人教版高中英語必修1Unit 4Earthquakes (B 1)講述

1、Unit 4 EarthquakesSection 1 Warming Up, Reading & Comprehending重點(diǎn)知識精講一、重點(diǎn)單詞1. burst(1) vi. （使）爆裂；脹開；突然出現(xiàn)；漲滿；爆滿That balloon will burst if you blow it up any more. 你再給氣球充氣，它就要爆了。He burst into the room without knocking. 他沒敲門就闖進(jìn)了房間。The roads are bursting with cars. 車輛把道路擠滿了。(2) n. 突然爆裂；爆發(fā)；迸發(fā)His breath w

2、as coming in short bursts. 他呼吸急促。I tend to work in bursts. 我的工作勁頭往往是一陣一陣的。【知識拓展】be bursting to do sth 急于（或迫切想）做某事burst (sth) open （使）猛然打開burst in 突然打斷（插嘴）burst into a room = break into a room 破門而入burst in on sb./ sth. （突然闖進(jìn)而）打亂；擾亂burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭起來burst into laughter = burst

3、out laughing 突然大笑起來burst out （突然）激動地喊叫burst into flames 突然燃燒起來burst on/ onto sb. 突然顯現(xiàn)；突然在出現(xiàn)【注意】burst的過去式和過去分詞都是burst。2. ruin(1) vt. 毀壞；破壞；毀滅；使破產(chǎn)The bad weather ruined our trip. 惡劣的天氣破壞了我們的旅行。If she loses the case itll ruin her. 如果敗訴，她就完蛋了。(2) n. 破產(chǎn)；禍根；廢墟；斷壁殘?jiān)獳 large number of churches fell into ruin

4、 after the revolution. 革命過后許多教堂都被毀了。The old mill is now little more than a ruin. 老磨坊現(xiàn)在只剩下斷壁殘?jiān)?。【注意】ruin作“廢墟”講時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式ruins?！局R拓展】ruined adj. 毀壞的；嚴(yán)重受損的in ruins 毀壞；嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪fall into ruin 衰落；敗落lie in ruins 破敗不堪；成為廢墟【辨析】ruin，damage與destroy三個(gè)詞都有“毀壞”之意，但語意各有側(cè)重。destroy指徹底毀壞，有毀滅和不能修復(fù)之意。ruin意為“破壞；毀壞”，與destroy

5、接近，但程度較輕，常指對美好的或希望中的事物的破壞。damage意為“損害；毀壞”，程度較輕，可重新修好使用。The fire destroyed most of the building. 大火把這座建筑物幾乎燒毀了。The rain ruined my holiday. 這場雨把我的假期給毀了。Smoking can damage your health. 吸煙有害于你的健康。3. injure vt. （尤指在事故中）傷害；使受傷；損害；傷害（名譽(yù)、自尊等）He injured his knee while playing hockey. 他打曲棍球時(shí)膝蓋受傷了。This could s

6、eriously injure the companys reputation. 這會嚴(yán)重地?fù)p害公司的聲譽(yù)?！局R拓展】injured adj. 受傷的；有傷的；受到傷害的injury n. （對軀體的）傷害；損傷；（對感情的）傷害injurious adj. 造成傷害的；有害的the injured 受傷的人；傷員；傷兵【辨析】injure，wound與hurtinjure一般指意外或事故受傷，為一時(shí)難愈之傷。would指外傷，如刀傷、槍傷、劍傷，尤指在戰(zhàn)斗、戰(zhàn)爭中受傷。hurt是“受傷”的一般用語，既可之肉體上的傷害，亦可指精神上的傷害。另外，hurt還可用作不及物動詞，意為“疼痛；引起痛

7、苦”。He cant play today because hes injured his knee. 他弄傷了膝蓋，因此今天不能上場。The bullet wounded his arm. 子彈打傷了他的胳膊。His words hurt me. 他的話傷害了我。4. useless adj. 無用的；無效的；無益的；差勁的；不行的；不擅長的She tried to work, but it was useless. 她很想做事，但力不從心。Dont ask her for help, Shes useless. 別求她幫忙，她沒有那個(gè)能耐。(1) Its useless to do / d

8、oing sth. 干是無用的；干是無價(jià)值的I knew it was useless to protest. 我知道抗議也是徒勞。Its useless worrying about it. 為這事?lián)臒o濟(jì)于事。(2) be useless at sth./ doing sth. 在某方面差勁；在某方面不行Im useless at French. 我的法語不行。Hes useless at playing chess. 他下棋很差勁。【知識拓展】uselessly adv. 無用地；無效地uselessness n. 無用；無價(jià)值useful adj. 有用的；有益的；實(shí)用的usefuln

9、ess n. 有用；實(shí)用usage n. 用法；用途Its no use doing sth = Its useless doing sth. 干是沒用的【注意】Its useless之后常接動名詞做真正的主語，但有時(shí)也用不定式。5. shock(1) n. C, U 震驚；令人震驚的事；劇烈震動The news of his death came as a shock to us all. 他的死訊讓大家都感到震驚。(2) n. U 休克；震動She was taken to hospital suffering from shock. 她因休克被送到醫(yī)院。The shock of the

10、explosion could be felt up to six miles away. 爆炸引起的劇烈震動在六英里以外都能感覺到。(3) v. （使）震驚；震動She was deeply shocked by her childs death. 孩子的死使她悲痛欲絕。It still shock me when I hear young children swear. 聽到小孩子罵人，我還是很不舒服的?！局R拓展】shocking adj. 駭人聽聞的；令人氣憤的；令人憎惡的；非常糟糕的shocked adv. 驚訝的；震驚的shockingly adv. 令人震驚地shock wave

11、（爆炸、地震等引起的）沖擊波【辨析】shocking與shockedshocking和shocked都可用作定語和表語，但shocking意為“令人震驚的”，它往往表示被修飾的人或事給別人的感覺。shocked意為“驚訝的；震驚的”，它表示人自身的感覺。The result of the game is shocking. 比賽結(jié)果令人震驚。I am shocked at his change. 他的變化讓我震驚。6. rescue (1) n. U 救援；營救；搶救We had given up hope of rescue at that time. 我們那時(shí)已放棄了獲救的希望。(2).

12、n. C 營救行動The fisherman was saved in a daring sea rescue. 在一次驚心動魄的海上營救行動中，那名漁民獲救了。(3) vt. 營救；援救；搶救He rescued a child from drowning. 他救起了一名落水兒童。You rescued me from an embarrassing situation. 我正感到尷尬，你為我解了圍。【知識拓展】rescue sb. from sb./ sth. 從里/中救起；援救；營救come/ go to ones rescue 來/去營救某人【辨析】save與rescuesave意為“

13、挽救；拯救”，它可以表示醫(yī)生對病人生命的挽救，也可以救別人于危難之中，還可以表示對婚姻、事業(yè)等其他形式的挽救。rescue意為“營救；援救”。The police saved him in the sea. 警察從大海中把他救起。People trapped in the flood were waiting for rescue. 困在洪水中的人們正在等待營救。7. bury vt. 埋葬；安葬He was buried in Highgate Cemetery. 他被安葬在海格特公墓。 埋藏；掩蓋；使陷入The dog had buried its bone in the garden.

14、狗把骨頭埋在花園里。The house was buried under ten feet of snow. 房子被埋在十英尺厚的積雪中。He buried his face in his hands and wept. 他雙手掩面而泣。 掩藏（感情、錯(cuò)誤等）She has learned to bury her feelings. 她已學(xué)會了感情不外露。【知識拓展】burial n. 埋葬；葬禮bury sth. in sth. 使陷入；把插入bury oneself in sth 專心致志于be buried in sth. 埋頭干；專心致志于8. title n. C 名稱；標(biāo)題；題目H

15、is poems were published under the title of Love and Reason 他的詩是以愛情與理智為題發(fā)表的。The title of this painting is The Last Supper. 這幅畫的標(biāo)題是最后的晚餐。 稱號；頭銜；職稱；稱謂Give your name and title. 報(bào)出你的名字和稱謂。The official title of this job is Administrative Assistant.這個(gè)職位的正式名稱為“行政助理”。 冠軍She has three world titles. 她已獲得三項(xiàng)世界冠軍

16、。Those boxers are fighting for the world title. 那些拳擊手在爭奪世界冠軍?！颈嫖觥縯itle，headline，theme與subjecttitle指書畫、戲劇、樂曲、詩歌的“名稱，標(biāo)題”。headline指新聞報(bào)道的“標(biāo)題”。theme指談話、演講、音樂的“主題，主旋律”，意狹。subject是“題目，標(biāo)題，主題”的常用、普通詞，意廣。二、重點(diǎn)短語1. right away 立即；馬上；毫不耽擱You must have a doctor sent for right away. 你必須馬上派人去請醫(yī)生。I told him right awa

17、y what thought of him. 我直截了當(dāng)?shù)馗嬖V了他我對他的看法。【知識拓展】right now 立即；馬上right and left 到處；處處see sb. right 確保（或負(fù)責(zé)）滿足某人的一切要求put sb. right 糾正某人的錯(cuò)誤put sth. to rights. 整理；整頓；改正；糾正2. think little of 不把當(dāng)回事；對評價(jià)不高The leaders of the USA were thought little of at that time. 當(dāng)時(shí)的美國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)們聲譽(yù)不好。To my disappointment, he thought l

18、ittle of my advice. 令我失望的是，他不把我的建議當(dāng)回事?！局R拓展】think better of sth./ doing sth. 深思熟慮后決定不做；一想又改便主意think (the) better of sb. 對某人有較高的評價(jià)think nothing of it 別在意；沒什么；別客氣think nothing of sth./ doing sth 不把當(dāng)回事；覺得無所謂think not much/poorly/badly of sb./ sth. 對評價(jià)不高think ofas 把看作；把視為What do you think of? 你認(rèn)為怎么樣？3.

19、at an end 結(jié)束；終結(jié)The war was finally at an end. 戰(zhàn)爭終于結(jié)束。My holiday will be at an end. 我的假期很快就要結(jié)束了?！局R拓展】at the end of the day 最終；到頭來end to end 最后；終于in the end 最后；終于by the end of 到末為止come to an end 結(jié)束；完成bring/ put sth. to an end 結(jié)束；使完成make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；勉強(qiáng)維持生計(jì)【辨析】at the end (of)，by the end (of)

20、與 in the endat the end (of) 意為“在的結(jié)尾，在的盡頭”，既可指時(shí)間，也可指空間。by the end (of) 意為“到為止”，用來表示時(shí)間，經(jīng)常與完成時(shí)態(tài)連用。in the end意為“最后；終于”，不與of連用，用來表示時(shí)間，和finally，at last相近。Hell have left London by the end of next month. 到下個(gè)月月末，他將已經(jīng)離開倫敦。Keep on working hard and youll make it in the end. 繼續(xù)努力，最終你會成功的。Youll find the bus stop

21、at the end of this street. 在這條大街的盡頭，你會找到公共汽車站的。How many English novels had you read by the end of last year? 到去年年底為止，你已讀了多少本英文小說？He made a speech at the end of the meeting. 在會議結(jié)束時(shí)他發(fā)表了講話。【注意】at an end，(sth) come to an end，bring/ put sth to an end中的end前均用不定冠詞an不能換成定冠詞the，4. in ruins 毀壞；嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪；成為廢墟Y

22、ears of fighting have left the area in ruins. 多年的戰(zhàn)事以使這個(gè)地區(qū)滿目瘡痍。The scandal let his reputation in ruins. 這件丑聞使他身敗名裂。5. blow away blow sb. away 槍殺某人；給人留下深刻印象；使人高興He was blown away when wandering in the street. 他在大街上閑逛時(shí)遭到槍殺。His wonderful performance really blew us away. 他的精彩表演給我們留下了深刻的印象。 blow sth away

23、把吹走The fallen leaves on the street have been blown away by the strong wind. 大街上的落葉已被大風(fēng)吹走。【知識拓展】blow in/ into 突然來到；突然進(jìn)入blow out 被（風(fēng)等）吹滅；熄滅；輕易擊?。橙耍゜low up 爆炸；被炸毀；（對某人）發(fā)火【注意】blow away，blow off，blow out，blow up中的away，off，out和up均為副詞，若代詞作這些短語的賓語，應(yīng)放在這些副詞的前面。6 asas 和一樣 asas意為“和一樣”，表示兩個(gè)同級之間的比較。使用要注意第一個(gè)as為副詞

24、，第二個(gè)as為連詞。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：as + adj./ adv. + as。其否定式為：not as /so + adj./ adv. + as。This film is as interesting as that one. 這部電影和那部電影一樣有趣。Your pen writes as smoothly as mine. 你的鋼筆書寫起來和我的一樣流暢。This dictionary is not as/ so useful as you think. 這本字典不如你想象的那樣有用。 在asas結(jié)構(gòu)中，第一個(gè)as的前面可以加上表示倍數(shù)的詞或是某些副詞修飾語：twice，(three) t

25、imes，nearly，almost，just，exactly，not nearly（根本不），by no means（絕不），quite等等。Asia is four times as Europe. 亞洲有歐洲的四倍大（亞洲比歐洲大三倍）。Jim is not nearly as tall as Ben. 吉姆根本沒有本高。Cast iron is almost as useful as steel. 鑄鐵差不多與鋼一樣有用。She hasnt been quite so unlucky as she pretends. 她還沒有向她常裝出的那樣不幸。7. dig out 挖掘出More

26、than a dozen people were dug out of the avalanche alive. 十多個(gè)埋在雪崩下的人被救了出來。 找到；發(fā)掘；發(fā)現(xiàn)（藏著的或被遺忘的東西）I went to the attic and duh out Grandpas medals. 我在閣樓里找到了祖父的勛章?！咀⒁狻縟ig的過去式和過去分詞分別是dug，dug，現(xiàn)在分詞是digging。8. a (great) number of 許多；大量的后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。I have read a great number of books on this subject. 我已經(jīng)閱讀了大量有關(guān)這個(gè)

27、主題的書。A great number of foreign visitors come to China every year. 每年都有大量外國游客來中國?！颈嫖觥縜 number of與the number ofthe number of是“的數(shù)目”，后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，作主語時(shí)謂語動詞用單數(shù)。a number of是“許多，大量”的意思，后可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，作主語時(shí)謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。The number of private colleges has increased. = Private colleges have increased in number. 私立大學(xué)的數(shù)目已增大。Ive

28、 seen the movie a number of times. 這部電影我已經(jīng)看過多次了。三、 重點(diǎn)句型1. Now, imagine there has been a big earthquake. 現(xiàn)在設(shè)想一下有過一次大地震。 該句使用了there be句型。there be句型是一種存在句，表示某個(gè)事物在什么地方，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“There + be + 主語 + 其他成分”，其中there為引導(dǎo)詞，本身無意義。謂語動詞根據(jù)be后面的主語，按就近原則確定。There is a book and two pens on the desk. 書桌上有一本書和兩支鋼筆。There are tw

29、o pens and a book on the desk. 書桌上有兩支筆和一本書。 在there be句型中，be還可被live，come，stand，lie，exist，remain等動詞所替代。There lies a large wheat field to the south of our school. 我們學(xué)校的南面有一片廣闊的麥地。Long long ago there lived a wise king. 很久以前有一位十分明智的國王。There came shouts for help from the river. 從河那邊傳來了“救命”的喊聲。 there be句型中

30、可在there和be之間加情態(tài)動詞或系動詞、助動詞等表示更豐富的含義。There seems to be no need to stay here. 好像沒有必要呆在這里。There have been great changes in our school since 1990. 自1990年以來，我們學(xué)校發(fā)生了巨大的變化。There cant be such a person in our group. 我們小組中不可能有這樣的一個(gè)人。there being結(jié)構(gòu)為there be句型的獨(dú)立主格形式，在句中用作狀語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句，它和主句之間不能出現(xiàn)連接詞。There being no

31、 buses, we had to walk home. 因?yàn)闆]有公共汽車，我們只好步行回家?！咀⒁狻縯here be中的be不能用have/ has/ had代替。2. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. 老鼠從田野里跑出來找地方藏身。 looking for places to hide為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語表示伴隨情況。He likes toile in bed reading books. 他喜歡躺在床上看書。He worked late into the night preparing a report for

32、his boss. 他工作到深夜為老板準(zhǔn)備一份報(bào)告?！咀⒁狻楷F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，分詞的邏輯主語就是句子的主語，它表示分詞所表示的動作與主句主語之間的主謂關(guān)系，若為動賓關(guān)系則用過去分詞。 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語還可用來表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、結(jié)果等。When crossing the street, you must be careful. 過馬路時(shí)，你必須小心。（時(shí)間狀語）Being badly ill, he couldnt attend the lecture. 由于病得厲害，他不能去聽講座了。（原因狀語）It kept raining for three hours, thus making the

33、 delay of the plane. 大雨連續(xù)下了三個(gè)小時(shí)，因此導(dǎo)致了飛機(jī)的晚點(diǎn)。（結(jié)果狀語）Giving him a second chance, hell surely succeed. 再給他一次機(jī)會，他肯定會成功的。（條件狀語）3. It seemed as if the world was at an end! 仿佛到了世界末日！ as if (= as through)，“好像；好似；仿佛”She spoke to me as if she knew me. 她和我說話的神情，好像她早就認(rèn)識我似的。 as if的作用as if從句的用法A： 在look，seem等系動詞后引導(dǎo)表

34、語從句。She looks as if she were ten years younger. 她看起來好像年輕了十歲。It seems as if our team is going to win. 看來我們隊(duì)要贏了。B：引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句She loves the boy as if she were his mother. 她愛這男孩，就好像她是他的母親一樣。The child talked to us as if he were a grown up. 那孩子跟我們談起話來，像個(gè)成年人似的。 as if 還可用于省略句中如果as if引導(dǎo)的從句是“主語+系動詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，可省略主語和系動詞，

35、這樣as if后就只剩下名詞、不定式、形容詞（短語）、介詞短語或分詞。He acts as if (he was) a fool. 他做事像個(gè)傻子。Tom raised his hands as if (he was going) to say something. 湯姆舉起手好像要說什么。She left the room hurriedly as if (she was) angry. 她匆忙離開房間好像生氣的樣子。 as if從句的語氣及時(shí)態(tài)A：as if從句用陳述語氣的情況當(dāng)說話者認(rèn)為句子所述的是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生或存在的事實(shí)時(shí)。It sounds as if it is raini

36、ng. 聽起來好像是在下雨。He talks as if he is drunk. 從他談話的樣子看他是醉了。B：as if從句用虛擬語氣的情況。當(dāng)說話人認(rèn)為句子所述的是不真實(shí)的或極少有可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時(shí)。從句虛擬語氣動詞時(shí)態(tài)的形式如下：a：如果從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，謂語動詞用一般過去時(shí)。You look as if you didnt care. 你看上去好像并不在乎。He talks as if he knew where she was. 他說話的樣子，好像知道她在哪里似的。b：如果從句表示與過去事實(shí)相反，謂語動詞用“had + 過去分詞”。He talks about Rome

37、as if he had been there before. 他說起羅馬來好像他以前去過那里似的。The girl listened as if she had been turned to stone. 那女孩傾聽著，一動也不動，像已經(jīng)變成了石頭似的。c：如果從句表示與將來事實(shí)相反，謂語動詞用“would/ could/ might +動詞原形”。He opened his mouth as if he would say something. 他張開嘴好像要說什么。It looks as if it might snow. 看來好像要下雪了。4。 Two-thirds of them d

38、ied or were injured during the earthquake. 三分之二的人在地震中死去活受傷?！皊ome of，plenty of，a lot of，most of， the rest of，all of，half of，part of或分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù) +of+ 名詞”等短語作主語時(shí)，謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)由of后面的名詞決定。A lot of students are waiting outside. 許多學(xué)生在外面等著。A lot of money has been wasted. 許多錢被浪費(fèi)了。More than 70% of the surface of the eart

39、h is covered by water. 地球表面百分之七十以上被水覆蓋著。5. Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents. 成千上萬個(gè)家庭失去了生命，許多孩子沒有了父母。many children were left without parents是leave many children without parents的被動形式?！發(fā)eave + 賓語 + 賓補(bǔ)”是一個(gè)很常用的結(jié)構(gòu)，它表示“使某人/某物處于某種狀態(tài)；留下某人/某物；留給某人”等等，該結(jié)構(gòu)常用作狀語。其中的賓補(bǔ)

40、可用名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞等充當(dāng)。His parents died, leaving him a lot of money. 他的父母去世了，留給他一大筆錢。（名詞作賓補(bǔ)）You shouldnt have left all the windows open when you were sleeping. 你睡覺時(shí)不該開著所有的窗子。（形容詞作賓補(bǔ)）He ran away angrily, leaving his girlfriend in the rain. 他生氣地跑開了，留下了他的女友在雨中。（介詞短語作賓補(bǔ)）The woman writer passed aw

41、ay, leaving several books unfinished 那位女作家去世了。留下了好幾本書沒寫完。（過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)）It was impolite of you to leave the guest standing outside for half an hour. 你讓客人在外邊站了半個(gè)小時(shí)真不禮貌。（現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)）【辨析】make與leave“make + 賓語 + 賓補(bǔ)”與“l(fā)eave + 賓語 + 賓補(bǔ)”的區(qū)別是make和leave之后都可接形容詞做賓補(bǔ)，表示“使得某人/某物”，但在意義上是有差異的；make強(qiáng)調(diào)動作；leave強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，即某事發(fā)生后留下的影響。Yo

42、ur words made me unhappy. 你的話讓我生氣。The flood hit this area once again, leaving many people homeless. 洪水再次侵襲這個(gè)地區(qū)，使得許多人無家可歸。6. All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破滅了。英語中的部分否定（即不完全否定）有如下一些表示方法： all的否定式：not all(或：allnot)表示“并非都，不是所有的都”。Not all men can be masters = All men cannot be masters. 并非人人都能當(dāng)頭頭。Not all

43、bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都會長得很高。 both的否定句：notboth(或：bothnot)表示“并非兩個(gè)都”。I dont want both the books. 我不是兩本書都要。Both (the) windows are not open. 兩扇窗子并不都開著。 every的否定式：not every(或：everynot)表示“不是每都”。Not every book is educative.= Every book is not educative. 不是每本書都有教育意義的。Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜

44、歡這本書的。This flower is not seen everywhere. 這花并不是隨處可見的。 always的否定式：not always表示“并非總是（并非一直）”。He is not always so sad. 他不是一直都這樣悲傷。如要對上述的all，both，every，always等詞做完全否定，那就分別要用與之相對應(yīng)的完全否定詞，如：none，neither，no one，never等。All of them can do it-None of them can do it.Both are good-Neither is good.Everybody likes i

45、t-Nobody likes it.He is always late. -He is never late.We dont trust them entirely-We never trust them at all.He was here all the time-He was never here.7. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 工人們給幸存者搭起帳篷，這些人的家已經(jīng)被摧毀了。該句是一個(gè)含有whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句的主從復(fù)合句?！皐hose + n.”引導(dǎo)的定語從句可變?yōu)椤皌h

46、e + n. + of which/ whom”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。We are studying in a classroom whose windows face the south.= We are studying in a classroom the windows of which face the south. 我們在一個(gè)窗戶朝南的教室里學(xué)習(xí)。We all like the boy whose native language is French. = We all like the boy the native language of whom is French. 我們都喜歡那個(gè)母

47、語是法語的男孩。【辨析】whose與whichwhose和which都可引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作定語。但whose意為“的”，表示所屬關(guān)系，而which意為“這，那”，在語義上相當(dāng)于this或that。Please pass me the book whose cover is yellow. 請把那本黃色封面的書遞給我。He may come late, in which case Mr Sun will be angry. 他可能會遲到，那樣的話孫先生會生氣的。例題點(diǎn)津例題 1. _ no secrets between them, since they are close friends

48、 and they almost share everything with each other. A. It seems to be B. They seem to be C. There seem to be D. They seem having答案 C點(diǎn)撥 There seem to be 是There be句型的結(jié)構(gòu)的擴(kuò)展形式，意為“好像是有”。若D項(xiàng)改為They seem to have則正確。例題 2. It _ that he was there when the quarrel _ . A. was happened; happened B. happen; was hap

49、pened C. was happened; was happened D. happened; happened答案 D點(diǎn)撥 第一空填happened構(gòu)成it (so) happened that 意為“如此碰巧”，第二空的happened意為“發(fā)生”。happen作“碰巧”和“發(fā)生”講時(shí)都是不及物動詞，沒有被動語態(tài)。例題 3. On hearing the shouts of “help”, he rushed to the river _ . A. right now B. right off C. right away D. all the above答案 D點(diǎn)撥 right now，

50、right off，right away都有“立即；馬上”的意思。例題 4. （根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子）Close the windows in case the papers on the desks _ _ _ _ （被風(fēng)刮走）。答案 should be blown away點(diǎn)撥 blow away為固定短語，意為“吹走；刮走”，in case之后的目的狀語從句可用虛擬語氣，即謂語動詞用“should + 動詞原形”。例題 5. Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair. A. whose B. whic

51、h C. of which D. that答案 A點(diǎn)撥 whose roof= the roof of which，whose引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)用作從句的定語，表示所屬關(guān)系，意為“的”。例題 6. Hearing the news, she burst into_ and burst _ the room. A. crying; out B. tears; in C. crying; into D. tears; out of答案 D點(diǎn)撥 burst into tears= burst out crying，意為“突然哭起來”，burst into the room意為“沖進(jìn)房間”，burst o

52、ut of the room意為“沖出房間”。例題 7. In the dark forest _ , some large enough to hold several English towns. A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakes C. many lakes lie D. many lakes stand答案 B點(diǎn)撥 介詞短語作地點(diǎn)狀語位于句首時(shí)，句子用完全倒裝語序，且lake的存在狀態(tài)是lie不是stand，故選B項(xiàng)。例題 8 The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _

53、 absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; were C. was; was D. were, were答案 B點(diǎn)撥 “the number of + n.”作主語時(shí)，句子用單數(shù)謂語動詞，“a number of + n.”作主語時(shí)，句子用謂語復(fù)數(shù)動詞。例題 9 We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketball, _ that all children like these things. A. thinking B. think C. to think D. thought答案 A點(diǎn)撥 thinking在該句中為現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表示原因，它和句子的主語we之間為主謂關(guān)系。例題 10 Eugenes never willing to alter any of his opinions. Its no use _ with him. A. to argue B. arguing C. argued D. having arguing答案 B點(diǎn)撥 Its no use/ useless doing為固定句式，意為“干