物流英語第2課-WhatisLogistics

1、lWhy?l已畢業(yè)的學生74.2%認為物流英語重要，比較重要l在校學生85.9%認為物流英語重要，比較重要l14.1%認為物流英語無所謂物流詞匯物流詞匯一、與一般英語不同，有固定的解釋lcustoms controll bill of ladinglgeneral averagel shelf lifelcollectl海關(guān)監(jiān)管l提單l共同海損l貨架期l貨到后付款（到付）l二、多詞一義lstock 存貨lwarehouse 倉儲lstorage 存儲lstoring 存儲linventory 庫存lacquisitionlprocurement采購（比較正式）lsourcinglpurchas

2、ingl三、一詞多義lshipping spacelshipping by charteringlshipping agencyl發(fā)貨區(qū)shipping指發(fā)貨l租船運輸shipping指運輸l船務(wù)代理shipping指船務(wù)l四、縮略詞lCRP continues replenishment programlCAO computer assisted orderinglFCL full container load lVMI vender management inventorylETD expected time of deliveryl連續(xù)補貨計劃l計算機輔助訂貨l整箱貨l供應商管理庫存l預

3、計交貨時間l五、合成詞、派生詞比較多l(xiāng)airfreight loutsourcinglfiberboardlsubcontractorlport to portlyard to yardl空運l外購l纖維板l分包商l港到港l場到場Logistics: what is it?TopicslWhat is logistics?lLogistics in Central and Eastern EuropelHow important is logistics?lThe work of logisticsLogistics 1lLogistics is the process of planning

4、,implementing and controlling the efficient,effective flow and storage of goods,services and related information from point of origin to point of consumption for the purpose of meeting customer requirments.(The council of Supply Chain Management Professionals)Logistics 2lIn Chinese Logistics Terms,l

5、ogistics means the physical movement of goods from the supplier to the receiver.lBased on practical need,integrated organically the variety of the basic functional activities including transportation,storage,loading and unloading,handling,package,distribution,information management,etc.Logistics 3lL

6、ogistics is a unique global pipeline that operates 24 hours a day,seven days a week and 52 weeks a year, planning and coordinating the delivery of products and service to customers all over the world.Physical Flows, Nodes and NetworksHow important is logistics?lLogistics has a huge impact on the dom

7、estic and global economy.lLogistics facilitates market exchanges,provides a major source of employment, and is a major purchaser of assets and materials.lLogistics is of critical importance to human survival.l The logistics system provides the continuous availability of food, water,medicine,and othe

8、r key materials that you need to survive.lLogistics greatly impacts our quality of life.lThe logistics industry employs people worldwide,providing a cost-effective means of distributing goods locally and globally.The more affordable the goods,the higher the standard of living for you.lLogistics grea

9、tly impacts activities other than the flow of industrial and consumer produts.lThe International Red Cross provide logistics support in life-threatening situations such as floods,hurricanes,and earthquakes.They set up temporary facilities and shelters to efficiently distribute food,supplies,and equi

10、pment to disaster victims.lThe U.S. military relies on logistics to determine the feasibility of a mission.Logistics also provides the flexibility to move personnel,equipment,and supplies wherever they are needed in the world.lMajor productions like rock concerts and sporting events also require log

11、istics.During the Games,more than 1,200 logistics staff members were needed to receive,set up ,resupply and recover assets at 143 competition venues,training facilities and other sites.The work of logisticslOrder ProcessinglInventorylTransportlWarehousing, Materials Handling and PackaginglFacility N

12、etwork DesignOrder ProcessinglOrder preparationlOrder transmittallOrder entrylOrder fillinglOrder status reportinglKey customer interfaceInventorylRaw materialslWork in processlFinished goodslSupplies TransportlThese are the operations which geographically move and position inventorylInclude road, r

13、ail, water, air and pipelinelIs the largest element of logistics costsWarehousinglMany types of warehousinglTraditional role has been to hold or store inventory but Today many value added activities occur in such environments, operations focus on customisation, velocity and movementPackaging and Mat

14、erials HandlinglPackaging serves to protect products during the logistics processlMaterials handling involves receiving, moving, storing, sorting and assembling.Facility Network DesignlA facility network is the number, size and geographical relationship of facilities used to perform logistical opera

15、tions.lInclude manufacturing plants, warehouses, cross-docks, ports and retail outlets.lFacility network design determines the number and location of all types of facilities used to perform logistics workText 2Activities in Logistical SystemComponents (functions) of logistics system Components inclu

16、de but not limit to: demand forecasting order management procurement production planning packaging material handling transportation warehousinginventory control customer service returned products handling part and service support salvage and scrap disposal demand forecasting需求預測 Why demand forecasti

17、ng?lTherefore, company can make decisions such as what kinds and how many raw materials should be ordered from its suppliers; when to start manufacturing and how many finished goods should be transported or held in each market.order management 訂單管理lRefer to management of the activities that take pla

18、ce between the time a customer place an order and the time it is received by the customer. lInclude activities such as order planning, order transmittal, order processing, order picking and assembly, order deliveryProcurement 采購lProcurement refers to the raw materials, component parts, and other sup

19、plies bought from outside organizations to support a companys operation.lSince these input can have direct impact on both the cost and quality of the final product/service offered to the customer, this activity is important to the overall success of the logistics effort. Prodution planning 生產(chǎn)計劃生產(chǎn)計劃l

20、It can be concluded under logistics because manufacturing need component and raw materials in order to make finished goods that are,in turn,demanded by a customer.Packaging 包裝lPackaging can have both a marketing (consumer packaging) and logistical (industrial packaging) dimension. Industrial packagi

21、ng focus on protecting the product while it is being shipped and stored. lToo much packaging increases costs while inadequate protection can result in merchandise damage and, ultimately, customer dissatisfaction. material handling 物料搬運lMaterials handling refers to the short-distance movement of prod

22、ucts within the confines of a facility (e.g., plant, warehouse).l Since materials handling tends to add costs (e.g., labor cost, product loss and product damage) rather than value to logistics systems, managers tends to minimize the number of handling whenever possible. Transportation 運輸lTransportat

23、ion is the actual physical movement of goods or people from one place to anotherlIt involves selection of the transport mode,routing of the shipment,compliance with regulation in the region of the country,and selection of carriers.lIt is often the most costly logistics functions,can range from 40%60

24、% of a firm s total logistics cost.Warehousing 倉儲lWarehousing supports production by consolidating inbound materials and distributing them to the production facility at the appropriate time.lWarehousing also helps marketing to serve current customers.lImportant changes have occurred with respect to

25、warehousing s role in contemporary logistics and supply chain systems. Inventory control 庫存控制lInventory refers to stocks of good that are maintained for a variety of purposes, such as for resale to others, as well as to support manufacturing or assembling processes. lTo achieve good inventory control, logisticians need to balance the cost of maintaining additional products on hand against the risk of not having those items when the