-ing與-todo的區(qū)別

1、1. 時(shí)態(tài)：時(shí)態(tài)： 2. 某些動(dòng)詞的用法：某些動(dòng)詞的用法： 3. 要點(diǎn)：要點(diǎn)： 4. 適當(dāng)結(jié)尾，合理發(fā)揮適當(dāng)結(jié)尾，合理發(fā)揮 一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí) 請(qǐng)避免漢式英語(yǔ)，注重漢英區(qū)別請(qǐng)避免漢式英語(yǔ)，注重漢英區(qū)別 happen; witness; burn; fire Therere many people arrived. The fire burnt so well that no one can close it. 火災(zāi)情況火災(zāi)情況 Thats all. Above is my account of the fire. My name is Lihua and I am studying at c

2、ollege. At about 5 pm last Friday, I was going to visit a friend of mine. When I came to a crossroads near WuYi Road, I saw a building smoking. It was just opposite to me and soon burning flames could be seen. Many people rushed out and someone even cried. I immediately dialed 119. In no time the fi

3、refighters came to the recue. As soon as the firefighters came to the spot, they got down to doing their business. Some sprayed water into the burning building, some rushed into the building to save the people who were still in it, others began to disperse the crowd. After about 40 minutes struggle,

4、 the fire was put out. Luckily, nobody was injured in the fire. I sincerely wish there would be no more fire in future. 動(dòng)詞不定式與動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別動(dòng)詞不定式與動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別 一、作主語(yǔ)一、作主語(yǔ) 一般情況下一般情況下,不定式與動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)可以不定式與動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)可以 互換互換,也常?？梢杂靡渤３？梢杂胕t充當(dāng)形式主語(yǔ)充當(dāng)形式主語(yǔ),而把不而把不 定式和動(dòng)名詞放在句子的后半部分。但二定式和動(dòng)名詞放在句子的后半部分。但二 者也有區(qū)別者也有區(qū)別,不定式常常指某次具體的、將不定式常常指某次

5、具體的、將 要發(fā)生的行為要發(fā)生的行為;而動(dòng)名詞則表示一般的、抽而動(dòng)名詞則表示一般的、抽 象的行為象的行為。例如。例如: To save money now is not easy. 現(xiàn)在攢錢(qián)不容易?，F(xiàn)在攢錢(qián)不容易。 Saving money is a good habit. 攢錢(qián)是個(gè)好習(xí)慣。攢錢(qián)是個(gè)好習(xí)慣。 真題回放真題回放 1. _ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed 動(dòng)詞不定式

6、與動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別動(dòng)詞不定式與動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別 二、作賓語(yǔ)二、作賓語(yǔ) 有些動(dòng)詞后只能跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)有些動(dòng)詞后只能跟不定式作賓語(yǔ),不能跟動(dòng)不能跟動(dòng) 名詞作賓語(yǔ)名詞作賓語(yǔ);有些動(dòng)詞后常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)有些動(dòng)詞后常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ), 不能跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)不能跟不定式作賓語(yǔ);有些動(dòng)詞后跟不定式有些動(dòng)詞后跟不定式 和動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)皆可和動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)皆可,但意思不同，同學(xué)們但意思不同，同學(xué)們 應(yīng)熟記這幾組詞。另外還要熟記下面幾點(diǎn)：應(yīng)熟記這幾組詞。另外還要熟記下面幾點(diǎn)： 1）某些短語(yǔ)中的某些短語(yǔ)中的to是介詞是介詞,其后跟動(dòng)名詞其后跟動(dòng)名詞,不不 跟不定式。跟不定式。 be (get) used to習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于;look

7、 forward to 盼望盼望;pay attention to注意注意;get down to開(kāi)開(kāi) 始認(rèn)真做始認(rèn)真做;lead to通向、導(dǎo)致通向、導(dǎo)致;prefer doing . to doing .寧愿做寧愿做.而不愿而不愿 做做.;stick to堅(jiān)持堅(jiān)持;devote ones life (time, oneself) to獻(xiàn)身于、致力于獻(xiàn)身于、致力于;object to反對(duì)反對(duì);in addition to .除除.之外之外;on the way to .在去在去.的路上、正要成為的路上、正要成為. 2）不定式除可用在不定式除可用在except, but, besides等后作

8、等后作 賓語(yǔ)之外賓語(yǔ)之外,一般不用作介詞賓語(yǔ)一般不用作介詞賓語(yǔ)。此時(shí)。此時(shí),不定式不定式 能否省略能否省略to,取決于其前是否有行為動(dòng)詞取決于其前是否有行為動(dòng)詞do或或 其相應(yīng)形式。有則省略其相應(yīng)形式。有則省略,無(wú)則不能省略。例如無(wú)則不能省略。例如: She did nothing but wash some clothes that day. We had no choice except to walk home. 3) 動(dòng)名詞除了其一般式動(dòng)名詞除了其一般式doing,還有完成式還有完成式 having done以及一般式的被動(dòng)形式以及一般式的被動(dòng)形式being done和完成式的被動(dòng)形式

9、和完成式的被動(dòng)形式having been done;動(dòng)名詞前可以加上邏輯主語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞前可以加上邏輯主語(yǔ),構(gòu)成動(dòng)構(gòu)成動(dòng) 名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu):sbs doing。不定式的完。不定式的完 成式成式to have done表示在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前已表示在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前已 經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,而不定式的一般式而不定式的一般式to do表示表示 動(dòng)作將要發(fā)生。不定式還有其被動(dòng)形式動(dòng)作將要發(fā)生。不定式還有其被動(dòng)形式:to be done(表示將來(lái)的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作表示將來(lái)的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作)和和to have been done(表示過(guò)去的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作表示過(guò)去的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作) Im sorry for not having

10、kept my promise. 真題回放真題回放 2. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _ some schools for poor children. A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up 三、作表語(yǔ)三、作表語(yǔ) 不定式與動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別與作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不定式與動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別與作主語(yǔ)時(shí) 相同相同。例如。例如: My job is teaching English. 我的工作是教我的工作是教 英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)。(泛指泛指,多次性抽象行為多次性抽象行為) Y

11、our task is to go and help the farmers. 你的工作是去幫助那些農(nóng)民。你的工作是去幫助那些農(nóng)民。(特指特指,一次性具一次性具 體行為體行為) 真題回放 3. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen 四、作定語(yǔ)四、作定語(yǔ) 不定式多為后置定語(yǔ)不定式多為后置定語(yǔ),動(dòng)名詞多為前置動(dòng)名詞多為前置 定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ);不定式多表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作不定式多表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作,動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞 只能表示事物的屬性、用途等只能表示事物的屬性、用途等。例如。例如: He is looking for a room to live in. Take these sleeping pills and youll sleep better. 注意注意:不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)通常與其前的名詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)通常與其前的名詞(代詞代詞)構(gòu)構(gòu) 成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。如果作定語(yǔ)的不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞如果作定語(yǔ)的不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞, 其后通常要加上相應(yīng)的介詞其后通常