人教版八年級上冊英語《Unit 1 Section A Grammar Focus-3c 》PPT課件

1、Section A Grammar Focus-3cSection A Grammar Focus-3c Objectives u To practice the usage of anyone, someone, everyone, anything, something, everything and nothing. u To learn new words: myself, yourself, hen, pig, seem, bored, someone, diary u To sum up the simple past tense. Where did you go on your

2、 vacation? Did you go to the zoo? Were there any? What else did you do? Lets talk! Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City. Did you go out with anyone? No, no one was here. Everyone was on vacation. Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for my father. How was the food?N

3、o, I bought nothing. Did everyone have a good time? Oh, yes. Everything was excellent. Grammar Focus 1. 你去了什么地方去度假？你去了什么地方去度假？ _ _ you go on _? 2. 我去了紐約市。我去了紐約市。 I _ _ New York City. 3. 你和別的什么人一起去的嗎？你和別的什么人一起去的嗎？ _ _ go out with _? vacationWhere did went to Did you anyone 認真讀并觀察認真讀并觀察Grammar focus內(nèi)容

4、，完成下列句子內(nèi)容，完成下列句子 并試著總結(jié)一般過去時態(tài)的用法。并試著總結(jié)一般過去時態(tài)的用法。 4. 不，沒有別人在這兒。每個人都在度假。不，沒有別人在這兒。每個人都在度假。 No. _ _ was here. _ was on _. 5. 你買了什么特別的東西了嗎？你買了什么特別的東西了嗎？ _ you buy _ _? 6. 是的，我為我爸爸買了些東西。是的，我為我爸爸買了些東西。 Yes, I _ _ for my father. 7. 不，我沒有買什么東西。不，我沒有買什么東西。 No, I _ _. No one Everyone vacation anything special

5、Did bought something bought nothing 8. 吃的怎么樣？吃的怎么樣？_ _ the food? 9. 所有的東西嘗起來都很好。所有的東西嘗起來都很好。 _ _ really good. 10. 每個人都玩得很開心嗎？每個人都玩得很開心嗎？ _ _ have a good time? 11. 哦，是的。一切都很棒。哦，是的。一切都很棒。 Oh, yes. _ was excellent. How was Everything tasted Did everyone Everything The simple past tense 一般過去時一般過去時 1.定義定

6、義: 1) 表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)， 常和表示過去的常和表示過去的時間狀語時間狀語(如如yesterday, last night, in 1990, two days ago.)連用；連用； 2) 也也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作，常和表示，常和表示頻度的頻度的 時間狀語時間狀語(如如often, always)連用。連用。 一般過去時一般過去時 有哪些時間狀語可以用來描述過去？有哪些時間狀語可以用來描述過去？ 一般過去時常與表示過去的時間狀語或從句連用一般過去時常與表示過去的時間狀語或從句連用。 a）時間狀語

7、）時間狀語 ago（two hours ago（一段時間（一段時間+ago） yesterday（句子開頭或結(jié)尾）（句子開頭或結(jié)尾） the day before yesterday last week, last (year, night, month) 具體時間（具體時間（如如Jan. fourth) just now at the age of one day long ago once upon a time（很久以前）（很久以前） and so on this morning long long ago Sentences I did my homework yesterday. I

8、 played soccer last Sunday. I cleaned my room last week. I went to the beach three years ago. I played tennis with my friends last weekend. I went to the movies three days ago. 注注：“過去過去”的概念并不是只指如的概念并不是只指如“yesterday, last week,”等，實際上等，實際上“與現(xiàn)在對立的過去與現(xiàn)在對立的過去”，亦即，亦即 “非現(xiàn)在的以前非現(xiàn)在的以前”，哪怕是，哪怕是“過了說話時間的幾分鐘之過了說話

9、時間的幾分鐘之 前前”，只要所要表達的時間與說話時的，只要所要表達的時間與說話時的“現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在”形成對形成對 立，就必須使用一般過去時來表達。在談到已死去的人立，就必須使用一般過去時來表達。在談到已死去的人 的情況時，多用過去時。的情況時，多用過去時。 e.g. He was here only a few minutes ago. 僅僅幾分鐘前他還在這里。僅僅幾分鐘前他還在這里。 I came home just now. 我剛回到家。我剛回到家。 I got up very early this morning. 今天早晨我起床很早。今天早晨我起床很早。 He was late for sc

10、hool again today. 今天他又遲到了。今天他又遲到了。 a）動詞變化規(guī)則）動詞變化規(guī)則 規(guī)則變化規(guī)則變化: 1. 直接加直接加ed： work worked looklooked playplayed 2. 以以e結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加d： live lived hopehoped useused 3. 以輔音字母以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變結(jié)尾的，變y為為i加加ed： study studied carrycarried worryworried 4. 以元音字母以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的，直接加結(jié)尾的，直接加ed： enjoy enjoyed playplayed 5.

11、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，雙寫最后的輔音字母以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，雙寫最后的輔音字母+ed： stop stopped planplanned 規(guī)則動詞過去式詞尾規(guī)則動詞過去式詞尾-ed的讀音的讀音 讀音規(guī)則讀音規(guī)則讀讀 音音例例 詞詞 在濁輔音和元音后面在濁輔音和元音后面 /d/ moved /mu:vd/ 在濁輔音和元音后面在濁輔音和元音后面/t/ passed /pa:st/ 在清輔音后面在清輔音后面/id/needed /ni:did/ am, iswas arewere gowent dodid havehad comecame taketook saysaid eatate seesaw

12、getgot putput sleepslept givegave writewrote readread b）動詞不規(guī)則變化動詞不規(guī)則變化 /red/ buybought sitsat runran swim swam makemade feelfelt hearheard growgrew telltold knowknew findfound beginbegan bring brought standstood spendspent catchcaught teachtaught 動詞不規(guī)則變化動詞不規(guī)則變化 u基本結(jié)構(gòu)：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動詞的過去式動詞的過去式 PresentPast

13、amwas iswas arewere 單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) I was we were you were (一個人一個人) you were (不只一人不只一人) she was they were he was it was 肯定句：主語肯定句：主語+was (were) +其它其它. e.g. I was late yesterday. 昨天我遲到了。昨天我遲到了。 否定句：主語否定句：主語+was (were) +not+其它其它. e.g. We werent late yesterday. 我們昨天沒遲到。我們昨天沒遲到。 Be 動詞的一般過去時態(tài)構(gòu)成：動詞的一般過去時態(tài)構(gòu)成： 疑問句

14、：疑問句：Was (Were) +主語主語+其它其它? e.g. Were you ill yesterday? 你昨天病了嗎？你昨天病了嗎？ 肯定回答：肯定回答： Yes, I was. 是的，我病了。是的，我病了。 否定句：否定句： No, I wasnt. 不，我沒病。不，我沒病。 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問句： 特殊疑問詞特殊疑問詞+was (were) +主語主語+其它其它? e.g. When were you born? 你是什么時候出生的？你是什么時候出生的？ A:How your vacation, Lin? B: It pretty good. A: How the beache

15、s? B: They great. A: How the weather? B: It hot and wet. A: How the people? B: They unfriendly. A:How the stores? B: They expensive. was was were were was was were were were were Be am/is(was) are(were) Be 填空填空 肯定句肯定句要使用動詞的要使用動詞的過去式過去式，否定句和疑問句否定句和疑問句要要 使用助動詞使用助動詞do和和 does 的過去式的過去式 did。 肯定句：主語肯定句：主語+

16、動詞過去式動詞過去式+其它其它. e.g. I went home at nine oclock yesterday. 我昨天九點鐘回的家。我昨天九點鐘回的家。 否定句：主語否定句：主語+didnt +動詞原形動詞原形+其它其它. e.g. I didnt go home yesterday. 我昨天沒回家。我昨天沒回家。 實義動詞的一般過去時態(tài)實義動詞的一般過去時態(tài) 疑問句：疑問句：Did +主語主語+動詞原形動詞原形+其它其它. e.g. Did you go home yesterday? 你昨天回家了嗎？你昨天回家了嗎？ 肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes, I did. 是的，我回了。是的，

17、我回了。 否定回答：否定回答：No, I didnt. 不，我沒回家。不，我沒回家。 一般過去式的構(gòu)成形式一般過去式的構(gòu)成形式 肯定式肯定式疑問式疑問式否定式否定式 I workedDid I workI did not work He /She/It worked Did he /she/it work He /She/It did not work We workedDid we workWe did not work You workedDid you workYou did not work They workedDid they workThey did not work 動詞一般過

18、去時，表示過去發(fā)生的事；動詞一般過去時，表示過去發(fā)生的事； be用用was或用或用were, have, has變變had； 謂語動詞過去式，過去時間作標志；謂語動詞過去式，過去時間作標志； 一般動詞加一般動詞加-ed，若是特殊得硬記。，若是特殊得硬記。 否定句很簡單，主語之后否定句很簡單，主語之后didnt添；添； 疑問句也不難，疑問句也不難，did放在主語前；放在主語前； 如果謂語之前有如果謂語之前有did，謂語動詞需還原；，謂語動詞需還原； 動詞若是動詞若是was, were,否定就把否定就把not添。添。 易易 記記 歌歌 謠謠 Last summer, I _to the beach

19、 with my parents. My vacation _pretty good . I _there by bus _my bus trip_ relaxing. The beach _ very beautiful . It _sunny. I _ beach volleyball and _swimming. The people _ friendly and the food was _. I _my vacation very much and I _to go there again. went waswent andwaswas was were delicious enjo

20、yed hope played went Write about your vacation and give a report. 某人某人某事某事 任何人任何人任何事任何事 沒有人沒有人沒有東西沒有東西 每人每人一切一切 someone anyone no one everyone somebody anybody nobody everybody something anything nothing everything 復(fù)合不定代詞小結(jié)： 1. some, any, no, every與與-one, -thing ，-body可以可以 組成復(fù)合不定代詞，他們分別是：組成復(fù)合不定代詞，他們

21、分別是： 2. 復(fù)合不定代詞用法復(fù)合不定代詞用法 (1) some系列的系列的不定代詞和不定代詞和some一樣主要用于一樣主要用于肯肯 定句定句；any系列系列的不定代詞和的不定代詞和any一樣主要用于一樣主要用于否否 定或疑問句定或疑問句。如：。如： There is _ wrong with my bike. 我的自行車出毛病了。我的自行車出毛病了。 I cant see _in the classroom. 在教室里我沒看見任何人。在教室里我沒看見任何人。 something anyone 不過，在表示不過，在表示請求、建議或征求意見的疑問句中請求、建議或征求意見的疑問句中 常用常用so

22、me系列的詞系列的詞。 eg. Would you like _to drink? 你想要一些喝的東西嗎？你想要一些喝的東西嗎？ 在表達在表達“任何任何”這一含義的肯定句中也要用這一含義的肯定句中也要用 any系列的詞系列的詞。 eg. I think_ can do it. 我認為任何人都會做。我認為任何人都會做。 anyone something (2) 修飾復(fù)合不定代詞修飾復(fù)合不定代詞something, anyone等的等的adj,adv,to do不定式等不定式等要放在不定代詞的后面。如：要放在不定代詞的后面。如： Did you meet _? 你遇見有趣的人了嗎？你遇見有趣的人了

23、嗎？ I have _ to do today. 我今天沒什么事可做。我今天沒什么事可做。 Theres _ in the newspaper today. 今天的報紙里有一些重要的內(nèi)容。今天的報紙里有一些重要的內(nèi)容。 anyone interesting nothing something important (4) no 系列的不定代詞可與系列的不定代詞可與not.any 系列系列 的不定代詞替換。的不定代詞替換。 eg. I bought nothing.= I_buy _. 我什么也沒買。我什么也沒買。 didntanything (3)這些不定代詞作主語時看作單數(shù)，謂語動詞用這些不定

24、代詞作主語時看作單數(shù)，謂語動詞用 單數(shù)形式。單數(shù)形式。 eg. Everyone _ on vacation last weekends. 上周末上周末所有的人都在度假。所有的人都在度假。 was Linda: Did you do_ fun on your vacation, Alice? Alice: Yes, I did. I went to Sanya. Linda: How did you like it? Alice: Well, it was my first time there, so_ was really interesting. Fill in the blanks w

25、ith the words in the box and practice the conversation. anything everything 3 a anyone something anything everything nothing Linda: Did you go with_? Alice: Yes, I did. I went with my sister. Linda: Did you go shopping? Alice: Of course! I bought_ for my parents, but _for myself. Linda: Why didnt yo

26、u buy_ for yourself? Alice: I didnt really see _I liked. anyone something nothing anything anything Dear Bill, How was your vacation? Did you do _ interesting? Did_ in the family go with you? I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family. _was great. anything everything nothing everyone

27、 no one Fill in the blanks in the e-mail message with the words in the box. anything everyone Everything 3 b We fed some hens and saw some baby pigs. They were so cute! The only problem was that there was _ much to do in the evening but read. Still _ seemed to be bored. Bye for now! Mark nothing no

28、one Did youEveryone Someone(write the classmates name ) No one eat anything at a restaurant? read anything interesting? visit anyone in your family? buy anything? keep a diary? Ask your group questions about their last vacation. Then tell the class your results. In our group, everyone ate something

29、at a restaurant. 3 c 2.anyone, someone, everyone, no one, anything, something, everything ， nothing 等復(fù)合不定代詞等復(fù)合不定代詞 的用法。的用法。 Summary 1.一般過去時態(tài)的構(gòu)成、用法，一般過去時態(tài)的構(gòu)成、用法， 動詞過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則。動詞過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則。 1.get 2.say 3.have 4.be 5.tell 6.think 7.write 8.drive 9.run 10.read I. 寫出下列單詞的過去式。 gotsaid hadwas, were toldthought

30、 wrote drove ranread 11. see 12. stand 13. put 14. eat 15. buy 16. drink 17. sleep 18. come 19. play 20. study 21. listen saw stood putate boughtdrank sleptcame played studied listened II. 用所給動詞的適當形式填空。 1. We _ (live) in Japan last year. 2. Jack_ (stop) the car last Sunday. 3. Tom _ (clean) his room

31、 and _ (study) for the Chinese test last weekend. 4.What _ you _(do) last night? 5.On Sunday morning I _ (play) tennis. lived stopped cleanedstudied diddo played III. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。 1. Lucy did her homework at home. （改否定句）（改否定句） 2. He found some meat in the fridge(冰箱冰箱). （變一般疑問句（變一般疑問句) 3. She stayed there for a week.（畫線部分提問）（畫線部分提問） Lucy didnt do her homework at home. Did he find any meat in the fridge? How long did she stay there? 4. She went to the beach last Sunday. (變一般疑問句變一般疑問句) 5.They stayed at home on vacation.(就畫線部分提問就畫線部分提問) Did she go to the beach