2020-2021學(xué)年英語(yǔ)牛津譯林版第一冊(cè)教學(xué)案：UnitGetting along with others 突破 語(yǔ)法大沖關(guān)含解析

1、學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精2020-2021學(xué)年英語(yǔ)新教材牛津譯林版必修第一冊(cè)教學(xué)案：unit 3 getting along with others 突破 語(yǔ)法大沖關(guān)含解析由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾主句或主句中某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)。限制性定語(yǔ)從句表現(xiàn)為在意義上是先行詞不可缺少的定語(yǔ)，若省略，主句的內(nèi)容就不完整或失去意義；它和主句的關(guān)系十分密切，不可用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。先行詞是被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞。關(guān)系詞指代先行詞,在從句中作一定的句子成分.引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有which,that,who,whom,whose，as等。觀察例句1do

2、 you know the man that/who is waiting outside。2he showed me the photos （that/which） he took on his trip to xian.3simon is the poor man whose car has been stolen。4i like the way （that/in which) she smiles.5the trees that/which are behind the office building have lost their leaves.6then another big qu

3、ake which was almost as strong as the first one shook tangshan。7the army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead。8workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed。歸納用法一、定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞先行詞是定語(yǔ)從句修飾和限定的成分，從構(gòu)成上而言,它可以是名詞、代詞、名詞性短語(yǔ)等；從句子成分上而言，它可以是主句的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。下面，我們從

4、兩個(gè)實(shí)例來(lái)看一下定語(yǔ)從句及其相關(guān)成分的分布:即學(xué)即練1找出下列句中的定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞is this the book which your father bought for you?the bookwho is the man that is speaking to your mother？the manthey rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.the mansome people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields。some

5、 people二、關(guān)系代詞的用法1that的用法that既可指人也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中通常作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，而且作賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)時(shí)?？墒÷?。this is the book。i want to read it.this is the book （that)i want to read。這就是我想讀的那本書(shū)。（that指代the book，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ))即學(xué)即練2使用定語(yǔ)從句合并句子，并寫出關(guān)系詞that在從句中作什么成分this is the house.lu xun once lived in the house.this is the house （that) lu xun o

6、nce lived in（that在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)）jack is no longer a lazy boy。he used to be a lazy boy.jack is no longer a lazy boy that he used to be(that在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)）the boy is tom。the boy is studying in the classroom。the boy that is studying in the classroom is tom.（that在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ))i dont like the way。he looks at me in the

7、 way。i dont like the way （that） he looks at me（that在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)）2which的用法which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ),常與that互換使用.the houses overlook the lake.they cost more。the houses which/that overlook the lake cost more.俯瞰湖泊的房子價(jià)格高一些。(which指代the houses，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ))即學(xué)即練3單句語(yǔ)法填空maybe you have a habit that/which is driving your

8、family crazy.finally he reached a lonely island that/which was completely cut off from the outside world。3who的用法who指人,在定語(yǔ)從句中通常作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。the tall man is yao ming.yao ming is playing basketball.the tall man who is playing basketball is yao ming.正在打籃球的那個(gè)很高的人是姚明。(who指代yao ming，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)）即學(xué)即練4寫出下面句

9、子中who作什么成分dickson is an able worker who we all value highly。賓語(yǔ)the boy who is standing there is my cousin。主語(yǔ)4whom的用法whom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，?？墒÷?this is the girl。i met the girl in the street.this is the girl whom i met in the street。這是我在街上遇到的那個(gè)女孩。(whom指代the girl，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ))即學(xué)即練5翻譯句子大家都喜歡的這位男士很善良。the man （wh

10、om） everyone likes is kind。杰克不再是五年前我見(jiàn)到的杰克了.jack is no longer the person（that/who/whom）i met five years ago.5whose的用法whose既可指人也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),指人時(shí),相當(dāng)于of whom the；指物時(shí),相當(dāng)于of which the。i have read the book。i like its characters very much。i have read the book whose/of which the characters i like very much。

11、我已經(jīng)讀了這本書(shū)，我很喜歡它里面的人物。(whose指代先行詞the book，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ))即學(xué)即練6用定語(yǔ)從句合并句子this is the scientist。his achievements are well known。this is the scientist whose achievements are well knowndont stand close to the house。its roof is under repair.dont stand close to the house whose roof is under repair6關(guān)系代詞that與which

12、的區(qū)別情況用that還是which先行詞是不定代詞或被不定代詞修飾that先行詞是序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)修飾that先行詞前有the very，the only等修飾that先行詞既指人也指物that先行詞前有疑問(wèn)代詞which時(shí)thatthere be句型中，句子的主語(yǔ)是先行詞而且又是指物的名詞that句中已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過(guò)that或which交替使用先行詞為主句的表語(yǔ)或關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)that關(guān)系代詞前面有介詞which關(guān)系代詞后面帶有插入語(yǔ)which即學(xué)即練7選詞填空：which，thatthe scientist and his achievements that

13、you told me about are admired by us all。here is the book about which i told you yesterday。this is the best way that is to be used against pollution。here is the english grammar book which，as ive told you，will help you improve your english。all the presents that your friends gave you on your birthday s

14、hould be put away.this is the very book that i have been looking for。三、關(guān)系代詞的省略關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),通?？梢允÷?。the man(whom/who）you saw just now is our manager。你剛才見(jiàn)到的那個(gè)人是我們的經(jīng)理.is there anything（that）i can do for you？有什么我能為你效勞的嗎？即學(xué)即練8請(qǐng)用關(guān)系代詞填空并用括號(hào)標(biāo)出可以省略的關(guān)系代詞this is the most interesting story （that) i have ever rea

15、d.this is the person whose story surprised everybody.he often helps the students who he thinks are not quick at their study。who was the woman (that) you were talking with？.單句語(yǔ)法填空1i still remember the earthquake that/which happened in 2008 in sichuan。2have you read the book that/which was written by

16、anne frank？3the first thing that he did after arriving home was doing his homework.4is this the teacher who/that rescued several students from the burning building?5do you know the lady who/that/whom our english teacher is talking with under the big tree？6it is the tallest building that daming has e

17、ver seen since he came here。7my father bought a new bike for me whose price added up to more than 1，000 yuan.8she said she would do anything that could help her mother recover from the disease.9anyone who has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising。10the boy and the dog that are in the pi

18、cture are very lovely。短文語(yǔ)法填空id skipped nearby guilin，1.which is a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the li river 2。that/which are pictured by artists in so many chinese paintings。instead,id headed straight for yangshuo.for those 3。who fly to guilin,its only an hour away by