介詞加關系代詞引導的定語從句

1、學習必備歡迎下載 “介詞+ which / whom”引導的定語從句 “介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句，是定語從句一種介詞前置的定語從句句型，介詞與關系代詞 之間存在一種介賓關系。 當關系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，把介詞置于關系代詞前， 即演變出“介 詞+關系代詞”句型。例如： The man who/whom /that you spoke to is a teacher. =The man to whom you spoke is a teacher. 一、基本構成 1. “介詞+關系代詞”結構引導的定語從句中，關系代詞只能用 which （指物）或whom指人），即: 介詞 +whi

2、ch/whom。 (1) The man to whom you spoke is a teacher. (2) The city in which she lives is far away. (3) The little girl is reading a book,in which there are many cartoons. 注意：當介詞放在關系代詞的前面時，用在介詞后的關系代詞不能省略。 2. 在限制性定語從句中，當介詞置于定語從句的謂語動詞之后時，可用that/which( 指物)； that/who/whom (指人)作介詞的賓語.且此處關系代詞可以省略，特別是在口語中。如：

3、 (1) The man (who/whom /that ) you spoke to is a teacher. (2) The city ( which/that ) she lives in is far away. 注：通常介詞放在定語從句中動詞后，也可以放在關系代詞前面，但有些特殊動詞短語搭配不能拆 分，介詞只能放在動詞后，如：look for, look after, pay attentionto ,take care of , look forward to, liste n to 等。 This is the pen that / which you arelook ing

4、for. The patient whom she islooking after is her father. The words that /which we shouldpay atte nti on toare writte n on the blackboard. There are fifty patie nts who/whom/that we musttake good care of. 練習： Are these sentences right? (1) The man with whom you talked is my frie nd. (2) The man( who/

5、that) you talked with is my friend. (3) The man with who/that you talked is my friend. (4) The pla ne in which we flew to Can ada is very comfortable. (5) The pla ne in that we flew to Can ada is very comfortable. 、關系副詞 when, where，why可用“介詞+ which”來代替。關系副詞實際上是介詞+先行詞。 其中 when=表時間的介詞(如：in , at,during

6、等)+which ; Where地點的介詞(如：in , at,on,under等)+which ; Why表原因的介詞(如：for ) +which (1) 當先行詞表示時間，定語從句中缺少時間狀語時，通常用關系副詞when引導，此時也可選用表 示時間的介詞+ which來代替關系副詞 wherb I still remember the daywhe n I came here.( on the day =whe n) (2) 當先行詞表示地點，定語從句中缺少地點狀語時，通常用關系副詞where引導，此時也可選用表 示地點的介詞+ which來代替關系副詞 where。 This is t

7、he housewhere I lived last year.( in the house= where) (3) 當先行詞為reason，定語從句中缺少表示原因狀語時，通常用關系副詞why引導，此時也可以用 for which 來代替關系副詞 why。 There are many reas ons why people like traveli ng.(for the reas ons =why) 三、關系代詞前介詞選擇三原則：一先，二動，三意義(重中之重) 1. 一先，即根據定語從句中介詞與先行詞 的搭配關系選擇。 (on the day) (spe nd money on sth.)

8、 I n ever forget the day on which I came to this school. 2. 二動，即根據定語從句中謂語動詞與介詞的搭配關系選擇。 This is the iPad on which I spe nt 3000 yua n. 3. 三意義，即根據定語從句的意義來確定介詞。 This is my pair of glasses, _without which I cannot see clearly. 例題：用“介詞+關系代詞”的形式表示 1. Do you like the bookshe lear ned a lot? 2. He paid the

9、boy $10 for wash ing ten win dows, mosthad nt bee n clea ned for at least a year. 3. The towerpeople can have a good view is on the hill. 注意： 介詞+關系代詞 1) 介詞后面的關系代詞不能省略。 2) that前不能有介詞。 3) 某些在從句中充當時間，地點或原因狀語的”介詞+關系詞”結構可以同關系副詞when,where和 why互換。 練習： I. He was educated at a local grammar school,he went on

10、 to Cambridge.（05 山東卷） A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this 2.She was educated at Beijing University, she went on to have her advaneed study abroad. （06 陜西卷） A. after that B. from that C. from whichD. after which 3. G un con trol is a subjectAmericans have argued for a long time.

11、（09 陜西卷） A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which 4. Wind power is an ancient source of energywemay return in the near future. （10山東卷） A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which 5. The settlement is hometo nearly 1,000 people ,many of left their village homes for a better life i

12、n the city.（10浙卷） A.whom B.which C.them D.whose 6. The English playmy students acted at the New Year s party was a great success. （04 全國 I） A for which B at which C in which D on which 7. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine mon ths, the s aili ng time was 226 days. （04 廣西） A. of wh

13、ich B. duri ng which C. from which D. for which 8. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the sce nespeople were eate n by the tiger. （05廣東卷） A. in which B. by which C. which D. that 9. She showed the visitors around the museum,the con struct ion had t

14、ake n more than three years. （11 江西卷） A. for whichB. with which C. of which D. to which 10. The place the bridge is supposed to be built should be the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. （05江蘇卷） A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which II. Eric received trai ning in

15、the computer for one year,he found a job in a big compa ny. A.after that B.after which C.after it D.after this 12. Villagershere depend on the fishing industry,there wont be muchwork. A.where B.that C.by which D.without which 13. Last week,o nly two people came to look at the house,wan ted to buy it

16、. A.none of them B.both of them C.none of whom D.n either of whom 14. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5: 30 pm, many people have gone home. A.whose time B.that C.on which D.by which time 15. Whe never I met her,was fairly ofte n, she greeted me with a sweet smile.（09 山東） A.who B.which C.whe n D.that 16.She brought with her three frie nds,none ofI had ever met before. （09 海南） A.themB.who C.whom D.these 17.Many children, pare nts are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village. （09 安徽） A.theirB.whose C.of them D.with whom 18 was born in NewOrleans, Lo