（推薦）初中英語中的名詞復(fù)習(xí)

1、一.不可數(shù)名詞,當(dāng)單數(shù)使用.(前面不能用a / an , one , two ,three等修飾, 后面不能加s), 肉類: meat, , beef, pork, chicken, fish飲料: juice, milk, Coke, water, tea, coffee, 食物: fruit , bread, candy,植物: bamboo, grass其他: information, homework, housework, 二. 前面用an的名詞a字母開頭 apple, animal, Asian, African, aunt, art, e字母開頭 egg, elephant, e

2、maili字母開頭 ice cream, international school, invitation, Indian boy, idea, o 字母開頭 office, onion, orangeu 字母開頭 uncle, umbrella但是 a Eruopean wolf , a university三. 名詞復(fù)數(shù)1. grandchild- grandchildren, mouse- mice, man-men, woman- women2. classes, buses, boxes, matches, potatoes, tomatoes3. 輔音+y, 去y加ies: cit

3、y, factory, university, secretary, family, dictionary, library, party 元音+y, 直接加s: boys, plays, keys, monkeys 1. 以f, fe 結(jié)尾, 去f, fe加ves: leaf- leaves, wolf- wolves, knife- knives四. 形容詞性物主代詞my your his her its our your their我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我們的 你們的 他/她/它們的五. 國(guó)家名 / 人1.China / Chinese 2. Japan / Japanese 3

4、. England / English 4. America / American 5. India / Indian 6. Australia / Australian 六. 洲名 / 的1. Asia / Asian 2. Africa / African 3. America / American4. South America / South American 5. North America / North American1 / 76. Europe / European 7. Oceania / Oceanian一、名詞（n.） 表示人、事物或抽象概念的名稱的詞（一）名詞的分類名

5、詞分為普通名詞和專有名詞,其中普通名詞包括可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，可數(shù)名詞可用作單數(shù)，也可用作復(fù)數(shù)?？蓴?shù)名詞包括個(gè)體名詞（表示一類人或物的個(gè)體。如：boy,desk,cat,window）和集體名詞（由若干個(gè)體組成的集合體。如：family,class,police）。不可數(shù)名詞包括物質(zhì)名詞（表示無法分為個(gè)體的實(shí)物。如：water,paper,silk,money）和抽象名詞（表示性質(zhì)、行為、狀態(tài)、感情或其它抽象概念。如：work,happiness,music,difficulty,housework）專有名詞表示個(gè)人、地方、機(jī)構(gòu)、組織等。如：Tom,the Great Wall,the Sp

6、ring Festival,France,the United States）（二）名詞的數(shù)1.可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式，其復(fù)數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成主要有以下幾種：（1）一般情況下,在詞尾加s. eg.bookbooks,dogdogs,penpens,boyboys以輕輔音結(jié)尾的名詞后的s的讀音為s，以濁輔音和元音結(jié)尾名詞后的s讀音為z。（2）以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的詞名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),要在詞尾加es.eg.beachbeaches,brushbrushes,busbuses,boxboxes（es讀音為iz（3）以“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾的名詞,先變y為i,再加es. eg.citycities, fa

7、milyfamilies, documentarydocumentaries, countrycountries, strawberrystrawberries（ies讀音為iz）（注：以“元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，直接在詞尾加-s.eg.boys,holidays,days）（4）以元音字母o結(jié)尾的名詞，變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)情況如下： 加eg.tomatotomatoes,potatopotatoes 結(jié)尾是兩個(gè)元音字母的加s,eg.zoozoos,radioradios 某些外來詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)詞尾加s,eg. pianopianos 一些名詞的縮寫形式變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，詞尾加s, eg.photo（photogra

8、ph）photos,kilo（kilogram）kilos zero變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，既可加s,也可加 eg.zeroszeroes（5）以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),先把f或fe變?yōu)関,再加es. eg.wifewives,leaf-leaves,halfhalves, knifeknives,thiefthieves（res讀音為vz（注意：chef chefs, roof roofs, safe（保險(xiǎn)箱） safes,proof（證據(jù)） proofs, chief chiefs, handkerchief handkerchiefs）（6）有些名詞由單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，不是在詞尾加s或es,而是變換其

9、中的字母。eg.manmen,womanwomen,policemanpolicemen,EnglishmanEnglishmen,FrenchmanFrenchmen, footfeet, toothteeth, childchildren,mousemice,OxOxen（公牛）（7）還有一些名詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式相同。 eg.Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish works（8）另一些名詞本身即是復(fù)數(shù)形式，不可用作單數(shù)。 eg,people,police,trousers,pants,clothes 另外,當(dāng)一個(gè)名詞作定語修飾另一個(gè)名詞時(shí)，這個(gè)名詞一般用單數(shù)。

10、eg.an apple tree,five apple trees, a girl friend,two girl friends,a twin sister但是，當(dāng)man和woman作定語修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，就要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。eg.two men teachers,three women doctors可用“量詞+of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)表示可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量。eg.a room Of students,two boxes Of pencils2.不可數(shù)名詞一般沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，它的“量”的表示方式如下。（1）表不定數(shù)量時(shí),一般用much,（a）little,a lot oflots of,some,a

11、ny等詞修飾。eg,much money,a little bread（2）表確定數(shù)量時(shí),一般用“數(shù)詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞。如：twothree+量詞復(fù)數(shù)十of+不可數(shù)名詞。eg.a bag Of rice,two glasses Of milk,four bottles Of water3.有些名詞既可作可數(shù)名詞也可作不可數(shù)名詞，但詞義有所不同。eg： fruit水果fruits表示不同種類的水果；food食物foods各種食品；fish魚fishes魚的種類；drink飲料、酒a drink一杯一份飲料、一杯酒； cloth布,a cloth桌布、抹布； sand沙sands沙灘； t

12、ea茶a tea一杯茶；chicken雞肉a chicken小雞；orange橘汁an orange橘子； glass玻璃a glass玻璃杯,glasses眼鏡； paper紙a paper試卷、論文；wood木頭a wood小森林；room空間、余地a room房間一、 寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：1. pencil-box _ 2. wife _ 3. Sunday _ 4. city _ 5. dress _ 6. Englishman _ 7. match _ 8. Chinese _9. zoo _ 10. exam_ 11. German 1. More college gradua

13、tes would like to work in _ west part of our country _ next year . A. the ; the B. / ; / C. / ; the D. the ; / 2. This is my dress . That one is _ . A. Mary B. Marys C. sister D. mother 3. By the way , have you got _ E-mail address ? Oh yes , its rggren. A. the B. an C. a D. 不填 4. In which class is

14、_ boy in white ? Hes in Class 4 . A. the B. a C. an D. （不填）5. It takes us _ hour or more to go to my hometown by _ train . A. an ;a B. a ; an C. an ; 不填 D. a ; 不填 6. You can see Mr. Smith if there is a sign “_” on the door of his shop . Thanks . A. ENTRANCE B. BUSINESS HOURS C. THIS SIDE UP D. NO SM

15、OKING 7. Whats your _ for being late again ? A. idea B. key C. excuse D. news 8. Several _ are talking under the tree . And their _ are swimming in the lake . A. woman , children B. woman , child C. women , childrenD. women , child 9. “What _ do you like best ?”“Football .” A. food B. subject C. spo

16、rt D. music 10. Lucy tried her best to find a good job in the city , but she had no _ . A. trouble B. idea C. luck D. time 11. What would you like , madam ? Id like _ , please . A. two bottles of orange B. two bottles of oranges C. two bottle of oranges D. two bottle of orange 12. About _ films were

17、 shown during the 5th Shanghai International Film Festival .A. two hundred of B. two hundreds of C. two hundred D. two hundreds 13. The little baby has two _ already . A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths 14. Would you like to go to the _ to buy some food ? A. market B. hospital C. factory D. cinema 15. Where are the students ? Are they in _ ? A. the Room 406 B. Room 406 C. the 406 Room D. 406 Room 16. I feel tired . I have so much work to do and dont have much time for myself . You should take _ , I think . A. hea