第6講漢語成語的英譯方法

1、The Translation of Chinese IdiomsThe Translation of Chinese Idioms I. A Comparison of Chinese and English Idioms (1) Same Meaning, Same Structure趁熱打鐵 火上加油 一箭雙雕 混水摸魚 眼不見，心不煩 to strike while the iron is hotto pour oil on the flameto kill two birds with one stoneto fish in the troubled watersout of sig

2、ht, out of mind (2) Same Meaning, Same Rhetoric輕如鴻毛 面如土色 穩(wěn)如泰山 易如反掌 as light as a featheras pale as ashesas steady as the mountainas easy as turning over ones hand (3) Different Figures (喻體形象不同)健壯如牛害群之馬殺雞取卵血流如注艷若桃李掌上明珠 as strong as a horsea black sheepto kill the goose that lays the golden eggsto ble

3、ed like a pigas red as rose; like lilies and rosesapple of somebodys eyeII. Translation Approaches1. Literal Translation 直譯法滄海一粟海底撈針順?biāo)浦?a grain in the oceanto fish up a needle from the seato push the boat with the current 保留表達(dá)方式，再現(xiàn)成語的形象和修辭色彩保留表達(dá)方式，再現(xiàn)成語的形象和修辭色彩 無法傳達(dá)蘊涵意義，易引起錯誤聯(lián)想無法傳達(dá)蘊涵意義，易引起錯誤聯(lián)想貓哭耗子謀事

4、在人成事在天2. Liberal Translation 意譯法摩拳擦掌青黃不接水落石出 to roll up ones sleevesbefore the green corn grows and after the while crop is consumedThe truth will prevail in the end. 簡明反映成語的喻意簡明反映成語的喻意 丟失文化特色和具體形象丟失文化特色和具體形象順手牽羊噤若寒蟬立竿見影3. Literal Translation Plus Annotation 加注法 黔驢技窮 The proverbial donkey in ancient

5、 Guizhou has exhausted its tricks. (It is Liu Zong Yuans description of the donkeys trick in Guizhou, which tells a tiger in Guizhou was scared when he saw a donkey for the first time. But discovering that all the donkey could do was to bray and kick, the tiger fell upon it and devoured it. ) 東施效顰 D

6、ong Shi imitating Xi Shi(Xi Shi was a famous beauty in the ancient kingdom of YueDong Shi was an ugly girl who tried to imitate her way. ) 煽風(fēng)點火千鈞一發(fā)貓哭老鼠 to fan the flameto hang by a threadto shed crocodile tears 4. Using English Equivalences 套譯法 英漢成語字面意義與蘊涵意義基本一致英漢成語字面意義與蘊涵意義基本一致混水摸魚眼見為實隔墻有耳 比喻意義一致，但

7、比喻比喻意義一致，但比喻形象形象不同不同揮金如土緣木求魚掛羊頭賣狗肉 東張西望III. The Image Management in CE Translation of Idioms 1. Keep Original Image保留形象直譯 吳用道：“休得再提。常言道：隔墻須有耳，窗外豈無人。只你知我知?！保ㄊ┠外炙疂G） You must not mention it, said Wu Yung. There is a saying, Walls have ears, and outside the window is there not a man? This plan must be k

8、ept between you and me only. 井底之蛙調(diào)虎離山口蜜腹劍 to be like a frog at the bottom of a wellto lure the tiger from the mountainto be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted 保留形象節(jié)譯他知道黃鼠狼給雞拜年，沒安好心。He realized that it was a case of the weasel coming to pay his respects to the hen.竹籃打水一場空！We were drawing water in a bam

9、boo basket.2. Transform Original Image轉(zhuǎn)換形象-套譯 這位小姐，德性溫良，才貌出眾，魯老先生和夫人因無子息，愛如掌上明珠。(吳敬梓儒林外史) I know the young lady, and she is virtuous, gentle and beautiful. Because Mr. and Mrs. Lu have no son, this girl is the apple of their eye. “土埋半截了”（周立波，暴風(fēng)驟雨） Ive got one foot in the grave.（張培基，1979：105） 涸澤而漁打草驚

10、蛇玩火自焚對牛彈琴畫蛇添足 to drain a pond to catch all the fish to stir up the grass and alert the snake to get burnt by the fire kindled by oneselfto play the lute to a cowto draw a snake and add feet to itto kill the goose that lays the golden eggsto wake a sleeping dogto fry in ones own greaseto cast pearls before swineto paint the lily3. Discard Original Image舍棄形象意譯 “我是想：咱們是孔夫子搬家，凈是書（輸）?！?(周立波暴風(fēng)驟雨) Only I feel bad when we lose every fight. 等他們趕來增援時，已是“正月十五貼門神晚了半月啦”.(馮至：敵后武工隊) But they were too late for rescue when they arrived.我這個人你耶知道，說話向來是袖筒里入棒槌直出直入。You know me well I speak frankly and to th