全國近五年高考英語真題—語法填空

1、答案 arrived專題十六語法填空大l-五年高考真題父考題分布20152011年各省市高考題passage 1 (2015新課標全國i )閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形 式。yangshuo, chinait was raining lightly when i 1 (arrive) in yangshuo just before dawn.but i didnt care.a few hours 2 、 id been at home in hong kong, with 3 (it) choking smog.here, the air was cl

2、ean and fresh even with the rain.id skipped nearby guilin , a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the li river 4 are pictured by artists in so many chinese 5 (painting).instead, id headed straight for yangshuo.for those who fly to guilin , its only an hour

3、 away 6 car and offers all the scenery of the better known city.yangshuo 7 (be) really beautiful.a study of travelers 8 (conduct) by the website tripadvisor names yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.and the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in asia.ab

4、ercrombie & kent , a travel company in hong kong , says it 9 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10 (live) in shanghai and hong kong.【語篇導讀】桂林山水甲天下，陽朔風光甲桂林。作者講述了從香港去陽朔旅游時的所見1 .解析 考查動詞的時態(tài)。主句謂語動詞使用了過去進行時，根據(jù)語境此處要用一般過去時態(tài)。2 .解析 考查副詞的用法。由語境可知，幾個小時之前我還在香港的家中，由此可知before/earlier符合句意。答案 before/ea

5、rlier3 .解析考查形容詞性物主代詞的用法。空格后面有名詞smog,故要使用形容詞性物主代詞。答案its4 .解析考查定語從句關系代詞的用法。由句子結構不難判斷這是一個定語從旬。先行詞為指物的 mountain tops and dark waters關系詞在從句中作主語，因此答案為 that/ which。答案 that/ which5 .解析考查名詞的復數(shù)?！皊o man什復數(shù)名詞”為一常用短語。答案paintings6 .解析考查介詞的固定用法。根據(jù)句意可知，這只是驅車一小時的路程?！癰y+交通工具名詞”為一固定短語。答案by7 .解析考查主謂一致和動詞時態(tài)。本段介紹陽朔的自然條件，

6、屬客觀事實，要用一般現(xiàn)在時，由于主語是單數(shù)第三人稱形式，因此答案為is。答案is8 .解析考查過去分詞短語作后置定語的用法。 study 與 conduct 之間為動賓關系，故用表示被動的過去分詞形式。此外， by 是解題的關鍵詞， conductedby意為”由所做的”。答案 conducted9 .解析 考查副詞的用法。該詞修飾謂語動詞arrange，故要用其副詞形式。答案 regularly10 .解析考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語的用法。由于 live與其所修飾的名詞people之間為邏輯上的主謂關系，故用表示主動意義的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。答案 livingpassage 2 (2015新課標全

7、國h )閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形 式。the adobe dwellings(土 坯房)1 (build) by the pueblo indians of theamerican southwest are admired by even 2 most modern of architects and engineers.in addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 3 (able) to “air condition “

8、a house v4ithouse)electric equipment.walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5 (slow)during cool nights, thus warming the house.when a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6 (cool) the house during the hot day:7 the s

9、ame time, they warm up again for thenight.this cycle 8 (go) day after day: the walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.as 9(nature) architects, the pueblo indians figured out exactly 10 thick the adobe walls neede

10、d to be to make the cycle work on most days.【語篇導讀】相比現(xiàn)代化的建筑，簡陋的土坯房可謂丑陋不堪。但當代的建筑師卻對其情有獨鐘。短文主要介紹了土坯房能夠調(diào)節(jié)溫度的原理。1 .解析考查過去分詞短語作后置定語。主語 dwellings與動詞build之間為邏輯上的動賓關系，故用過去分詞形式。又由by一詞的暗示也可知用表示被動意義的過去分詞。答案 built2 .解析 考查定冠詞的用法?？崭裰鬄樾稳菰~的最高級形式，故填定冠詞。答案the3 .解析考查形容詞與名詞的轉換。形容詞性物主代詞 their 之后應當用名詞，故將able轉化為其名詞形式。答案ab

11、ility4 .解析考查介詞的用法。介詞without 之后的動詞要用動名詞形式。答案using5 .解析考查副詞的用法。由土坯制成的墻壁在炎熱的白天吸收太陽的熱量并在涼爽的夜間慢慢將熱量釋放出來。修飾謂語動詞 give out ，因此要用副詞形式。答案 slowly6 .解析考查固定句式的用法?！毙稳菰~+ enough+動詞不定式”為一常用句式。答案 to cool7 .解析 考查固定短語的用法。at the same time意為“同時”，是一個常用介詞短語。答案at8 .解析考查動詞的時態(tài)。這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了土坯房冬暖夏涼的原理，故用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。答案goes9 .解析 考查形容

12、詞的用法。修飾名詞architects,故要用形容詞形式。答案natural10 .解析考查賓語從句的連接詞用法。分析句子結構可知，這是一個賓語從句。根據(jù)形容詞 thick 及結構可知這里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墻的確切厚度。所以答案為 how 。答案 howpassage 3 (2015 福建)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)以下提示：1)漢語提示，2)首字母提示，3)語境提示， 在每個空格內(nèi)填入一個適當?shù)挠⒄Z單詞，所填單詞要求意義準確，拼寫正確。sometimes we have disagreementswith people.when this (1)h, the important thing

13、is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument.here (2) my tips for you.the (3)f thing i would say is that the way you begin the conversation isvery important.imagine you are a student and you share a flat (4) another student who you think isnt doing her share of the housework.if

14、 you say, “l(fā)ook, you never do your share of the housework.(5)are you going to do aboutit? ” , the discussion will very soon turn into an argument.its much more (6) (有幫助)to say something like, “i think we had (7)b have another look about how we divide up the housework.maybe there is a better way of d

15、ealing with x力 it.my second piece of (8)a is simple.if youre the person who is in the wrong, just admit it! this is the easiest and best way to avoid an argument.just make an (9)(道歉)，and move on.the other person will have more respect for you (10) the future if you do that.答案 1.happens 2.are 3.first

16、 4.with 5.what 6.helpful/beneficial 7.better 8.advice 9.apology 10.in passage 4 (2015 湖南)directions: complete the following passageby filling in each blank with one word that bestfits the context.research has become both simpler and more complex. its simpler because,_1 you have a computer, you can f

17、ind information you need by searching the internet. for all your information, you dont have to go to 2 library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. instead, you can find some sources from the internet 3_ print the copies needed.remember,however, that you should usually consult differe

18、nt types of sources. that is, you 4 always rely just on the internet foryour research.while finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become 5 complex. there is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed 6 the amount of information. you need to

19、 learn 7 to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. also, 8 need to check the accuracy of it.【語篇導讀】隨著電腦和因特網(wǎng)的出現(xiàn)，研究變得既簡單又復雜。一方面，我們不必像以往一樣在書中搜索資料，這為我們提供了極大的方便；另一 方面，網(wǎng)絡中眾多的資料良莠不齊，選擇準確的信息使我們的工作變得愈加復 雜。1 .解析考查狀語從句。根據(jù)句意，如果你有了電腦，你可以通過上網(wǎng)獲得所需的信息。答案if2 .解析 考查冠詞。go to the lib

20、rary去圖書館；in the library在圖書館。 答案the3 .解析 考查連詞。and連接并列謂語find和print。答案 and4 .解析考查情態(tài)動詞。根據(jù)上文你應該（should）查閱不同的資料。答案 shouldnt5 .解析考查形容詞比較級。參見上文第一句more complex。答案 more6 .解析 考查介詞。be overwhelmed with面臨，陷入。 答案 with7 .解析考查疑問詞。根據(jù)句意，你需要學習如何分類并找到特定任務的相關信息。how to do是含有疑問詞的不定式，在此處作賓語答案 how8 .解析 考查代詞。參見上文 you need to

21、learn how to sort throug 答案youpassage 5 (2014新課標全國i)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的 正確形式are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?in 1969, the pollution was terrible along the cuyahoga river near cleveland , ohio.it 1 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.the river was

22、so polluted that it 2 (actual) caught fire and burned.now, years later, this river is one of 3 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.but the river wasnt changed in a few days 4 even a few months.it took years of work 5 (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.finally , that

23、 hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 6 (clean) than ever.maybe you are facing an impossible situation.maybe you have a habit 7isdriving your family crazy.possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use.when you face such an impossible situation , dont yo

24、u want a quick fix and something to change immediately?while there are 8 (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 9 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work , like cleaning up a polluted river.just be0_(patience).1 .解析 文章講的是1969年的事情，故用過去時。答案 was2 .解析 修飾動詞caught,

25、用副詞actually “實際上”。答案 actually3 .解析 most outstanding是最高級，前面需要加 the。 答案the4 .解析河流不是幾天或者幾個月里就改變了的，這里兩個時間是選擇關系，故用or。答案 or5 .解析 這里考查固定句型：it takes some time to do sth “做某事花費多長時問”。故應填不定式to reduce答案 to reduce6 .解析 根據(jù)下文than知用形容詞的比較級。答案 cleaner7 .解析 habit是先行詞，故用that/which引導定語從句。 答案 that/which8 .解析 是“令人吃驚的”，用形

26、容詞修飾名詞stories,而amazed指“人感到吃驚的”，用來修飾人。答案 amazing9 .解析根據(jù)句子的謂語are”可知主語應為復數(shù)。答案 changes10 .解析 根據(jù)空格前系動詞be”可知這里應為形容詞。答案 patientpassage 6 (2014 廣東)閱讀下面短文，按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填 入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。last year, my brother and i went to miami for a vacation.some of my friends who had been there before sai

27、d 1 was a wonderful holiday destination.before we went, we had planned for months.when the day came we were ready.after our plane landed , we went to the hotel.we had made our reservation six months 2 (early) , but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.we 3 (tell)that our rooms had

28、nt been reserved for that week, _4 for the week after.i didnt understand 5 this would happen and my credit cardhad already been charged 6 the reservation.whats worse, the hotel had been fully booked.when we were wondering what to do , the manager came out.she was 7_(surprise)helpful.she apologized f

29、or the mistake and gave us a spare vip room on 8_ top floor.we had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we werent charged extra.the next day, my brother and i went to the beach 9 we watched some people play volleyball.we got a little 10 (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt

30、mind.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇記敘文,記述了我和我兄弟去miami(邁阿密)旅游，當?shù)竭_目的地后，來到六個月前訂的賓館，卻意外被告知訂的房間是下個星期的，且該賓館房間已訂滿。正當不知如何辦時，經(jīng)理出來了，將他們安排在留出來的vip房間，且不另外收他們的錢，真是喜出望外的事。1 .解析 在said后的賓語從句中缺主語，應填代詞；指代前句中的miami這個地方，應用it。答案it2 .解析 在句中作狀語，依然用副詞；不變詞性，因為是較早的做的事，所以用比較級。答案 earlier3 .解析由句意可知，是“我們被告知”，由上下文的時態(tài)可知，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。答案 were told4 .解析

31、 根據(jù)上下句意，意為 “不是為那個星期訂的，而是為后一個星期所訂的”,為notbut結構。答案 but5.解析意為“我不知道為什么會發(fā)生這樣的事,故用why引導賓語從句答案 why6 .解析 chargefor是習慣搭配。 答案for7 .解析因本句已有作表語的形容詞helpful,所以應當用副詞來修飾形容詞helpful,指“令人驚訝地，意外地”，故填surprisingly o 答案 surprisingly8 .解析 特指“在頂樓”。答案the9 .解析 先行詞是地點the beach,且在定語從句中作狀語，故填 where (=onwhich = and on the beach =

32、and there) 答案 where10 .解析 在表示“變化”的got后作表語，要用形容詞；sunburn是名詞，其形容詞形式是burnt或burned。答案 sunburnt/sunburnedpassage 7 (2014 福建)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)以下提示：1)漢語提示，2)首字母提示，3)語境提示， 在每個空格內(nèi)填入一個適當?shù)挠⒄Z單詞，所填單詞要求意義準確，拼寫正確。many of us were raised with the saying “waste not, want not. none of us, (1)h, can completely avoid waste in o

33、ur lives.any kind of waste is thoughtless.whether we waste our potential talents, our own time, our limited natural (2)(資源)，our money, or other peoples time, each of us can become more aware and careful.the smallest good habits can make a big (3)d.its a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doin

34、g our (4)bin a world that is in serious trouble.by focusing on (5) (節(jié)省)oil, water, paper, food, and clothing, we are playing a part (6) cutting down on waste.we must keep reminding (7)(自己)that it is easier to get into something (8) it is to get out of it.actually , severe damage (9)d to our land is

35、fairly recent in the history of our evolution.its time for us to (10) no to waste so that our grandchildrens children will be able to develop well.we cant solve all the problems of wastq but we can encourage mindfulness.waste not!1 .解析 句意：然而，在我們的生活中，沒有人能完全避免浪費。位于句中，前后都有逗號，用副詞，所以填 however。答案 however2

36、 .解析 作waste的賓語，故用名詞形式，且用名詞復數(shù)。 答案 resources3 .解析 句意：最小的好習慣也會起作用。make a difference是固定用法，意思是有影響，起作用。答案 difference4 .解析 do ones besth固定用法，意思是盡某人最大的努力。答案 best5 .解析介詞on之后用動詞的一ing形式。答案 saving6 .解析play a part in是固定用法，意思是“在中起作用”。答案in7 .解析 句意：我們必須不斷地提醒我們自己，所以填反身代詞ourselves答案 ourselves8 .解析 這里進行比較，所以用比較句式，故填th

37、an。答案than9 .解析“嚴重危害”和“作用于”之間是被動關系，故用過去分詞作定語。答案 done10 .解析 句意：是時候對“浪費”說不了。it is time for sb to do sth是固定用法，意思是“是時候做某事了?！贝鸢?saypassage 8 （2014 湖南）directions: complete the following passageby filling in each blank with one word that bestfits the context.we can choose our friends , but usually we cannot

38、 choose our neighbors.however, to get a happy home life , we have to get along with 1 as well as possible.an important quality in a neighbor is consideration for 2 .people should not do things 3 will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily.for example, television sets need not be played at full volume

39、 （音量）4 loud pop musicshould not be played very late at night.by avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors, you can enjoy 5 friendly relationship with them.an equally important quality is tolerance.neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people,6 there are times when some leve

40、l ofdisturbance is unavoidable. 7 neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to show their tolerance.in this way, everyone will live _8 peace.【語篇導讀】我們可以選擇朋友，卻無法選擇鄰居；因此處理好鄰里關系至關重要。該篇文章主要說明如何處理好鄰里關系。1 .解析 根據(jù)句式結構此處缺少get along with的賓語，根據(jù)上下文句意所填詞匯應是前文提到的neighbors,故用代詞them。答案 them2 .解析根據(jù)句

41、式結構此處缺少介詞for的賓語，應填名詞或代詞，根據(jù)下文意 思可以總結出“好鄰居的重要品質(zhì)是為他人著想”，故填otherso 答案 others3 .解析 分析結構可知此句中需要填的是定語從句的引導詞,先行詞是things指物，在從句中做主語，故用that/which。答案 that/which4 .解析 此處缺少連詞，根據(jù)句意可知上下文是并列加順延的關系，故用and。答案 and5 .解析 此處考查冠詞。relationship此處作可數(shù)名詞，且第一次出現(xiàn)，用a。答案a6 .解析 此處缺少連詞。根據(jù)語境：“鄰居們應該盡其所能避免打攪別人，但有時一些攪擾是不可避免的”。此處上下文是轉折關系，故

42、用 but。 答案 but7 .解析此處缺少連詞。根據(jù)句意：“如果鄰居們想要和睦相處他們應互相忍讓。”所填詞匯應能引導條件狀語或時間狀語從句，故用 if或when。 答案 if/when8 .解析 此處考查固定短語的介詞搭配。根據(jù)句意，這樣，大家都能和平共處，故用in, in peace和平地。答案inpassage 9 (2013 廣東)閱讀下面短文，按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填 入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。one day, nick invited his friends to supper.he was cooking some delicious

43、 food in the kitchen.suddenly, he 1 (find)that he had run out of salt.so nick called to his son, “go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it : neither too much 2 too little. ”his son looked surprised. i can understand why i shouldnt pay too much, father, but if i can pay less,

44、3 not save a bit of money ”“that would be a very 4 (reason)thing to do in a big city, but it couldnick said.destroy a small village like ours,nicks guests, 5 had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.nick replied, “the only reason a man would sell sa

45、lt 6 a lower price would be becausehe was desperatefor money.and anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 7 the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to pxduce it. ”“but such a small thing couldnt 8 (possible) destroy a village：“in the beginning, th

46、ere was only 9 very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always 10 (think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.【語篇導讀】本文通過nick叫兒子去買鹽要給合理價格的故事說明，一定要公平對待他人，尊重努力工作的人的汗水和努力。1 .解析 動詞時態(tài)。在主格人稱代詞 he后應為謂語動詞，由語境可知用一般過 去時。答案 found

47、2 .解析并列連詞。nor構成并列連詞neithernor。答案 nor3 .解析 連接副詞。why not do sth可不做某事)?是固定句式。答案 why4 .解析詞類轉換。在名詞前作定語要用形容詞。答案 reasonable5 .解析 非限制性定語從句。引導非限制性定語從句，并在從句中作主語，先行詞是人，故填who。答案 who6 .解析 介詞。因名詞a low price在句中不作主語、動詞的賓語，應為介詞的賓語；根據(jù)習慣搭配，用介詞at答案 at7 .解析 介詞。show respect for表示尊重。答案for8 .解析 副詞。修飾謂語動詞作狀語，用副詞。答案 possibly9 .解析 不定冠詞。a small amount of紗量的)是固定搭配。答案a10 .解析 非謂語動詞。因everyone與think是主動關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作added的伴隨狀語。答案 thinkingpassage 10 (2011 廣東)閱讀下面短文，按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填 入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。one sunday morning in august i went to