非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞經(jīng)典易錯(cuò)題會(huì)診

1、英語(yǔ)：經(jīng)典易錯(cuò)題會(huì)診（非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的類別和句法功能非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的固定搭配非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞邏輯主語(yǔ)的表達(dá)形式和否定形式，同時(shí)也可以考查到句非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是歷年高考考查的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)。然而從對(duì)近幾年的高考題分析來(lái)看，命題者更趨向于對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的選擇的考查。一來(lái)可以考查到學(xué)生掌握非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法式結(jié)構(gòu)，也就是運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力了。今后的試題中應(yīng)該還是熱點(diǎn)。請(qǐng)看典型例題典型例題題的考查情況。經(jīng)典易錯(cuò)題會(huì)診命題角度1非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞類別和句法功能1.（典型例題）1 think you ll growhim when you know him better.A.Iik ingB.to b

2、e likeC.to likeD.to be liki ng精品文檔3考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解A喜歡專家把脈動(dòng)詞grow有達(dá)到做某事的程度或地步”的含義，后面常接不定式。按照句意應(yīng)該是 上他”的動(dòng)詞like而不是像他”的介詞like.對(duì)癥下藥CThe an swers ready will be of great hel p.2.（ 典型例題）It s n ecessary to beppred for a job in terview.A.To have hadB.Hav ing hadC.HaveD.Havi ng考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解A或B專家把脈根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來(lái)充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)表示一般的行為動(dòng)作而不定

3、式做主語(yǔ)則表示具體的。動(dòng)名詞一般式所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或是在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之 后發(fā)生。如果動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，則用動(dòng)名詞的完成式。顯然，這里不符合 完成式的含義。3.（典型例題）The flowers對(duì)癥下藥Dsweet in the bota nic garde n attract the visitors to the beauty of n ature.A.to smellB.smelli ngC.smeltD.to be smelt考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解專家把脈從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置來(lái)看，本題考查不定式和分詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。分析題干可知,smell這里C和D。

4、主語(yǔ)出the flowers與非謂應(yīng)當(dāng)是連系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，所以不能用被動(dòng)形式，可以排除 語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，而且強(qiáng)調(diào)的是目前的狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在分詞符合。對(duì)癥下藥4.（典型例題）“ We can t go out in this weather,” oatdoBthe wi ndow.A.Io oki ngB.to lookC.lookedD.havi ng looked考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解專家把脈句意是Bob說(shuō)話時(shí)的伴隨動(dòng)作，那么是現(xiàn)在分詞用作伴隨狀語(yǔ)了。此時(shí)沒(méi)有完成式。對(duì)癥下藥5.（ 典型例題）Laws that punish parents for their little childr

5、ens actions against the laws get parentsA.worriedB.to worryC.worry ingD.worry考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解B專家把脈本題考查不定式與分詞作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別。賓補(bǔ)與parents之間有邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此要用過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。get parents worried意思是 使父母擔(dān)心worried表示狀態(tài)。對(duì)癥下藥B6.（典型例題）The rep air cost a lot, but its money wellA. to spendB.spentC. being spentD. spending考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解C專家把脈前文意為：修理花了很多錢。表明動(dòng)

6、作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，過(guò)去分詞作定有完成被動(dòng)的含義。對(duì)癥下藥B專家會(huì)診非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞句法功能的注意事項(xiàng)不定式1.介詞后的動(dòng)詞不定式只限于作介詞except和but的賓語(yǔ)，此時(shí)except/ but意為 除了，除去”。其主要搭配有:can but +動(dòng)詞原形；只能、只得cannot help（choose）but + 動(dòng)詞原形：不能不do nothing but + 動(dòng)詞原形：只做There is nothing to do but + 動(dòng)詞原形： 只有做have no choice but to do:只有做例如:The last bus having gone, I could do nothing bu

7、t go home on foot.（ 省略 to）I cannot choose but tell him the truth.（省略 to）She could do nothing but leave.（省略 to）I have no choice but to cry.（不能省略 to）2.不定式在使役動(dòng)詞have, let, make 以及感官動(dòng)詞 see, look at, watch , notice , observe, hear, listento.例如：to, feel后的賓補(bǔ)，不定式符號(hào)要省略，但這些句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，就必須帶符號(hào)I often hear him sing

8、 this song.He is ofte n heard to sing this song.I saw them p lay in the park.They were see n to p lay in the park.3.不定式作定語(yǔ)與所修飾的名詞之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。如果作定語(yǔ)的不定式使不及物動(dòng)詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是其動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式后須有相應(yīng)的介詞。但名詞way , Place, way 除外。例如 ：He is not a man to tell lies.（主謂關(guān)系）There will not be eno ugh space to s

9、ta nd in on the earth.（ 動(dòng)賓關(guān)系 ）Here is some paper for you to write on.The boy has a nice pen to write with.We found a way to solve this p roblem （in）.通常使用不定式作定語(yǔ)的情況有:（1）不定式表示將來(lái);（2）用來(lái)修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)或no, all , any等限定詞的中心詞。（3）用來(lái)修飾一些抽象名詞，常見的有:ability , disability , chanee, idea, fact, excuse,promise, answer, r

10、eply , attempt, belief, way, reason,time等。例如：During my holidqy I borrowed some books to read.（ 表將來(lái)）She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.（有序數(shù)詞修飾）I have no chance to escape.修飾扌由象名詞 ）Do you have the ability to read French?（修飾抽象名詞）4.不定式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)可以表示目的、原因、結(jié)果或條件。表示目的時(shí)可用in order to

11、 , so as to 換用；表示條件時(shí)，一般把表示條件的動(dòng)詞不定式置于句首，句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常含有will , shall, should, would ,can, must, could等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。例如 ：He sat dow n to have a rest.（表目的 ）He woke up to find everybody gone.（ 表結(jié)果）I m very pl eased to hear from him.表原因，主要是表示喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)To look at him, you cant help laugh條件.,（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有can）He was too excited no

12、t to say a word.（表程度）He is old eno ugh to go to school.（表程度）過(guò)去分詞、不定式和現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別這三種形式作定語(yǔ)，主要是體現(xiàn)在動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間上的區(qū)別。過(guò)去分詞表示的動(dòng)作或是在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之前或是沒(méi)有一定的時(shí)間性；現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生或是與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；不定式的被動(dòng)式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示一個(gè)未來(lái)的動(dòng)作。例如The bridge to be built is named Stone in honor of the hero.（ 將要修建的）The bridge being built is n

13、amed Stone in honor of the hero.（ 正大修建的 ）The bridge built is named Stone in honor of the hero.（ 己經(jīng)修建了的 ）Have you read the novel written by Dicke ns?He is a teacher loved anti respected by all students.（沒(méi)有時(shí)間性 ）Listen! The song being sung is very popular with the young men.（ 表正在）The questi on to be di

14、scussed at the Sun day meeti ng is very important.（表將來(lái)）令人感在英語(yǔ)中，表示 感覺(jué)狀態(tài)”的動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞形式作表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞表示到”，指主語(yǔ)或被修飾的詞給人的感覺(jué)；過(guò)去分詞表示”感到”指主語(yǔ)或被修飾的詞本身的感覺(jué)。例如:interesting令人感興趣的interested感到有興趣的exciting令人感到激動(dòng)的excited感到激動(dòng)的shocking令人感到震驚的shocked感到震驚的過(guò)去分詞、不定式和現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別1.感官動(dòng)詞（see, look at, watch , notice, observe,

15、hear, listen to, feel）禾R使役動(dòng)詞（have, let, make）后的賓補(bǔ)有三種形式，即原形動(dòng)詞（不帶to的不定式）,現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞。現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)和正在進(jìn)行，過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)完成，不定式表示主動(dòng)和完成。注意:make不能接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。例如:I heard her sing a Chin ese song jut now.（表示主動(dòng),完成）I heard her singing a Chinese song when I passed by her room last night.（表示正在進(jìn)行 ）I heard the Chinese song sung m

16、any times.（表示被動(dòng) ）The captain got/have the soldiers moving to ward the front after a short rest.（ 不能用 make）I looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone.（ 表示狀態(tài) ）I was surprised to find my hometown changed a lot.（ 表示完成 ）2.動(dòng)詞leave后接三種形式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，表達(dá)的具體含義是使處于某種狀態(tài)”。例如:It is wrong for you to leave the mac

17、hine running.（ 主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行 ）The guests left most of the dishes untouched.（ 被動(dòng)，完成 ）精品文檔My workmate left, leaving me to do all the rest work.（ 主動(dòng)，將來(lái) ）My workmate left, leaving all the rest work to be done.（ 被動(dòng)，將來(lái)）過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別1. 一般來(lái)說(shuō)，過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)完成的動(dòng)作，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。例如Seen from a distanee, the mountain looke

18、d like a man.Seeing the mountain, he always thinks of his hometown.2. 現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)一般式表示正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)完成的動(dòng)作。例如Being helped by the teacher, she will learn En glish well.Helped by the teacher, she has lear ned En glish well.3. 現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)完成式表示先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作，有時(shí)發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，有時(shí)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，有時(shí)表示未來(lái)的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。例

19、如Having been used for a long time, the watch needs to be mended.t be take nerba vUsed in this way， the word shouldnGiven more time, we will fin ish the work p erfectly.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)一致。如果與句子的主語(yǔ)不一致，那么分詞短語(yǔ)就需要有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這就是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)形式。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是分詞短語(yǔ)意義上的邏輯主語(yǔ)，通常由名詞或代詞來(lái)充當(dāng)，放在分詞之前。因?yàn)闆](méi)有實(shí)際的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)，獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)不

20、是句子，一般放在句首或句末，充當(dāng)時(shí)間、原因、方式等狀語(yǔ)。例如Win ter havi ng come, it s gett ing colder and colder.The homework finished,the child went home.His leg badiy hurt.he had to stay in bed.Time permitting , we ll visit the Summer Palace.She lay aga inst the walLthe sun shinning upon her.從例句可以看出，獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)和句子的主語(yǔ)是兩個(gè)不同的

21、人或物，因此，分詞前的名詞或代詞不能省略。”構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)也可以由“ withZ without +名詞或代詞 +分詞、不定式、形容詞、副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)成。例如：The boy stared at the teacher, with his mouth oponWith his parents away, the boy became naughtier.The teacher came into the classroom.with a book in her hand （ = book in hand）精品文檔5She sat still, with her eyes closed.（被動(dòng)，

22、狀態(tài)）She sat still, with her eyes looking at the ceiling.（ 主動(dòng)，正在）With you to help me , I could do it better.（主動(dòng)，將來(lái)）With a lot of problems settled , the mayor went to have a holiday.（ 被動(dòng)，完成 ）With a lot of problems to be settled , the mayor has a hard time.（ 被動(dòng)，將來(lái)）垂懸分詞作狀語(yǔ)垂懸分詞是現(xiàn)在分詞一種特殊用法，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子非主語(yǔ)部分中指人

23、或物的某一名詞或代詞，或泛指我們”例如：Search ing along the street, it had take n him along time to find a cli nic. （ search ing的邏輯主語(yǔ)是句中him所指的人)Walki ng or slee ping, this subject is always in my mi nd. （walki ng or slee ping的邏輯主語(yǔ)是句中my 所指的我”)Using the electric energy,it is necessary to change its form. （ using 的邏輯主語(yǔ)泛指

24、我們”）he coitrageeto go on.考場(chǎng)思維訓(xùn)練such heavy loss, the bus in essma n did nA. Having sufferedB. Sufferi ng C. To sufferD. Suffered7答案：A2 When last解析:suffering在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生。valuable, those books enjoyed great success.A. findingB. found C. being foundD. to be found答案：B 解析:相當(dāng)于 when last the books were found

25、 valuable。3 How pl eased the detective was _ what his customer told him!A. heari ngB. to hear C. heardD. to heari ng答案：B 解析:be pl eased to do sth.4 I ll tlnk you _ my affairs alone.I will. It is none of my bus in ess.A. to have leftB. for leavi ng C. to leaveD. for havi ng left答案：C 解析:這里不是thank you

26、for(doing)sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，是謝謝的前提。精品文檔命題角度 2 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)1. （ 典型例題蘇 ）Is Bob still performing?I m afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has become an official.A. to have leftB. to leaveC. to have been leftD. to be left考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解C或B專家把脈從句意判斷，動(dòng)作leave后有already修飾，應(yīng)當(dāng)用完成式；其邏輯主語(yǔ)是he,不存在被動(dòng),故選項(xiàng) A 最佳。2 （ 典型例題 ） 對(duì)癥下藥

27、Ain the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.A. Having lostB. Lost C. Being lostD. Losing考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解 A專家把脈受到for a week的影響，考生容易誤選A。這里非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是the two students，而 lose 是及物動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)當(dāng)用被動(dòng)來(lái)表示,或是 lose oneself 結(jié)構(gòu)。選項(xiàng) A 如果改成 Having been lost 也是正確答案。 對(duì)癥下藥 B3. （典型例題 ） I send you 10

28、0 dollars today, the rest _ in a year.A. followsB. followed C. to followD. being followed考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解 專家把脈 本題很容易誤選 A，把它動(dòng)作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意是 今天我送你100美元，其余的等一年之后”,相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句which will follow 的省略。這里動(dòng)詞 follow 是指 “某事在時(shí)間或空間上在其他事物之后 ”的含義。 對(duì)癥下藥 4. （典型例題 ） The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _ the film stars had left

29、.A. to tellB. to be told C. tellingD. told考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解 A專家把脈 only + to do 常用作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),表示一種出乎意外的結(jié)果,意為結(jié)果卻 ”。這里 the newsrepoaers 與 tell 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以不定式中用被動(dòng)形式。 對(duì)癥下藥 B考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解 C5. （典型例題 ） The old man,_ abroad for twenty, years, is on the way back to his motherland.A. to workB. workingC. to have worked精品文檔D. having worked考

30、場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解C專家把脈根據(jù)后面on the way back的提示，可以知道work這一動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束，所以應(yīng)該用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的完成式；再依據(jù)句中的逗號(hào)排除選項(xiàng)C.對(duì)癥下藥D6. （典型例題）You were silly not _ your car.A. to lockB. to have lockedC. lock ingD. havi ng locked精品文檔9考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解A專家把脈You are silly后接不定式一般式表示與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；接不定式的完成式表示先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作。沒(méi)鎖上汽車”是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前的動(dòng)作，所以用完成式。對(duì)癥下藥B7. （典型例題 ）from other con

31、tinents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found inany other country in the world.A. Being sep aratedB. Having sep arated C. Having bee n sep aratedD. To be sep arated考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解A或B專家把脈從題意看，澳大利亞與其他大陸分開有很多年了，動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，又是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動(dòng)式是最合適的。對(duì)癥下藥C1. 動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是不定式所表

32、示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，一般使用不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，形式有一般式和完成式(進(jìn)行式?jīng)]有被動(dòng)式)。例如:Her father disappeared， never to be heard from again . （hear from 禾R his father 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系 ）The book is sid to have been tramlated into many Ianguages . （translate 禾R the book 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系 ）注意：不定式中使用主動(dòng)代替被動(dòng)的情況:(1) 不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式往往用主動(dòng)形式。例如I haven t g

33、ot a key to uniock the door.（to uniock the do（的邏輯主語(yǔ)是 a key）(2) 不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，又和主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式往往用主動(dòng)形式。例如：I haven t got a book to readl為不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)，a book為不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ) )(3) 不定式作賓語(yǔ)形容詞的狀語(yǔ)，和句中的主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成了邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，不定式多用主動(dòng)，實(shí)際上形容詞后省略了 for one或for peopie。例如:The book is difficult （for me） to un dersta nd.He is har

34、d （ for me） to work with.在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果考慮必須有人去完成某事時(shí)，用主動(dòng)；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)事情本身必須完成時(shí)，用被動(dòng)。例如：There is a lot of to be done.（工作被作）There is a lot of to do.（需要人去做）2. 動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)名詞一般式所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或是在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生。如果動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，則用動(dòng)名詞的完成式。如果動(dòng)名詞的邏輯這樣是動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)作的承受者，這時(shí)用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式。例如We are interested in playing ches

35、s.（同時(shí)）She is looking forward to hearing from you again.（ 之后）I m sorrfor not having kept my promise.（ 之前）The little boy was afraid of being left at home alone.（ 被動(dòng)）The house showed no sign of having been damaged/之前，被動(dòng) ）考場(chǎng)思維訓(xùn)練whether they will1 There is no doubt that hik ing is good for the retired co

36、up le, but it rema insenjoy it.A. to seeB. see ingC. to be see nD.seen答案：C解析:不定式和邏輯主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。2_ in 1963,a ndin PhiladeIphia,Charles Petti grew so impressed his teachers that he was sent toBarklee School to study Jazz.A. Being born; havi ng raised B. Bom; raised C. Was born; was raised D. Born; rais in

37、g答案：B解析:沒(méi)有強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的先后。3 I regretyou Joh n has bee n fired.I can hardly believed my ears. He is such a fine workerA. telli ngB. havi ng told C. to tellD. to have told11答案：C解析:在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生。4 Man ager, do you have someth ing _ at this mome nt?精品文檔No, thanks. I ll call you if any.A. to be typedB. to type C. ty

38、pingD. typed精品文檔15答案: A解析 :強(qiáng)調(diào)事情本身必須完成。命題角度 3 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的固定搭配1.（ 典型例題慶 ）What should I do with this passage?to the main idea of each paragraph.A. Finding outD. To find outB. Found outC. Find out 考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解 D專家把脈如果理解成表示目的的不定式就會(huì)誤選D。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境是回答對(duì)方的問(wèn)題做什么what ”回答時(shí)，這里用祈使語(yǔ)氣。 對(duì)癥下藥 C2. （典型例題 ） When asked by the police, he sai

39、d that he rememberat the party, but not _A. to arrived; leavingB. to arrived; to leave C. arriving; leavingD. arriving; to leave 考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解 B專家把脈 forgetrememberregret to do 忘記記住后悔去做某事，forget remember regret doing忘記記得后悔已經(jīng)做過(guò)某事。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，動(dòng)作已發(fā)生，當(dāng)用動(dòng)名詞，同時(shí)but 后要和前文保持一致。 對(duì)癥下藥 C3.（ 典型例題 ）My advisor encouraged _ a summe

40、r course to improve my writing skills.A. for me takingB. me taking C. for me to takeD. me to take 考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解 專家把脈 考生往往會(huì)習(xí)慣想到for sb . t.d.sth .其實(shí)，encourage是及物動(dòng)詞，常用于encourage+賓語(yǔ)+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。 對(duì)癥下藥 4.（典型例題 ）Having been iii in bed for nearly a month,he had a hard time_the exam.A. passB. to pass C. passedD. passing 考場(chǎng)

41、錯(cuò)解 專家把脈 固定結(jié)構(gòu) have a hard time（in）doing something 意為 “好不容易；在方面有困難 ”。 對(duì)癥下藥 5.（ 典型例題春招 ）He looked around and caught a manhis hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. putB. to be putting C. to put精品文檔D. putting 考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解 t see how you can stop her.A. madeB. having made C. makingD. to make 專家把脈 習(xí)慣用語(yǔ) catch someb

42、ody doing something 意為 “偶然撞見某人正在做某事 ”。 對(duì)癥下藥 專家會(huì)診英語(yǔ)中非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的固定搭配是因詞而定，沒(méi)有固定的規(guī)律。考生只有牢記它們的形式，才能成功破題。1.下列動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后面只接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)admit, allow, appreciate, avoid, consider ( 考慮 ) , delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss( 錯(cuò)過(guò) ), practice, risk, resist, suggest, suffer 等動(dòng)詞 ;be used t

43、o(習(xí)慣于),insist on, can Help(情不自禁),can stand (無(wú)法忍受),give up, feel like, keep on.look forward to, put off, devote to,stick to, object to, thank you for, be busy (in) , get down to, lead to, see to, have difficult/trouble (in),have a good/wonderful/hard time (in) 等動(dòng)詞組。2.下列動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后面能接動(dòng)名詞或不定式作賓語(yǔ)，但意義上有區(qū)別：f

44、orget/ remember/ regret to do忘記/記住/后悔去做某事forgetrememberregret doing 忘記記得后悔已經(jīng)做過(guò)某事stop to do 停下來(lái)接著做另一件事 stop doing 停止做一件事mean to do 意欲、企圖做某事 mean doing 意味著做某事go on to do 做完某事接著做另一件事 go on doing 繼續(xù)做同一件事try to do 努力、試圖做某事 try doing 嘗試著做某事3. 有些短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)是固定結(jié)構(gòu)), supposing/judging from, generally/ frankly/ hone

45、stly/ strictly speaking, considering (that). (考慮到providing (that).(彳假女0 ),seeing ( that ).(既然，由于),to tell you the truth, to make things worse,to begin with（首先，第一 ）。例如 :Judging from his accent, he must be a southerner.Tuning to the left, he saw a bus passing.Considering everything, he did a good job.

46、Seeing (that) she is lawfully old enough to get married, I don考場(chǎng)思維訓(xùn)練1 I lost my way in complete darkness and, _ matters worse, it began to rain.答案 : DA. to knowB. knowing C. knownD. to be known解析:to make matters worse是固定搭配，意為情況更糟糕的是”。un til last Sun day.2 The result was not made答案：C 解析:改成主動(dòng)句 “ They

47、did n t make the result kn ow n un til lasts Sun day即知是分詞充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)。3 When he got off the bus, he found his po cketD. miss ingA. stole nB. p icked C. gone答案：B 解析:pickone s pocke意為 扒某人口袋”，這里是have sth.done句型。4 I really app reciate _ to relax with you on this nice isla nd.A. to have had timeB. havi ng time C

48、. to have timeD. to havi ng time答案：B 解析:appreciate接ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。命題角度4非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞邏輯主語(yǔ)的表達(dá)形式和否定形式1.（典型例題徽）I really cant understandher like thatA. you treatB. you to treatC. why treatD. youtreat ing考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解A或B專家把脈 本題題干相當(dāng)于 I really can t understand why you treated her like that，而 understand 不能用于understand sb.to do sth

49、.結(jié)構(gòu)中。這里用動(dòng)名詞形式,you是其邏輯主語(yǔ)。對(duì)癥下藥D2.（典型例題）the P rogram, they have to stay there for ano ther two week.A. Not compi etedB. Not compi et ingC. Not havi ng compi etedD. Havi ng not compi eted考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解A專家把脈根據(jù)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定形式的構(gòu)成，排除D ;再根據(jù)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與句子主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系，排除B;句意是 沒(méi)有完成編程”的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在have to stay動(dòng)作之前，所以用完成式對(duì)癥下藥C3. （典型例題春招 ）Victor ap

50、ologized for _ to in form me of the change in the plan.A. his being not ableB. him not to be ableC. his not being ableD. him to be not able考場(chǎng)錯(cuò)解B專家把脈動(dòng)名詞的否定形式是由not+動(dòng)名詞構(gòu)成的，動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由物主代詞或名詞所有格精品文檔動(dòng)名詞構(gòu)成。對(duì)癥下藥CIt is imp Orta nt for us to work hard. （ to work is imp orta nt.只能用 for）It is kind of you to help

51、 me to clea n the room. （you are kind. 只能用 of）We want to go with you to have a picnic.Little Tom liked to be take n to the cin ema.I want the report to be typed as quickly as po ssible.The man ager asked me to type the report as quickly as p ossible.Tom s coming surprised all of us.主語(yǔ)）His not attend

52、ing the meeting made the manager very angry.（主語(yǔ)）Would you mi nd me/ my opening the win dow?（ 賓語(yǔ)）They ali thought Tom s/ Tom going there a great mis賓kb）（Is there any hope of their team winning the game?（無(wú)生命）of或for的介詞賓語(yǔ),專家會(huì)診非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)也就是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者。在不定式中，邏輯主語(yǔ)是或是句子的主語(yǔ)，或是句子的賓語(yǔ)。例如:It is important for us

53、to work hard.（to work is important.只能用 for）It is kind of you to help me to clean the room.（you are kind. 只能用 of）We want to go with you to have a picnic.Little Tom liked to be taken to the cinema.I want the report to be typed as quickly as possible.The manager asked me to type the report as quickly a

54、s possible.動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須是形容詞性物主代詞或名詞的所有格；作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是形容詞性物主代詞、人稱代詞、名詞的所有格或普通格：無(wú)生命名詞或有生命的名詞表示泛指時(shí)，必須用名詞的普通格或人稱代詞的賓格。例如:Tom S comingsurprised all of us （主語(yǔ)）His not attending the meeting made the manager very angry.（主語(yǔ)）Would you mind me/my opening the window?（ 賓語(yǔ)）They all thought Tom s /Tom goingthere a great mistake.（賓語(yǔ)）Is there any hope of their team winning the game ?（無(wú)生命）精品文檔19I have never heard of women landing the moon.（ 有生命，但表泛指 ）（見上文）。分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)和主句