（推薦）初二下重點知識點

1、初二下重點知識點1. 感嘆句1） what +an/a + adj.+ 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+ 主語+ 謂語2） What+ adj. +可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+ 主語+ 謂語3） how +adj./ adv. +主語+謂語how beautiful your skirt is!What a lovely girl Lucy is!What clever students you are!What bad weather it is!2. All both none neither either3. Be able to can1). 表“能力”時，可互換 The boys are able to

2、 /can climb the wall very quickly2）表“允許”時，只能用can We cant break the traffic rules.4） can 有現(xiàn)在時和過去時， be able to 有現(xiàn)在時，過去時，將來時 if you study hard , you will be able to study in a very good college in the future4. lonely alone 1) lonely 孤獨的，寂寞的 ，adj. 在句中做表語、定語、側(cè)重人的心理和感情 2）alone adj. adv. 句中做表語和狀語，說明客觀存在 Sh

3、e left shanghai alone. Toms parents go out, so he is alone at home. The old mans wife passed away several years ago, now he lives alone and feels very lonely.5 noise voice sound Noise: 令人不愉快的聲音，說話聲或嘈雜聲 Voice: 人說話或唱歌的聲音 Sound: 所能聽到的任何聲音6. what for側(cè)重提問目的 why側(cè)重提問原因 What did he come here for? he come he

4、re for his bike. why didnt he come here yesterday? because he was ill.7. agree with 同意某人的意見、主意或所說事情，with 后接表示人的名詞或代詞，也可接意見、看法。 Agree on/about 表示兩人以上取得一致意見 Agree to do sth. 約定/同意做某事，We agree to meet at Sunday morning.We all agree on this plan.I dont agree with you.8. ed:感到。的，主語是人 -ing：令人。的，主語是物9. nee

5、d 1） 實義動詞，有人稱時態(tài)的變化， 疑問否定需助動詞do does did He needs our help.1 / 8 2) 情態(tài)動詞，疑問句和否定句中用到。沒有數(shù)和人稱的變化，need+動詞原形, 否定形式：neednt/ need not He need not take the exam.10. sure 1) be sure+ that 2) be sure of+ n. 對。有把握 I am sure of a full mark at this final examination. 3) be sure to do sth.11. accept 收到且愿意接受，表示一種意愿

6、 Receive 收到別人送的東西，但不一定接受，表示一個動作 At teachers day, Mr. Lee always receives many presents. Tom asked Mary to marry him, and Mary accepted it.12. miss 1) v. 錯過，失去 2) v. 思念，惦記 3) v. 未擊中，未領會 he misses my meaning. 4) 對未婚女子的稱呼，用于姓之前，大寫Miss13. sometimes 有時， 表頻率 Some times 幾次 Sometime 將來或過去的 某時 Someday some d

7、ay 將來某一天 I am sure that we will meet with each other someday in the future.14. find 找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)，強調(diào)找的結果 Find out 找出，發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明， 通過查詢、打聽、研究 后“搞清楚，弄明白”，強調(diào)困難曲折的過程。 Look for 尋找，有目的的照，強調(diào)尋找這個動作 I am looking for my lost key. Since there is not enough information, we may never find out what really happened then. Guess

8、what! Yesterday I found my shirt under my bed!15. hope 1）hope +that 引導賓語從句 2) hope to do sth. Hope 后面有賓語時，不能用hope sb. to do ,而應該用從句 3) n. “希望，期望” He has no hope of winning.16. while 引導時間狀語從句 當一個動作正在進行時，另一個動作也同時發(fā)生，有對比的感覺。一般主從句都用進行時。 While teacher is speaking, many students are doing something others.

9、 If 引導條件狀語從句，同時間狀語一樣，主句一般將來時，從句一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。 Once you see her ,you will never forget her. If I have a chance to Beijing, I will go to the summer palace first.17. will/would you+ 請求或要求 wont you 加強邀請語氣Would 比 will 更有禮貌，委婉請求別人做某事也常用can/could, could更禮貌。 肯定回答用 can/may18. shall 和will 都用于一般將來時，shall只用于第一人稱 Sha

10、ll we/I 提問，表示征求對方意見，“。好嗎？ Shall I hand in my homework next week?19. through prep. “通過，經(jīng)過”， 和動詞連用。表示從物體內(nèi)部穿過 Across 表示從物體表面穿過Go through the forest/room /cityGo across the road/playground20. wonder 1). n. 驚奇，驚嘆，奇觀，奇跡 2). V. “對。感到疑惑，想知道”21.by 不遲于，在。之前 By the year of 2012, we will finish this task.22. dy

11、ing 垂死的 fine 罰金 change 零錢23. win 在比賽、戰(zhàn)爭中“戰(zhàn)勝，贏得“ Beat 比賽或戰(zhàn)斗中，“打敗對手“，賓語是一個人或一個集體名詞。 “擊打” Beat at the door24. should 1)勸告 2)推測，可能性 “可能，該” ，與 could,would 用法同 3)疑問句，表驚訝，難以相信，相同用法有could 4)謙虛、委婉的提出建議、請求 相同用法could would You should spend more time studying rather than playing computer games. Tom should be 12

12、 years old. Why should you refuse such a good job? I should advice you to wear more clothes.25. enough 1) 修飾名詞 enough +n. enough money 2) 修飾adj. adv. Easy enough fast enough (for sb. to do sth.) 3) 做代詞，“足夠，充足” ，可代詞 u. c.26. will you like+ 動詞原形 Would you like +to do27. what 引導的的句子充當句子成分時，用陳訴語序28. 過去分

13、詞形式，用作定語和表語 cooked, lost , broken, closed29. then 1). Prep. 然后，其次 firstthen. 2) adv. 當時=at that time. I am sorry to cheat you, I was poor then, 3) n. “那時” by then, from then on , since then30. over 在。上， 垂直分離的上面 On 接觸與表面的位置， There is a cup of water on the table. There is a bridge over the river.31. w

14、ould you mind.? “同意”no, not at all/ of course not. “反對” yes, youd better not32. too many too much much too 33. 倒裝句 here/there/now/ then+ come/go/be(一般現(xiàn)在時形式)+n Here comes the car here is the teacher Girls go first, then goes the boys. There goes the bell34. 對型號提問 what size?S M L XL35. dress up 化妝 dre

15、ss sb.up 為某人打扮Get dressed 穿衣服 wear 穿著，表穿的狀態(tài) put on 穿上，表穿的動作。36. nearly 和 almost ?？苫Q。 1) 具體數(shù)字前，用nearly nearly twenty meters high 2）nearly 可用not 修飾，almost不可。 表示“遠非，遠不及” Our left money is not nearly enough to live for a week. 3) almost “差一點。就”=very nearly. Almost +no/none/nothing37. keep+賓語+賓補（adj. /v

16、.-ing/prep） Keep the door open Keep him waiting in the snow for 2 hours Keep us in the house.38. clothes 是一個沒有單數(shù)形式的復數(shù)名詞, 其前不可加不定冠詞、數(shù)詞，但可用 some, these, those, many, few 等詞修飾。含義比較具體,上衣、褲子、內(nèi)衣等。 Cloth 表示“布”、“衣料”，是不可數(shù)名詞 clear the window with a soft cloth Clothing clothing 是不可數(shù)名詞, 服裝的總稱，包括衣服、帽子、鞋襪，沒有復數(shù)形式含

17、義則比較抽象 Dress c.一件連衣裙 u.某種特殊衣服，社交場合穿的衣服 I changed my clothes. Our clothing protects us against the cold An article of clothing This store only sell womens clothing. A red dress evening dress39. on sb. 穿在某人身上 looks very nice on her In sb. 穿著某件衣服 in black40. another “又一，再一“1) another+ 單數(shù)名詞2）another+ 數(shù)次

18、+ 復數(shù)名詞= 數(shù)詞+more +復數(shù)名詞 Another cup of tea Another three apples= 3 more apples41. except 除。之外，側(cè)重排除在外，一般不放在句中 open everyday except Sunday Except for 把某一點除外，除去的和提到的并非同一事物，可防御句首 Composition is perfect except for some spelling mistakes Besides 除。之外，還有，除外的人或物也計入，=as well as, in addition to There are three

19、other boys in our class besides Tom.42. 倒裝句 將謂語的一部分或全部置于主語之前的語序 1)完全倒裝A. there be 結構。 可用exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand 代替be。43. （1）except表示“除去，不包括”，強調(diào)所排除的“不包括在內(nèi)”，一般表示同類之間的關系，常同nothing, all, none, nobody, any等不定代詞以及every連用。except 經(jīng)常接名詞或代詞，但也可接副詞，介詞短語，例如： The office is open every day e

20、xcept Sundays. 除了星期日這家公司每天都營業(yè)。 You can have any of the cakes except this one. 除了這塊蛋糕，你哪塊都能吃。 She saw nothing except snow. 除了雪她什么也沒看見。（nothing except = nothing but = only）（3）except for也表示“除以外”，指對某種基本情況進行具體的細節(jié)方面的修正。它同except的區(qū)別是：except for后接的詞同句子中的整體詞（主語）不是同類的，指從整體中除去一個細節(jié)，一個方面；而except后接的詞同整體詞（主語）一般是同類，

21、指在同類的整體中除去一個部分。例如: I can answer all the questions except for the last one. 除了最后一題外，所有題目我都可以解答。 Your writing is good except for a few grammar mistakes. 除了幾處語法錯誤外，你的作文寫得很好。beside 意指“在.旁邊”, 如: beside the river在河邊, 而 besides 則指“除.以外, 還有.”, 如: Besides these honors he received a sum of money.除了榮譽以外, 他還得了一

22、筆錢。 44. 1.until My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me until the bus arrived 2. not.until.是固定句型，要求not后面的動詞為瞬間性動詞，意思是“直到.才.；不到.不.”。 We dont understand joy until we face sorrow.如果所表示動作尚未發(fā)生，則主句一般用一般將來時，而從句使用一般現(xiàn)在時。I wont go home until I finish my homework.如果所表示的在已經(jīng)發(fā)生，則主句和從句都是用一般過去時。I di

23、dnt change my job until I found a better one.3. 用before引導時間狀語從句的話，則和not.until.有如下區(qū)別：1）一則主句動詞不限于瞬間性動詞，用延續(xù)性動詞也是可以的。2）在主從句時態(tài)上，要求如下：如果所表示動作尚未發(fā)生，則主句一般用一般將來時，而從句使用一般現(xiàn)在時。I wont forgive Tom before he apoligise to me.如果所表示的在已經(jīng)發(fā)生，則主句一般用過去完成時，而從句用一般過去時。因為主句發(fā)生在過去的另一個動作（從句動詞所表示的動作）之前，為“過去的過去”，所以主句最好用過去完成時。實際上，只要

24、我們把握住兩者使用時本身的含義及主句動詞是終止性（非延續(xù)性動詞）的，還是延續(xù)性的，肯定式，還是否定式兩大點，就能容易地解決這類問題?，F(xiàn)詳細闡明如下： 一、在下列情況下，兩者可互換用，但含義略有不同。before表示“在之前”的意思，強調(diào)時間先后關系；而until表示“直到才”的意思，主句是肯定句則表示主句動作的終止時間；從句是否定句則強調(diào)主句動作的起始時間。 1.主句為否定式終止性謂語動詞。常見的動詞open, start, leave, arrive, finish,stop等。例如： (1)The noise of the street didnt stop until/before it

25、 was midnight. (2)The children wont come back until/before it is dark. (3)I didnt leave the lovely boy until/before his mother came home. 2.主句為肯定式、延續(xù)性謂語詞，這類動詞用stand, stay, talk, be, wait等。例如： (1)He lived with his parents until/before he graduated from school. (2)I will wait until/before he comes to

26、my help. (3)I shall stay heer until/before you come back. 二、在下列情況下，用before不用until。 1.主句這肯定式、終止性謂語動詞，只用before。例： (1)He fell asleep before I could take off his clothes. (2)We arrived there before it atarted to rain. (3)The holiday came to the end befor I knew it. (4)He almost knocked me down before he

27、 saw me. 2.主句謂語動詞強調(diào)動詞的遲緩性，只用before，常伴有時間段狀語或時間段暗示。例： (1)It was quite some time before he found the elephant at all. (2)We had walked a long way before we found some water. (3)We had sailed for two days before we saw the land. (4)The fire lasted about four hours before the firefighters could countrol it. (5)It was midnight before my brother came home. (6)It was three months before they met again.