名詞性從句學(xué)案

1、.名詞性從句(Noun Clauses)課前熱身：判斷以下句子中劃線部分屬于什么句子成分。His job is important.What he does is important. （主語(yǔ)）I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day. （ ）This is his job.This is what he does every day. （ ）I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher. （同位語(yǔ)）一、

2、概念：在復(fù)合句中起 作用的從句叫做名詞性從句。 二、分類：可分為四類：主語(yǔ)從句、 、表語(yǔ)從句和 。三、名詞性從句的連接詞： 從屬連詞詞形詞義在從句中所作的成分連接代詞連接副詞四、主語(yǔ)從句（the subject clause )（一）結(jié)構(gòu)： That he is ready to help others is well- known . Whether he will attend the meeting is not decided. Who will go is not important.When he will leave for the United States hasnt bee

3、n decided.用正確的連接詞填空1. the volleyball match will be put off is certain now.2. Mr. Liu will attend the meeting depends on the weather.3. she said is hard to understand.4. leaves the room last must turn off the lights.5. will won the match is still unknown. 6._ the English party will be held has not ye

4、t been unknown.（二）用it作形式主語(yǔ)的句型有：1) It is certain that she will do well in her exam.It is probable that he told her everything.2) Its a pity that we cant go. Its still a problem whether they will go.3) It is said that Mr Green has arrived in Beijing. It is reported that China has sent another man-made

5、 satellite（人造衛(wèi)星） into orbit.4) It seems that Alice will not come to the party at all. It happened that I was out that day.It occurred to me that I had forgotten my key in the office.5) It doesnt matter whether she will come or not.（三）主謂一致:1)在含有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用 。That we need more cars _ (be)

6、obvious.2）由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)從句時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 。Where and when the meeting will begin _(have not) been decided yet.（四）主語(yǔ)從句練習(xí) 用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空1._ the 2000 Olympics games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.2. we cant get seems better than we have.3. It worried her a bit her hair was turning gray.4. is a fact that En

7、glish is being accepted as an international language.5._we learn English well is very necessary in modern times.6._we will hold the meeting depends on the weather.7. It surprised us he came to the wedding party.8._he told you was a lie.9. It was he said disappointed me.五、賓語(yǔ)從句（the object clause ): （一

8、）結(jié)構(gòu)： 1. I think (that) watching TV too much is bad for peoples health.2. Can you tell me where the nearest post office is?3. The teacher was pleased with what she has said. 4. Im sure that you will make great progress.（二）注意：1做動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ):1) 大部分賓語(yǔ)從句直接跟在動(dòng)詞后： He doesnt know where the post office is.2) 有些賓語(yǔ)從句

9、前要有間接賓語(yǔ)： He told me what I should read2做情感或態(tài)度形容詞的賓語(yǔ)，that 常省略.Im happy (that) you have written me soon. 3做介詞的賓語(yǔ)有兩個(gè)重要詞組： in that: 因?yàn)?，由于，在于?except /but that: 除之外，只是。除此之外，介詞后常用what /who/when/where/how .1) Your composition is very good except that there are some spelling mistakes.2) Theory is valuable i

10、n that it can provide a direction for practice.3) Did she say anything about how we should do the work? These areas are similar_ they have heavy rainfalls during the same season.4. it 作形式賓語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成句型：1) make/feel/find/believe/consider=think=suppose +it + adj/n.+ that從句：使/覺(jué)得/發(fā)現(xiàn)/相信/認(rèn)為We make it clear that

11、anyone who breaks the rule will be punished. He thought it surprising that Jean had failed the exam.2) it 指代后面從句所敘述的內(nèi)容,常用：like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/enjoy/ prefer + it + if 或when從句I hate it when people laugh at the disabled .I like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. 3) take i

12、t for granted that:想當(dāng)然認(rèn)為.; 認(rèn)為是理所當(dāng)然的。I took_ for granted that everyone likes computer games. 5. 關(guān)于賓語(yǔ)從句中不省略that的情況:1) 當(dāng)有兩個(gè)或者兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),從第2個(gè)從句中that不能省略.He said that he didnt accept the condition and that he would do it if I changed it according to his opinion. 2) that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句放在句首時(shí).That he will come here ne

13、xt week I surely know.6.doubt作動(dòng)詞后接賓語(yǔ)從句，肯定句由whether/if引導(dǎo)，否定句由that引導(dǎo).I doubt _he will attend the meeting.I dont doubt _he will attend the meeting.（三）賓語(yǔ)從句練習(xí) 單句改錯(cuò)（每句中有一處錯(cuò)誤。）1. Could you show me what I can get to the nearest hospital?2. I dont know whom has taken my pen.3. He thought it he was the best s

14、tudent.4. You must make it a rule what you put away your things whenever you use them.5. It makes her worried she is putting on weight. 6. I remember where we had our lessons in a shed(棚子).7. After when seemed a very long time, I opened my eyes and found myself in bed.8. Shanghai has taken on a new

15、look. It isnt like how it used to be.六. 表語(yǔ)從句(the predicative clause)（一）結(jié)構(gòu)： 1. That is why I didnt attend the meeting.2. The problem is whether we can work out a good plan soon.3. His suggestion is that we should get down to work at once.4. The fact remains that we are far behind them.5. It looks as

16、if /though the stadium is covered by a gray net of steel.（二）注意：1. look, remain等系動(dòng)詞后均可跟表語(yǔ)從句.2. as if /though也可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句 It looks as if its going to rain. 3. The reason why is that 的原因是 That is because ：那是因?yàn)?（表原因） That is why ：那就是為什么 （表結(jié)果）1) The reason why he was late was _ he missed the train by one min

17、ute this morning .2) He was ill . That was _ he was late for school.3) He was late for school. That was _he was ill.4) The fact is she doesnt like pop music. 5) My trouble is I dont have enough experience.6) The question is _ he will be present or not.7) What troubled him was he could get the money.

18、 （三）表語(yǔ)從句練習(xí) 用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空1. This was _we get there. First, we took a bus .Then we walk and at last we had to take a taxi. 2. _puzzled us was we couldnt find an effective way to improve the machine.3. Time is very valuable. The problem is we make good use of our time.4. Energy is _ makes things work .七、同位

19、語(yǔ)從句(the appositive clause)（一）結(jié)構(gòu)： I heard the news that our team had won. I had no idea that you were here.(二) 可以跟同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞: news, hope/wish , promise, word（消息), idea, fact, question, problem, suggestion /advice, opinion ，possibility ,message, order, truth, chance, doubt， requirement, thought, belief,

20、 feeling等。 （三）同位語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)可被別的詞把它和它所說(shuō)明的名詞隔開(kāi)，常構(gòu)成一些句型。1. There is possibility / a chance that it will rain next week. 2. There is no doubt that English is difficult to learn.3. I have no idea that she is famous pop star.(六) 同位語(yǔ)從句練習(xí) 用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空1. We are quite pleased with the result Chinas team has won 150 go

21、ld medals.2. They agreed with your idea you would go to Shanghai.3. He has made a promise he will come to meet me here.4. The fact she works hard is well known to us all.八、名詞性從句考點(diǎn)歸納:考點(diǎn)一: 區(qū)別that 與what.考點(diǎn)二：區(qū)別whether 與if.考點(diǎn)三：it 作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ). 考點(diǎn)四：虛擬語(yǔ)氣問(wèn)題. 考點(diǎn)一：that 與 what 的區(qū)別; that和 whether的區(qū)別使用:(一) that vs

22、. whatWhat he said makes me happy.That a new teacher will come is true .總結(jié)：that：無(wú)意義，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分, 且在賓語(yǔ)從句中有時(shí)可被省略。 what：有意義，理解為“什么；所的東西/事情/話”。 在從句中作主語(yǔ)、 、表語(yǔ)、 。小練兵：用that 或what 填空1._ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3. The result is _ we won the game.4. This is _ we want to know.5.

23、Is _ he told us true ?6. We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.9. _ matters is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.10. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just _ worries th

24、e public.11. You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do.12. _surprised us was _the little boy can speak very fluent English. (二) that vs. whether小練兵：用that或whether填空1. _she will come is certain.2. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.3. - What about seeing a film ? - The question is _

25、well have enough time.4. I often wonder _ animals have the same sense as humans.總結(jié)：that: 無(wú)疑問(wèn)之意，很確定。 whether: 有疑問(wèn)之意，不確定，沒(méi)把握。考點(diǎn)二：If 與whether的區(qū)別1.引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句只用whether.2.介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句只用whether.3.to do 前用 whether 4.whether or not 連在一起時(shí)不用if，分開(kāi)時(shí)可用whether或if.小練兵：用if或whether填空1. I asked her _ she had a bike

26、.2. we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.6. The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont

27、 know _ to go.9._ you are not free tomorrow , Ill go without you.考點(diǎn)三：it 作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)用it或that填空： 1. Many people consider _ necessary that we should protect our environment as much as possible.2. I would appreciate _ if you can write to me as soon as possible.3. _ is likely that he has left .考點(diǎn)四：虛擬語(yǔ)氣問(wèn)題虛

28、擬語(yǔ)氣可以用在：1.主語(yǔ)從句 2.賓語(yǔ)從句 3.表語(yǔ)從句 4.同位語(yǔ)從句虛擬語(yǔ)氣一般和表堅(jiān)持，命令，建議，要求的詞有關(guān)聯(lián).注意：表堅(jiān)持，命令，建議，要求的詞（一）個(gè)堅(jiān)持 ：insist （二）個(gè)命令 ：order , command （三）個(gè)建議 ：suggest( suggestion ), advise( advice ), recommend( recommendation ) （四）個(gè)要求：require(requirement ), request, demand, desire1. 在主語(yǔ)從句中: 1）It is +形容詞(strange/ surprising ，natural/

29、important/ necessary/)+ that從句( should do) It is strange /surprising that he_( leave) without saying goodbye.It is necessary/important that we _( master ) a foreign language. 2）It is+過(guò)去分詞(insisted /ordered/suggested, advised, recommended / required, requested, demanded, desired )+that從句( should do)e

30、.g. Its suggested that the family plan _(carry out)firmly. 2. 在賓語(yǔ)從句中insist /order / suggest, advise, recommend /require, request, demand, desire+that從句(should do)e.g. Johnson suggested the problem worth paying attention _(discuss) at the meeting. 3. 在表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句: order, advice, suggestion, recommenda

31、tion, demand, request, requirement, desire+ that從句 should do1) It is necessary that a college student _(master)at least a foreign language. 2) The teacher demanded that the work _ (finish)before 4 oclock. (二) 特殊句型: A is to B what C is to D.：A 對(duì)于B來(lái)說(shuō)正如C對(duì)于D 一樣。E.g. Eye is to the people what sun is to the world. 眼睛對(duì)于人類來(lái)說(shuō)就像太陽(yáng)對(duì)于世界一樣。九、達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)（一）用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空1. I wonder she will come to the party or not.2. It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days.3. This is _ she was born. 4. The question is _ we cant go there today.5. The question is _ it is worth doing.6. The reason he has ma