現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語 （如this morni ng/ mon th /year.today等）連用。例如Have

3、 you found your pen yet?你已找到你的鋼筆了嗎？.6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的”未完成用法”A、 定義現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的未完成用法”指的是動(dòng)作開始于過去某一時(shí)刻從一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn) 在或可能還要繼續(xù)下去。例如He has lived here since 1978.自從1978年以來他一直住在這兒。（動(dòng)作起始于1978年一直住到現(xiàn)在可能還要繼續(xù)住下去。）I have been in the army for more than 5 years. 我在部隊(duì)已經(jīng)呆了五年多了。（動(dòng)作開始于5年前2兔一直延續(xù)至今兔有可能還要繼續(xù)下去。）B、 特點(diǎn) 此種用法的句中常需一個(gè)表示一段時(shí)間的狀語（

4、由since或for引導(dǎo)）或表示與現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻相連的時(shí)間狀語（如up tonow=so far到目前為止）等。例如 I have heard noth ing from him up to now.到目前為止我沒有他的任何消息。注意現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的未完成用法只適用于延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，不可用于終止性動(dòng)詞即瞬間完成或延續(xù)時(shí)間很短的動(dòng)詞。女0come go arrive leave join become等?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至?xí)^續(xù)下去或表示過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成 的影響；一般過去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過去。試比較：The pla ne has arrived

5、 .飛機(jī)已經(jīng)來了。（說明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機(jī)在這兒）The plane arrived a quarter ago.飛機(jī)是一刻中以前來的。（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過去）I have taught here for fifteen years.我在這兒已經(jīng)教了十五年。（表示十五年前的動(dòng)作一直延 續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能會(huì)繼續(xù)。）I taught here for a year.我過去在這兒教過一年。（表示 我 現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這兒任教了）1. 一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。說話的側(cè)重點(diǎn) 只在于陳述一件過去的事情不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。女0 He visited Guilin in

6、 1998.他1998年參觀過桂林。(只說明去桂林的時(shí)間)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響或產(chǎn)生了結(jié)果。不與確定的過去時(shí)2. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去 間狀語連用。如Jill has bought a new compu ter.吉爾買了一臺(tái)新電腦。(著重點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)在有了一臺(tái)新電腦)3. 兩種時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)分(1) 一般過去時(shí)的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的謂語基本構(gòu)成是”助動(dòng)詞have /has +過去分詞 。女0 The film started at 7 o clocke has been a teacher for many years.(2) 一般過去時(shí)通常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。如yesterday,

7、 last week, two years ago,just now, in 2002 等 而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則常與 just, already, ever, never 等副詞和 these days, this week, si nee., for.等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。have been in, have been to 與 have gone to 的用法區(qū)另U一、have(has) been in表示 在某地呆多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”，常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，如：since,for, how long 等。例如：have bee nMr. Brown has been in Shanghai f

8、or three days. 布朗先生來上海已經(jīng)有三天了。 此外還有這些搭配：have bee n here (there) /at home (school) / on the farmhere (there) / abroad (國(guó)外)二、have(has)been to表示 曾經(jīng)去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了?？膳cjust, ever, never等連用，例如： I have just been to the post office.我剛才去郵局了。Mary has never been to the Great Wall.瑪麗從未去過長(zhǎng)城。Have you ever been to H

9、angzhou?你曾經(jīng)去過杭州嗎？have(has) been to后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過某地幾次。例如：I have been to Beijing three times.我去過北京三次。They have been to that village several times.他們?nèi)ミ^那個(gè)村莊好幾次了。三、have(has) gone to意為到某地去了 ”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中?？傊?，說話 時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，一般不用第一、第二人稱代詞作句子的主語。例如：-Where is Tom? -He has gone to the bookshop.湯姆在哪里？他到書店去了。Jack Jo

10、h nson has gone to London.杰克.約翰遜到倫敦去了?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)部分用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Ialready(see) the film. I(see) it last week.2. he(fini sh) his work today ?Not yet .3. you(be) to Hong Kong ?-Yes, I(be) there twice .4. you ever(eat ) chocolate ?-No, n ever.(come) back from work. He(go) to the teacheris tired now.s off

11、ice.5. My fatherjust _6. Where Li Mi ng ? He7. Shanghai large city.8. So far I _9. - I (be) a small town hundreds of years ago.Now it(become) a(make) quite a few friends here. (see) the film“ Chicken Run ” .- Where and when you (see) it? - Last week.10. Mary already (have) her supper.11. I (not want

12、) to see the film. I (see) it with my parents. We (see) it last Sunday.12. - Uncle Wang-Yes, he.(mend) the TV yet?-When he it? - Yesterday.13. you (read) today s newspaper yet?14 They already(do) their homework. But they donnext.t know what(do)15. -_-No, Iyou (see) the film last night? (see) it for

13、several times.請(qǐng)嘗試著做以下的練習(xí).5.6.(work) here since I (move) here in 1999.-How long the Smiths (stay)here?- For two weeks. She (be) ill for three days.She (not read) this book before. you ever (travel) on a train before? - Wei Hua (come) yet?-Yes. She (come) already. She (come) just now.7. -How lo

14、ng you (learn) English? -For more than two years.8. They (live) in China since they (move) to China.11. My father just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now.寫出下列動(dòng)詞的的過去式和過去分詞repairbebeginpayrunsendcutcatchmovefeelgeteatholdhurtlearn現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)練習(xí)winleave understand sleep takelose throw study wear 用所給動(dòng)詞的

15、適當(dāng)形式填空swim sing lay5. - I(see) the filmChicken Run ” last week.- Where6. We 11. What12. Mum13. I you (see) it? _ (hold) a sports meeting next week. he (do) at 8:00 last night?(cook) when I got home yesterday._ (not want) to see the film. I (see) it last Sunday.(see) it with my parents. We14. The tea

16、cher told us that the earth (travel) around the sun.15. you (read) today s new?spaper yet16. They already (do) their homework.17. - Where is Jim?- He (water) the flowers in the garden.19. A squirrel( 松鼠 ) (hide) itself if it (feel) dangerous.20. -WhatTom (do) now?-He (work) on a maths problem.- He (

17、work) it out?-No, not yet. I (think) he (work) it out soon.21. - I (hear) a lot about Hong Kong Disneyland recently.- Next time you go to Hong Kong, I will take you there.22. Mary already (have) her supper.23. If hunters catch a giant panda, they (kill) it for its fur.24. My father (walk) to school

18、from time to time.25. -Why are you late again?- Sorry, I (not be) late next time.26. - A man named Wang Hao (call) you twice just now.- He is one of my old friends. I (not meet) him since I left for Hong Kong.27. My parents (return) today. Dont forget to meet them at the airport.28. -Uncle Wang (rep

19、air) the TV yet?-Yes, he.(repair) it?-When he- Yesterday.29. -I m hungry Mum.-Hungry? You just (eat) four hamburgers.30. you (be) to Beijing?Yes, I already (be) there twice. 三翻譯句子1. 他自從去了美國(guó)以后就沒給我寫過信。 Hesincewith our eyes.2. 我們足夠幸運(yùn)，可以看見國(guó)家的變化。 We are to see3. 我原來居住的地方已變成了一個(gè)購物中心。The place I used to liv

20、e in4. 我不能像以前那樣經(jīng)?？吹剿麄?。I can t see them 5. 這家工廠過去常常把廢棄物倒進(jìn)河里。This factory into the river.一、動(dòng)詞填空。1. She(be) away from home for almost four years.2. The sun(rise ) in the east.3. You look tired. Stop(work) and (have) a rest.4. I( not hear) from you for a long time.5. My brother(be ) to En gla nd twice.6

21、. Mr Green(not come) back to China yet.7. Who(teach ) you math last term?8. They(go) to the sho pping cen ter already.9. Liste n, Xiao Li(sing) in the n ext room.10. They(pl ay) football whe n I walked p ast.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換(每空一詞)。1.1 have been to Macau before.(改為否定句)bee n to Macau before.2. He hasn t come to

22、 schbecause he .s(就劃線部分提問) he come to school?3. He has learned English for 5 years.(就劃線部分提問)lear ned En glish ?4.1 bought a new bike just now.(用 just 改寫)Ijusta new bike.5. We began to learn English three years ago.(改為同義句 )WeEn glishthree years6. He has lived here since 1999.(就劃線部分提問)hehere?7. They h

23、ave already fini shed the work.變否定Theythe work.8. My father got there two days ago. 同義句My fatherthere for two days.9. Mr. Li began to teach En glish in this school in 1999. 同義句Mr. LiEn glish in this school si nee 1999.10. They have cleaned the room twice this week.(就劃線部分提問)theythe room this week?11.

24、 My father went to En gla nd in 2003 and 2005. 同義句My fatherEn gla nd.選擇題1. Li Hong hasthe army for 2 years.A. joi ned B. be in C. bee n in D. joi ned in2. We have bee n friends since.A. childre n B. five yearsC. five years ago D. five years before3. Mike the story book for a month.A. has boughtB. ha

25、s had C. had had D. has borrowed4. You that question three times.A. already askedB. have already askedC. already have askedD. asked already5. Those foreign friends left Guangzhou .A. since last week B. a week agoC. for a week D. since a week ago6. I at this school for two years.A. am studying B. stu

26、dyC. studied D. have studied7. They in the city since last summer.A. live B. didn t live C. have lived D. live8. Mrs. Wang has lived in Haikou 1992.A. since B. from C. after D. in9. Mr. Black China since the summer of 1998.C. has come toD. came toA. has been to B. has been in10. His father for years

27、.C. died D. diesA. has died B. has been deadit twice.11. Mary to see the films because she _A. won t go, sawB. won t go, will see C. won t go, has seenD. didn ot, gsees12. Would you like some more food?Thank you. I enough.A. will have B. have had C. have D. had13. you England? Yes, it a beautiful co

28、untry.A. Will, gone to, wasB. Have, been to, isyou.I _C. Had, been to, isD. Have, gone to, isNo, IA. Have, been, havenB. Had, been, hadnC. Have, gone, havenD. Did, go, didn 15. Your sister14. you to Beijing?_ there early next month.?t t, am going?t t, am going?t t, winags go t, was going to London t

29、o study English. Is that true? -Yes , she _ there for two months.A. has been, has been B. will go, has goneC. gone, will be D. has gone, has been16. He has a computer of his own. He it two days ago.A. bought B. bought C. bought D. has bought17. Where is Li Lei? He _ Shanghai.A. has gone to B. has be

30、en to C. went to D. goes to18. He his homework and is now listening to music.19. DavidA. finishes B. has finished C. finish D. is finishing Shanghai for more than three months.A. came to B. has bee n to C. has bee n in D. has come to20. - Is your father a Party member?a P arty member for three years

31、.-Yes, hethe p arty three years ago. He _A. jo in ed; has bee n B. has join ed; has bee nit?C. was join ed; isD. joi ned; was21. -What a nice bike! How loneyouJust five weeks.A. will; buy B. did; buy C. are; hav ingD. have; had22.1 this book for a weekhave to retur n it now.A. borrowed B. have borro

32、wed C. kept D. have kept23. your sisterin Green China for a long time?Yes. She joined it five years ago.A. Has; bee n B. Have; bee n C. Has; jo ined D. Have; jo ined24. -How long have youfrom the USA?For three mon ths.A. come back B. retur nedC. go back D. bee n back25. Ithis book for half a year.A.

33、 have bought B. have had C. bought D . had26. The stude nts are sorry to hear that famous sin gerfor a year.27.-A. has left B. has gone C. has bee n away D. has gone away youyour homework yet?-Yes, Iit just now.B. Have; done; fini shedD. Will; do; fin ishin Beiji ng several times this year.A. Did; d

34、o; fini shedC. Have; done; have fini shed28. The sand storm weatherA. happen B. happened C. has happened D. have happened29. -How long have you bee n here? -last mon th.A. ForB. Un tilC. BeforeD. Since30. Hea cold for three days.A. has caught B. has had C. has got D. caught31. Jim Greenin China for

35、two years.A. has come B. has bee n C. has arrived D. came32. The filmfor half an hour.A. has been on B. has begun C. hasn t begunD. began33. Where have youthese days?I have to Beijing with my friends.A. been gone B.been beenC.gone been D.gone gone34 How long have youthis bookA. bought B.borrowed C.

36、hadD.le nt35. We have lived herefive years agoA. whe n B.si nee C.before D.after36 I have watched the game.Whenyouit ?A.have watched B.do watchC.did watchD.will watch37 How do you like Beiji ng, Mr. Black?Oh I _A don tisitC_ such a beautiful city.B didn t visithaven t visited D hadn t visited38Miss

37、Brow nto the Great Wall twice.A have bee n B has bee nhave gone D has goneC39.His brother has been to Stone Forest twiceB before C si nee D forhe came to Yunnan A after40.His grandpafor two years.A.was died B.has bee n deadC.was dead D.has died練習(xí):I 翻譯下列句子：1.你曾經(jīng)吃過魚和薯?xiàng)l嗎?2.我剛剛丟了我的化學(xué)書。3.我以前從來沒去過那個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)。4.他

38、已經(jīng)吃過午飯了。5.你已經(jīng)看過這部電影了嗎?6.我哥哥還沒回來。7.我上星期看過這部電影。8.在1992年他住在這里。.用過去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)填空：“_ (have) lunch ?(have) it?_ (write) a letter to your aunt yet? (write) one last week.(finish) his homework?“ Not y”t.they ever(be) abroad?“ Yes,just once.just(fini sh) his work.(fini sh) his work just now.(lear n) many

39、En glish words.(not read) the in teresti ng books yet.n ever(go) to the scie nee museum.“ Whena“ Yes, Ia5. Your father6. Your father7. Last term I8. They9. Heyou_ you _you.IYes.“ I”(have) it at 12:00.he10. 11. “ “Where_ bookstore. ”“When _you ever_ youyou(drink) coke?(buy) a dictionary? (buy) it? ”“

40、Yes, I _“_ I (buy) it in ayou(buy) it? “ Y”esterday.”練習(xí)：用 since 和 for 填空1)3)5)7)9)two years last monthyesterday4 hourswe were children2)4)6)8)10)two years ago1999clock_ an hour ago lunch time11) she left here用 since 和 for 填空1. He has lived in Nanjing2. I ve known him _the year before last. we were c

41、hildren.3. Our teacher has studied Japanese three years.4. She has been away from the city about ten years.5. It s about ten years she left the city.2.短暫性轉(zhuǎn)換延續(xù)性 arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw.T be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there He got to Beijing five minut

42、es ago.1)2)He Beijing forI moved to the USA last year.3)4)I the USA sinceI went home yesterday.I home for _They came here last week.They here since come/go back, return t be back come/go out t be out 1) He came out two years ago.He for 2) We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We to Fuzhou since become t be1

43、) I became a teacher in 2000.I a teacher for2) The river became dirty last year.The river dirty for _close T be closed open be open1) The shop closed two hours ago.The shopfor2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door for six hours. get up T be up die t be dead leave sw. T be away from sw. fa

44、ll asleep/get tot sleep finish/end T be ovemrarry I got up two hours ago.I He left Fuzhou just now.He My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa The meeting finished at six.The meeting I got to sleep two hours ago.T be asleep T be married1)2)3)4)5)sinceFuzhou for five minutes.forfor six hours.I since .They

45、married in 1990.They since . start/begi n to do sth.t do sth. beg in t be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.I at this school since .2) The film began two minutes ago.The film for . borrow t keeplose t not havebuy t have put on t wear catch/getT have a cold get to know T know6)a cold1)2)3)

46、4)They borrowed it last week.They it since .I bought a pen two hours ago.I a pen for .I got to know him last year.I him since .I put on my glasses three years ago.I my glasses for . have/has gone to t have bee n in1) He has gone to Beijing.He Beijing for two days. join the league/the P arty/the army

47、T be a league/a P arty member/a soldier T be a member of the league/the Party T be in the league/the Party/the army 1) He joined the league in 2002.HeHeHe_ for two years. the for two years. the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brotherMy brotherinforfor two years.3.

48、漢譯英1)這本字典我已買了三年了。2)他離開中國(guó)三年了。3)我認(rèn)識(shí)他們五年了。4)他們已去了美國(guó)五年了。5)自從他搬到福州，他就住這兒了。6)他們已經(jīng)結(jié)婚10年。7)我妹妹成為一個(gè)大學(xué)生已經(jīng)三年。8)這會(huì)已開了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了？9)這門已經(jīng)關(guān)了兩天了。10)我入團(tuán)2年了。IIItwo years ago._for two years.offor twoyears.I 11)自從1999年以來他們就認(rèn)識(shí)。thefor two years.12)我來到農(nóng)場(chǎng)已 5年了。4.劃線提問1) I have bee n there for two days2)youMy father has lived here

49、 since 2000.your father3)4)He left here yesterday.heThey bought a book two hours agothey _a book?練習(xí)：I. 用 have(has) been 或 have(has) gone 填空。A: Where Li Fei ?B: He to Hainan Island.A: How long he there?B: He there for three days.A: When will he come back , do you know?B: I m afraid he won t come back

50、 recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?neverB: Sorry, I never there.Li FeiA: How many times Li Fei to that place?B: He there only once.II.1)2)3)4)5)6)7)8)9)10)11)12)13)14)用 have/has been to/in, have gone to 及 go 的各種形式填空。 Where is Jack? He his country.the park just now.John England s

51、ince he came back.How long he this village?The Smiths Beijing for years. you ever America? - Yes, I I this school since three years ago.Where is Jim? He the farm.? HeDavidWhenhethere many times.an hour ago.Would you like to the zoo with me?-Yes, but IWhere you now? - I the zoo.He often you swimming ? you there last year? they