虛擬語(yǔ)氣(2)grammar課件

1、 虛擬語(yǔ)氣假設(shè)條件句型注意點(diǎn)：虛擬語(yǔ)氣假設(shè)條件句型注意點(diǎn)：1.假設(shè)條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間與主句假設(shè)條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不一致，叫做錯(cuò)綜條件所假設(shè)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不一致，叫做錯(cuò)綜條件虛擬語(yǔ)氣。主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要依照虛擬語(yǔ)氣。主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要依照假設(shè)的時(shí)間而頂。假設(shè)的時(shí)間而頂。If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.2.

2、假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝。假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝。 條件從句中有條件從句中有should， were， had三個(gè)三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞可以把可以把if省略，并將省略，并將這三個(gè)詞提至句首。這三個(gè)詞提至句首。If I were you, I would give it up.Were I you, I would give it up.If it were not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.Were it not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficult

3、ies.If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.If there should be a flood, what should we do?Should there be a flood, what should we do?2.use otherwise, or and phrases beginning with with, without and but for to replace an if-clau

4、se in implied conditionals Without air , there would be no living things. But for your help , I couldnt have done it. I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them. (If I hadnt been busy that day, I would have gone there with them.) I would have finished the work, but I was ill. (

5、If I hadnt been ill, I would have finished the work.)(If there were not air)(If it hadnt been for your help)3.In adverbial clauses introduced by even if, as if, as though and if only we can use unreal conditionals.即使生了病，他也去辦公室。 Even if he had been ill, he would have gone to his office. 他那樣對(duì)待我，好像我是陌生

6、人似的。 He treated me as if I were a stranger. 她談?wù)撃遣坑捌秃孟袼_實(shí)看過(guò)一樣。She talked about the film as if she had really seen it. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型：虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型：1.wish/if only 現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：未來(lái)：did（were）had donewould /could do 1.I wish I were a bird.（現(xiàn)在）（現(xiàn)在）2.I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.3.I wish our parents wouldnt punish us

7、. I wish I could escape the punishment. If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again!要是我們的父母明年能和我們住在一起就好了。要是我們的父母明年能和我們住在一起就好了。要是我沒(méi)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車就好了！要是我沒(méi)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車就好了！If only our parents could live with us next year!If only I hadnt missed the train! 2. would rather 現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去

8、：未來(lái)：I would rather you told me now. I would rather you had gone, too.Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.diddidhad done3.Its (high) time +that should dodid你該走了。你該走了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you should go.4.表示要求，命令，建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。表示要求，命令，建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。1.賓語(yǔ)從句。常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞：賓語(yǔ)從句。常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞： 一個(gè)堅(jiān)持，兩個(gè)命一

9、個(gè)堅(jiān)持，兩個(gè)命令，四個(gè)建議，四個(gè)要求。即令，四個(gè)建議，四個(gè)要求。即1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose, recommend4. demand , require, request, desire 這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞氣用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞 使用使用should + 動(dòng)動(dòng)詞原形，或者將詞原形，或者將should省略。省略。我們建議我們建議Tom 去休息一下。去休息一下。他堅(jiān)決要求我到場(chǎng)。他堅(jiān)決要求我到場(chǎng)。國(guó)王命令囚犯明天要實(shí)施死刑。國(guó)王命令囚犯明天要實(shí)施

10、死刑。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ鳌e suggested that Tom have a rest.He insisted that I (should )be present.The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send them to work there.以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)也要使用虛主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。從

11、句中的動(dòng)詞形式一樣。擬語(yǔ)氣。從句中的動(dòng)詞形式一樣。 order, advice, suggestion, order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, proposal, demand, request, desiredesireIts suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory

12、should be closed down.注意：注意： 如如suggest, insist不表示不表示建議建議 或或堅(jiān)堅(jiān)持要某人做某事時(shí)持要某人做某事時(shí)，即它們用于其本意，即它們用于其本意暗示、表明暗示、表明、堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣陳述語(yǔ)氣。1.The guard at gate insisted that everybody _(obey)the rules.2.He insisted that she_(be)seriously ill and that _(send) to hospital at once.3.He suggested that we_(

13、have) a meeting at once.4.His pale face suggested that he_(be) ill.obeywasbe senthavewas5. Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important / essential+ that-Clause 從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即（擬，即（should）+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to come

14、to the party.Its necessary that we should study hard.1.(NMET 06)Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _ yesterday.A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened2. (05江蘇)-Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York? -I agree, but the problem is _he has refused to. A.

15、 will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what3. (05湖北)If I _plan to do anything I wanted to, Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. A. would B. could C. had to D. ought toI. Multiple choice: （1-12)1. We demanded that w

16、e _ of any change in the plan. A. informed B. would be informed C. be informed D. had been informed2. Its necessary that he _ a recognized qualification. A. has B.have C. had D. having3. Its high time we _ our attention to this problem. A. turned B. turn C. had turned D. would turn4. If only you _ h

17、im what I said! Everything would have been all right. A. didnt told B. hadnt told C. would not tell D. would have not told5. He must have had an accident, or he_ here then. A. would have been B. had been C. should have been D. could be6. Much labour would have been saved if the electronic computers_

18、 before. A. had invented B. were invented C. should have been invented D. had been invented7. _ cease advertising, prices would be significantly reduced. A. Were they to B. Could they C. If they D. Would they8. Five minutes earlier, and we _ the last bus. A. had caught B. should have caught C. could

19、 have caught D. caught9. You _ the clothes! We have a washerwoman to do that sort of thing. A. shouldnt have washed B. mustnt have washed C. can not have washed D. neednt have washed10. Jean doesnt want to work right away because she thinks that if she _ a job ,she probably wouldnt be able to see he

20、r friends very often. A. has to get B. were to get C. had got D. could have got12. It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios _ after 11 oclock at night. A. were not played B. not to play C. not be played D. did not play13. You dont have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you _

21、on business first. A. would go B. will go C. went D. have gone14. It is important that enough money _ to fund the project. A. be collected B. must be collected C. was collected D. can be collected15. If only the committee _ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible. A. approve B.

22、will approve C. can approve D. would approve15. If only the committee _ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible. A. approve B. will approve C. can approve D. would approve17. You _ her in her office last Friday; shes been out of town for two weeks. A. neednt have seen B. must ha

23、ve seen C. might have seen D. cant have seen18. We didnt know his telephone number, otherwise we _ him. A. would have telephoned B. must have telephoned C. would telephone D. had telephoned19. It is recommended that the project _ until all the preparations have been made. A. is not started B. will n

24、ot be started C. not be started D. is not to be started20. I wish I _ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class. A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept21. I _ her to the party but I didnt know her well. A. ought have invited B. would have invited C. should in

25、vite D. may have invited22. You _ to town to see the film last week. It will be on TV tomorrow. A. neednt go B. should not go C. had better not go D. neednt have gone21. I _ her to the party but I didnt know her well. A. ought have invited B. would have invited C. should invite D. may have invited22

26、. You _ to town to see the film last week. It will be on TV tomorrow. A. neednt go B. should not go C. had better not go D. neednt have gone23.- Would you have called her up had it been possible? -Yes, but I _ busy doing my homework. A. Was B. were C. had been D. would be24. It was essential that the application forms _back before the deadline A. must be sent B. would be sent C. be sent D. were sent25. It is impo