2021年北京市朝陽區(qū)高三一模英語考試逐題解析

1、2021年北京市朝陽區(qū)高三一模英語考試逐題解析第一部分：知識運用共兩節(jié),45分第一節(jié) 語法填空共10小題；每題1.5分,共15分閱讀以下短文,依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。awith our graduation day around the corner, i was busy preparing presents for my friends. as usual, i walked into the classroom, only (1) _ (find) a big box standing there. a

2、pproaching, i saw my name (2) _ (write) on it. i was quite shocked when the box (3) _ (open) and i saw “myself, a vivid statue, sitting inside smiling up at me. i was at a complete loss for words. it was the most unique, unconventional present in my life.1.【答案】to find【解析】此題視察非謂語動詞；only to find 表達意料之

3、外的結(jié)果,本句翻譯成“結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)一個大盒子立在那里；故正確答案是to find。2.【答案】written / was written【解析】此題視察非謂語動詞/時態(tài)語態(tài)；提示詞write為動詞,而本句的謂語動詞是saw,因此可肯定此題必必需填非謂語動詞；而非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是my name,和written之間為被動關系；故正確答案是written。同時,也可認為謂語動詞saw后面成分為賓語從句,從句缺少謂語動詞,時態(tài)為一般過去,語態(tài)為被動,故正確答案也可是was written。3.【答案】was opened / opened【解析】此題視察時態(tài)語態(tài)；提示詞open可為及物動詞,依據(jù)本

4、句中的was可知,時態(tài)為一般過去時；主語the box為單數(shù),通過翻譯,盒子應該是被翻開的,答案為was opened；同時open也可作不及物動詞使用,所在句意表達“盒子翻開的那個時間；故正確答案也可是opened。banalysis finds earths magnetic (有磁性的) field was in place by at least 3.7 billion years ago, as early life arose.scientists think that having a magnetic field (4) _ (make) earth more friendly

5、 to life. the field, (5) _ is generated by liquid iron moving about in the planets core, protects earth (6) _ energetic particles (粒子) flowing from the sun. it helps the planet hold on to its atmosphere and maintain liquid water on its surface.4.【答案】makes【解析】此題視察時態(tài)語態(tài)；提示詞make為動詞,依據(jù)本句中的think可知,時態(tài)為一般如今

6、時；主語having a magnetic field為單數(shù)；故正確答案是makes。 5.【答案】which【解析】此題視察定語從句；通過本句可以看出,主句完好,而從句不完好,缺主語,因此視察定語從句中的關系代詞；通過翻譯可知,此處代替的是the field,指物；故正確答案是which。6.【答案】from【解析】此題視察介詞；protectfrom意為保護不受損害,依據(jù)翻譯“保護地球遠離來自太陽的能量粒子的損害可知,填from；故正確答案是from。cdo you have a mentor (導師) helping you make decisions in your life? if

7、 you do, then you are a very lucky person. (7) _ if not, then read the book tuesdays with morrie.it tells the true story of the author, mitch albom, and his dying former professor, morrie schwartz. (8) _ you read this book, you will learn some very meaningful lessons from a professor dying from lou

8、gehrigs disease. when mitch visits morrie every tuesday, the 78-year-old professor shares words of (9) _ (wise) about love, life, communication, values, and openness with his former student. as a beautiful tale (10) _ (deliver) many powerful lessons about life, this book should be high on everyones

9、reading list.7.【答案】but【解析】此題視察連詞；依據(jù)前句if you do, then you are a very lucky person. 及本句if not可知,前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關系；故正確答案是but。8.【答案】as/when/once/if/after【解析】此題視察狀語從句；通過本句可以看出,從句you read this book與主句 you will learn some very meaningful lessons from a professor dying from lou gehrigs disease的關系,即可以是先后關系,也可以是提供條件等關系

10、；故正確答案是as/when/once/if/after。9.【答案】wisdom【解析】此題視察詞性轉(zhuǎn)換；依據(jù)空格前of ,可知此處應填wise的名詞形式；故正確答案是wisdom。10.【答案】delivering【解析】此題視察非謂語動詞；依據(jù)本句中的as作介詞當“如同講,可知空格應填deliver的動名詞形式；故正確答案是delivering。第二節(jié) 完形填空共20小題；每題1.5分,共30分閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的a、b、c、d四個選項中,選出最正確選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。giddas teamthe door closed behind malik, makin

11、g mama look up from the hot meal. “just in time for dinner. will you _ (11) gidda, please?gidda was staying in maliks bedroom. he didnt _ (12) giving up his room for his 82-year-old grandmother at first. but then she didnt leave. malik _ (13) over her suitcase on the floor. “sorry, gidda said. “im j

12、ust a nuisance (討厭的人) here. im _ (14). malik didnt answer as he helped her up from her chair.at dinner, mama asked malik, “hows your _ (15) with the coach?malik was captain of school soccer team, and he had to discuss a fundraiser with the coach. theyd have to raise hundreds of dollars to _ (16) the

13、ir old shirts, and that seemed unlikely unless malik came up with a(n) _ (17) plan.unwillingly, malik said, “its just team stuff. changing the _ (18), malik turned to gidda. “do you want to go sit outside after dinner?gidda agreed. in the soft warmth of the evening, gidda settled herself beneath the

14、 enormous fig (無花果) tree. “feels like home, she said. but malik _ (19), “it drops figs everywhere. right then, a fig landed on his head. gidda laughed, picked it up, and took a _ (20). “perfect. pick me a bunch. ill make fig cakes.the next morning, malik found gidda making fig cakes in the kitchen.

15、she offered him one. malik, hoping it wasnt too awful, put it in his mouth. his eyes _ (21) as he chewed. it was delicious. he eyed the tree in the backyard. how many fig cakes could it _ (22)?malik grabbed his phone and started _ (23) in a rush of excitement. an hour later, most of the soccer team

16、gathered in the kitchen, and ate up fig cakes.“giddas fabulous (極好的) fig cakes! malik said. “well _ (24) them! gidda said they were easy to make; shell _ (25) us how.at dinner that night, gidda shared their plan with mama, smiling _ (26) as she repeated the title malik gave on her, “team grandmother

17、.the next day, the kitchen was full of _ (27). walking slowly among the excited boys, gidda taught them to make fig cakes. soon the fig cakes piled up.as malik _ (28), giddas fabulous fig cakes were a huge hit and they were quickly sold out.when the new _ (29) arrived just in time for the opening ga

18、me, coach garcia invited gidda to watch. she arrived early, and waved at malik. then she turned _ (30) to show off her shirt. on the back were the words team grandmother.11.a. watchb. fetchc. visitd. serve12.a. allowb. enjoyc. considerd. mind13.a. lookedb. handedc. trippedd. turned14.a. uselessb. un

19、luckyc. scaredd. nervous15.a. trainingb. appointmentc. negotiationd. meeting16.a. buyb. replacec. irond. abandon17.a. brilliantb. randomc. originald. personal18.a. planb. attitudec. subjectd. way19.a. repeatedb. reportedc. explainedd. complained20.a. pictureb. testc. bited. break21.a. widenedb. move

20、dc. focusedd. opened22.a. produceb. donatec. deliverd. exchange23.a. runningb. textingc. shoutingd. thinking24.a. presentb. sendc. selld. reserve25.a. prepare b. showc. choosed. wrote26.a. proudly b. politelyc. shylyd. bitterly27.a. tension b. hopec. praised. energy28.a. promised b. predictedc. anno

21、uncedd. identified29.a. socks b. bootsc. uniforms d. gloves30.a. back b. awayc. downd. around11.【答案】b【解析】此題是動詞題；依據(jù)前句中“just in time for dinner,可知,到了吃晚餐的時間,媽媽是希望我去叫奶奶gidda吃飯,fetch sb. 有叫某人的含義。其余選項含義為：watch觀看,visit拜訪,serve效勞；故正確答案是b。12.【答案】d【解析】此題是動詞題；依據(jù)后文“but then she didnt leave以及“malik didnt answer

22、as he helped her up from her chair可知,malik 對奶奶的情緒是正態(tài)度,所以選擇mind ,跟前面的didnt組合表示不介意。其余選項含義為：allow同意,enjoy喜愛,consider合計；故正確答案是d。13.【答案】c【解析】此題是動詞題；依據(jù)后文奶奶說“sorry, 可知因為奶奶的手提箱,malik發(fā)生了一些不好的事情,所以填trip 和后面的over組合成短語trip over被絆倒。其余選項和over組合的含義為：look over檢查,hand over移交,turn over (把反過來；故正確答案是c。14.【答案】a【解析】此題是形容

23、詞題；依據(jù)前句“im just a nuisance here,可知奶奶認為自己是一個讓人討厭的人,跟讓人討厭相關的人物特點就是useless無用的。其余選項含義為：unlucky不幸的,scared害怕的,nervous緊張的；故正確答案是a。15.【答案】d【解析】此題是名詞題；后文提到“he had to discuss a fundraiser with the coach;可知malik 去見了教練,所以填meeting見面。其余選項含義為：training訓練,appointment約會,negotiation會談；故正確答案是d。16.【答案】b【解析】此題是動詞題；依據(jù)空格后“

24、their old shirts,以及空前 “discuss the fundraiser with the coach, 可知他們必必需要贊助去 replace換掉舊隊服。其余選項含義為：buy買,iron熨,abandon放棄；故正確答案是b。17.【答案】a【解析】此題是形容詞題；依據(jù)前面 “that seemed unlikely unless 可知后面必必需要出現(xiàn)一個正態(tài)度的詞,所以選brilliant極好的。其余選項含義為：random隨機的,original最初的,personal個人的；故正確答案是a。18.【答案】c【解析】此題是名詞題；依據(jù)后文 “do you want t

25、o go sit outside after dinner? 可知他們換了一個話題 subject, 跟前面說的校服話題無關。其余選項含義為：plan方案,attitude態(tài)度,way方式；故正確答案是c。19.【答案】d【解析】此題是動詞題；依據(jù)下文 “it drops fig everywhere 無花果掉得到處都是。可知malik是在埋怨complain。 其余選項含義為：repeat重復,report報告,explain解釋；故正確答案是d。20.【答案】c【解析】此題是名詞題；依據(jù)前文動作 “picked it up, 以及下文 “perfect, 可知奶奶嘗了一口take a bi

26、te。其余選項和take a組合的含義為：take a picture拍照,take a test參加測試,take a break休息一下；故正確答案是c。 21.【答案】a【解析】此題是動詞題；依據(jù)前句中“hoping it wasnt too awful,可知,malik不認為這個蛋糕會好吃；而后句中“it was delicious.說明蛋糕非常好吃,此處想表達他吃這個蛋糕時的驚訝。即,他的眼睛瞪大widened了當他咀嚼蛋糕時。其余選項含義為：moved挪動,focused使集中,opened(翻開)；故正確答案是a。22.【答案】a【解析】此題是動詞題；依據(jù)前文可知,malik發(fā)現(xiàn)

27、無花果蛋糕特別好吃,于是盯著這個無花果樹,合計這棵無花果樹能做出produce多少無花果蛋糕。其余選項含義為：donate捐贈,deliver遞送,exchange交換；故正確答案是a。23.【答案】b【解析】此題是動詞題；依據(jù)前句“malik grabbed his phone得知他拿起手機,以及后文“an hour later, most of the soccer team gathered in the kitchen, ate up fig cakes.可知,隊員們都來到他家吃蛋糕了。因此此處應該是,他拿起手機給隊員發(fā)短信texting。其余選項含義為：running跑,shouti

28、ng喊,thinking合計；故正確答案是b。24.【答案】c【解析】此題是動詞題；依據(jù)前句可知malik非常喜愛無花果蛋糕,以及后文倒數(shù)第二段“giddas fabulous fig cakes were.quickly sold out.可知,無花果蛋糕熱賣,因此,此處應該是“我們將出售sold這些蛋糕。其余選項含義為：present浮現(xiàn),send發(fā)送,reserve儲存,預定；故正確答案是c。25.【答案】b【解析】此題是動詞題；前文提到“gidda said they were easy to make;以及本句后的“how,可以推測出,此處是gidda會給我們展示show如何做這個蛋

29、糕。其余選項含義為：prepare準備,choose選擇,wrote寫；故正確答案是b。26.【答案】a【解析】此題是副詞題；依據(jù)空格后“as she repeated the title malik gave on her, team grandmother可知,gidda非常開心得到了malik及隊友的認可,因此,此處應該是,她驕傲地proudly笑著當她重復著那個malik給她的頭銜。其余選項含義為：politely禮貌地,shyly害羞地,bitterly苦澀地；故正確答案是a。27.【答案】d【解析】此題是名詞題；依據(jù)后一句“walking slowly among the exci

30、ted boys,可知,malik及隊友都在廚房里沖動地學做蛋糕,因此廚房里應該是充滿活力energy,非常熱鬧的。其余選項含義為：tension緊張,hope希望,praise表揚；故正確答案是d。28.【答案】b【解析】此題是動詞題；依據(jù)24空前“giddas fabulous fig cakes!以及“well sell them!可知,malik吃到這個蛋糕的時候,就覺得這個蛋糕非常好吃,所以才產(chǎn)生了賣無花果蛋糕的想法,因此他一定認為這個蛋糕會大賣。所以此處,正如malik推測predicted的那樣,這個蛋糕大賣,并且迅速售罄。其余選項含義為：promised承諾,announced

31、宣布,identified識別；故正確答案是b。29.【答案】c【解析】此題是名詞題；依據(jù)文章第四段“theyd have to raise hundreds of dollars to replace their old shirts.可知,此處應該指的是球服。即,“當這些球服uniforms在開幕式及時送到時其余選項含義為：socks襪子,boots靴子,gloves手套；故正確答案是c。30.【答案】d【解析】此題是副詞題；依據(jù)最后一句“on the back were the words team grandmother.可知,反面印著“奶奶隊的字樣,即,她轉(zhuǎn)身turn around去

32、夸耀她的球衣。其余選項含義為：turn back往回走,turn away辭退,turn down回絕；故正確答案是d。 第二部分：閱讀理解共兩節(jié),40分第一節(jié) 共15小題；每題2分,共30分閱讀以下短文,從每題所給的a、b、c、d四個選項中,選出最正確選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。amusic for lifelearning music is important for the educational and personal development of young people ! learning an instrument: how do pupils choose? all ou

33、r teachers are highly qualified and experienced musicians, and pupils can learn to play a wide range of instruments, from the keyboard to the drums鼓. we have open days when new pupils who are unsure which instrument to choose can come to the centre. they are able to speak to teachers about which ins

34、trument might be best for them, and they can also see and hear classes in action.who is responsible for buying the instruments?parents usually have to provide instruments. but parents of beginners are advised not to buy an instrument until they are told that a place is available. they should also fi

35、nd out from the teacher the most suitable type of instrument to get.when and where do lessons take place?lessons are available in many schools, usually during the day. if there is no lesson available for a particular instrument in a particular school, other arrangements can be made at one of our mus

36、ic centres for lessons on saturday afternoons or weekday evenings.how are pupils taught?pupils can learn in small groups, in classes or individually, depending on their needs. small groups of three pupils have lessons that last thirty minutes. class lessons last forty-five minutes and have at least

37、ten pupils. individual lessons are offered only to pupils who have some experience.starting young: when can pupils begin? children are never too young to become interested in music. we have special “musical youth classes for children from the age of 3 to 8. these are designed to encourage young chil

38、dren to enjoy music through a variety of activities including singing, musical games, listening and movement. musical youth classes take place on saturday mornings with groups of about 18 children. a parent or other adult must attend each session, and they are encouraged to sit with their children a

39、nd help them with the activities.31.what can we learn from the passage?a. new pupils can see classes on an open day.b. pupils can learn special instruments on sundays.c. parents must accompany pupils during the learning process. d. teachers at the centre can provide the right instruments for pupils.

40、31.【答案】a【解析】此題視察文章細節(jié)；依據(jù)文章第二段最后,“the keyboard to the drums(鼓).we have open days when new pupils who are unsure which instrument to choose can come to the centre. they are able to speak to teachers about which instrument might be best for them, and they can also see and hear classes in action.可知孩子可以來參

41、加公開課；故正確答案是a。32.what is the best choice for children with some experience?a. lessons for groups of ten.b. individual lessons.c. lessons for small groups of three.d. special musical youth classes.32.【答案】b【解析】此題視察文章細節(jié)；依據(jù)文章第四段表格的最后一行“individual lessons are offered only to pupils who have some experienc

42、e.可知關于有經(jīng)歷的同學個人課程是最正確的；故正確答案是b。33.the passage is intended for _. a. teachers b. parents c. musicians d. pupils33.【答案】b【解析】此題視察文章主旨；依據(jù)文章大意,本文目的是介紹音樂課程相關的內(nèi)容,寫作對象不是孩子本身,而是孩子的父母。；故正確答案是b。bnenad sestan was working in his office one afternoon in 2016, when he heard his lab members whispering with excitemen

43、t over a microscope. he realized something beyond their expectations was happening.the researchers, at yale school of medicine in new haven, connecticut, had found electrical activity in brains taken from dead pigs. with that shocking result, sestan realized what had started as a side project to fin

44、d ways to better preserve brain tissue for research had changed into a discovery that could redefine our understanding of life and death.the excitement soon turned to concern, when the researchers thought they saw widespread, consistent electrical activity which can indicate consciousness (意識). sest

45、an brought in a neurologist, who determined the readout was actually an error, but the possibility had frightened them.sestan kept his cool and immediately did two things: he shut down the experiment and contacted the us national institute of health (nih), as well as a yale bioethicist (生物倫理學家). ove

46、r the next few months, experts discussed the potential ethical implications, such as whether the brains could become conscious and whether physicians needed to reconsider the definition of brain death.they submitted the work to nature. but before the final paper was published, sestan met sharp criti

47、cism from the press. some even suggested that the researchers were engineering immortality (永生), or maintaining a room full of living brains in jars. neither he nor his team wanted to discuss the results until the paper was out, but as their inboxes filled with concerns and anger from animal rights

48、activists and futurists, sestan became depressed. he felt all they could do, however, was to hold off on correcting public misunderstandings until the expert review process had run its course.since the paper was published in april, 2021, the team has been so busy fielding questions from the media an

49、d scientists that it hasnt performed any further experiments. sestan wants to focus on his original questions and explore how long the brains can be maintained and whether the technology can preserve other organs.“we want to get outside opinion before we do anything, sestan says. “when you explore u

50、ncharted territory, you have to be extremely thoughtful.34. what happened in the lab at yale school of medicine in 2016?a. a better method was found to maintain brain tissue.b. researchers discovered how to redefine brain death.c. brain from dead pigs were accidentally discovered alive.d. researcher

51、s arrived at the expected results of the experiment.34.【答案】c【解析】此題視察文章細節(jié)；依據(jù)文章第二段第一句“the researchers, at yale school of medicine in new haven, connecticut, had found electrical activity in brains taken from dead pigs. 可知,研究者在已經(jīng)死去的豬腦子里發(fā)現(xiàn)了electrical activity,再結(jié)合第三段第二行的“electrical activity which can ind

52、icate consciousness可知這就意味著豬是有意識的,從而得知死去的豬的腦子是活著的；故正確答案是c。35. why did nenad sestan stop the experiment?a. he needed assistance with the final paper.b. he spotted a major mistake in the final result.c. he was frightened by the possibility of failure.d. he was concerned about the related moral issues.3

53、5.【答案】d【解析】此題視察文章細節(jié)；依據(jù)文章第三段第三行“over the next few months, experts discussed the potential ethical implication, 可知,nenad sestan 之所以停頓實驗就是擔憂這可能涉及到倫理的范疇；故正確答案是d。36. what was peoples reaction towards nenad sestans experiment?a. the press were strongly opposed to the experiment.b. some people supported th

54、e research on immortality.c. nobody wanted to discuss the final result in advance.d. the public took a positive attitude towards the experiment.36.【答案】a【解析】此題視察文章細節(jié)；依據(jù)文章第五段第二句“but before the final paper was published, sestan met sharp criticism from the press.可知,sestan受到了媒體的激烈反對；故正確答案是a。37. how coul

55、d we best describe nenad sestan?a. responsible and reliable.b. cooperative and creative.c. determined and inspiring.d. professional and cautious. 37.【答案】d【解析】此題視察文章主旨；文章整體表達了在科學實驗中科學家碰到問題后,非常慎重地停頓了所有實驗,認真去探究是否可以持續(xù),嚴謹?shù)目茖W態(tài)度表露無遺,這本身表達的也是科學家專業(yè)且職業(yè)的工作態(tài)度；故正確答案是d。ca butterflys wings can have many jobs besid

56、es keeping the insect high up in the air. they may be used to attract mates, or to warn potential attackers to stay away. all of these roles, though, depend on their unchanging colouration. this plays into the idea that butterfly wings are dead tissue, like a birds feathers. in fact, thats nor true. for example, in some species males wings have special cells releasing some chemicals which attract females.nanfang yu, a ph