英語專四語法專題分析

1、專四詞匯語法應(yīng)對策略專四詞匯語法應(yīng)對策略 方立寧方立寧 20090151404 李鴻雁李鴻雁 20090151410 李瑩李瑩 20090151412 鄭玉萍鄭玉萍 20090151425 莊靜宜莊靜宜 20090151427 近年來專業(yè)四級(jí)考試中近年來專業(yè)四級(jí)考試中Grammar and Vocabulary部分中，約部分中，約50%為語為語 法結(jié)構(gòu)。法結(jié)構(gòu)。 語法語法考題的涉及面寬，幾乎所有詞類；三考題的涉及面寬，幾乎所有詞類；三 種動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式；各種從句及關(guān)系詞種動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式；各種從句及關(guān)系詞 的用法；動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、虛擬語氣、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法；動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、虛擬語氣、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 的用法；獨(dú)立

2、主格，主謂一致，倒裝，強(qiáng)的用法；獨(dú)立主格，主謂一致，倒裝，強(qiáng) 調(diào)、并列結(jié)構(gòu)等基本語法知識(shí)。這些還會(huì)調(diào)、并列結(jié)構(gòu)等基本語法知識(shí)。這些還會(huì) 反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。 語法的應(yīng)對策略：語法的應(yīng)對策略： 1全面掌握基本語法點(diǎn)，重點(diǎn)記住各個(gè)全面掌握基本語法點(diǎn)，重點(diǎn)記住各個(gè) 項(xiàng)目中的項(xiàng)目中的“偏，特，難偏，特，難”點(diǎn)。點(diǎn)。 2掌握常用習(xí)慣用法和詞組。掌握常用習(xí)慣用法和詞組。 3注意在閱讀中培養(yǎng)語感，因?yàn)樵谡Z篇注意在閱讀中培養(yǎng)語感，因?yàn)樵谡Z篇 層次上培養(yǎng)的語感往往可以直接幫助答題。層次上培養(yǎng)的語感往往可以直接幫助答題。 4研究以往考試試題，適當(dāng)做些練習(xí)記研究以往考試試題，適當(dāng)做些練習(xí)記 住典型題例。住典型題例。

3、 專業(yè)四級(jí)考試要求我們掌握的語法內(nèi)容，具體專業(yè)四級(jí)考試要求我們掌握的語法內(nèi)容，具體 如下：如下： 1. 1. 名詞：可數(shù)及不可數(shù)名詞；抽象、專有、物質(zhì)名詞：可數(shù)及不可數(shù)名詞；抽象、專有、物質(zhì) 名詞的數(shù)；名詞的數(shù)；s s 屬格的各種意義；某些以屬格的各種意義；某些以-s -s 結(jié)尾的結(jié)尾的 名詞的數(shù)；集體名詞的數(shù)。名詞的數(shù)；集體名詞的數(shù)。 2. 2. 限定詞：限定詞與三類名詞的搭配關(guān)系；限定限定詞：限定詞與三類名詞的搭配關(guān)系；限定 詞與限定詞的搭配關(guān)系；冠詞的類指、特指和獨(dú)指；詞與限定詞的搭配關(guān)系；冠詞的類指、特指和獨(dú)指； 冠詞的習(xí)慣用法；冠詞的習(xí)慣用法； some, any some, any

4、 和和 no no 的用法。的用法。 3. 3. 代詞：不定代詞代詞：不定代詞one, some, anyone one, some, anyone 及不定代及不定代 詞詞one, they, we, you, heone, they, we, you, he的用法；物主代詞，非的用法；物主代詞，非 人稱代詞的用法；反身代詞及其他動(dòng)詞賓語的用法。人稱代詞的用法；反身代詞及其他動(dòng)詞賓語的用法。 4. 4. 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完動(dòng)詞的時(shí)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完 成體；一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去完成體；成體；一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去完成體； 將來時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)等的各

5、種表達(dá)法和用法；情將來時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)等的各種表達(dá)法和用法；情 態(tài)動(dòng)詞的各種用法；虛擬式，被動(dòng)態(tài)的用法；不態(tài)動(dòng)詞的各種用法；虛擬式，被動(dòng)態(tài)的用法；不 定式和不定式分句，定式和不定式分句，-ing -ing 分詞和分詞和inging分句、分句、 eded分詞和分詞和 eded分句的用法。分句的用法。 5. 5. 定語從句，名詞性從句（包括賓語、主語、定語從句，名詞性從句（包括賓語、主語、 表語、同位語從句等）；狀語從句（包括時(shí)間、表語、同位語從句等）；狀語從句（包括時(shí)間、 原因、目的、結(jié)果、方式、條件、讓步等狀語從原因、目的、結(jié)果、方式、條件、讓步等狀語從 句）。句）。 6. 6. 直接引語，間接

6、引語，并列結(jié)構(gòu)，從屬結(jié)直接引語，間接引語，并列結(jié)構(gòu)，從屬結(jié) 構(gòu)（包括獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，無動(dòng)詞分句，非限定分句和構(gòu)（包括獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，無動(dòng)詞分句，非限定分句和 限定分句的轉(zhuǎn)換）；形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)、最限定分句的轉(zhuǎn)換）；形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)、最 高級(jí)；介詞與介詞詞組；附加疑問句；存在句；高級(jí)；介詞與介詞詞組；附加疑問句；存在句； 主謂一致；后置、前置與倒裝；省略。主謂一致；后置、前置與倒裝；省略。 ?？伎键c(diǎn)：常考考點(diǎn)： 1 1）虛擬語氣的考點(diǎn)為：）虛擬語氣的考點(diǎn)為： would ratherwould ratherthatthat從句一般過去時(shí)；從句一般過去時(shí)； would rather, had rath

7、er, would sooner, would as soon后 接省略that的從句，表示“希望，情愿，寧愿”， 從句謂 語用過去時(shí) Eg：1）Id rather you did not win that game. 2）Id rather you hadnt told me about it. It is vitalIt is vitalnecessarynecessaryimportantimportanturgenturgent imperativeimperativedesirabledesirableadvisableadvisablenaturalnatural essentia

8、lessentialthatthat動(dòng)詞原形；動(dòng)詞原形； egeg：1 1）It is necessary that he (should) realize his situation. 2）It is essential that this mission not fail. 【歷年真題】 . The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential _for that. a. for us to be prepared b. that we are prepared c. of us to be prepared d. our be

9、ing prepared It is timeIt is timeabout timeabout timehigh timehigh time thatthat一般過去時(shí)；一般過去時(shí)； eg: eg:1)1)Its time that we did our homework. 2)Its the first time that I have been here. proposalproposalsuggestionsuggestionthatthat動(dòng)詞原形；動(dòng)詞原形； eg:eg:1)He suggested that a petition 1)He suggested that a pet

10、ition (should)be drawn up.(should)be drawn up. lestlestthatthatshouldshould動(dòng)詞原形；動(dòng)詞原形；if onlyif only thatthatwouldwould動(dòng)詞原形。動(dòng)詞原形。 2 2）狀語從句的考點(diǎn)為：非）狀語從句的考點(diǎn)為：非ifif引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句， 此類句子多用此類句子多用at timesat times，providedprovided，so long asso long as， in casein case，onceonce等來替代等來替代ifif；由；由even ifeven if

11、soso， now thatnow that，for allfor all等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句；等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句； justjusthardlyhardlywhenwhen引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句；引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句； more thanmore than，asasasas，not so much asnot so much as，the the same assame as，as much asas much as等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句。等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句。 eg. 1）You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting provided you

12、 dont mind taking the night train. 2）Assuming he is diligent in his studies at ordinary times, he is sure to pass the test. 3）In the event that she has not been informed, I will tell her. (如果) 【歷年真題】預(yù)覽 1. You wont get a loan _ you can offer some security. a. lest b. in case c. unless d. other than 2

13、.The brilliance of his satires was _make even his victims laugh. a. so as to b. such as to c. so that d. such that 3. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. a. Having b. Given c. Giving d. Had 4. _ _ I was very much mistaken, there was something wrong with Louise. a. Unless b. As c. Though d

14、. Since 3 3）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)多以多以邏輯主語分詞邏輯主語分詞的形式的形式 出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn) egeg： 1. Agriculture is the countrys chief 1. Agriculture is the countrys chief source of wealth, wheat _ by far the source of wealth, wheat _ by far the biggest cereal crop.biggest cereal crop. a. is b. been c. be d. being a. is b. been c. be d. b

15、eing （TEM-4 2003TEM-4 2003） 2. Time _, the celebration 2. Time _, the celebration will be held as scheduled.will be held as scheduled. a. permit b. permitting a. permit b. permitting c. permitted d. permits c. permitted d. permits 4 4）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞多與多與完成時(shí)完成時(shí)形式連用。形式連用。 【歷年真題】【歷年真題】 1. He _unwisely, but he

16、 was at least trying to 1. He _unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful.do something helpful. a. may have acted b. must have acted c. should a. may have acted b. must have acted c. should act d. would act 1999act d. would act 1999 2. Mush as_, I couldnt lend him the money 2. Mush

17、 as_, I couldnt lend him the money because I simply didnt have that much spare cash.because I simply didnt have that much spare cash. a. I would have liked to b. I would like to have a. I would have liked to b. I would like to have c. I should have to like d. I should have liked c. I should have to

18、like d. I should have liked to 1999to 1999 3. You _Mark anything. It was none of his 3. You _Mark anything. It was none of his business.business. a. neednt have told b. neednt tell c. a. neednt have told b. neednt tell c. mustnt have told d. mustnt tell mustnt have told d. mustnt tell 。 5 5）定語從句重點(diǎn)考查

19、）定語從句重點(diǎn)考查介詞關(guān)系代介詞關(guān)系代 詞（詞（whichwhich）和和asas作為關(guān)系代詞作為關(guān)系代詞 egeg： Above the trees are the hills, _ Above the trees are the hills, _ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface.surface. a. where b. of whose c. whose d. a. where b. of whose c. whose d. which which 2. They overcame all the difficulties and 2. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, completed the project two months ahead of time, _is something we had not expect