高中英語定語從句的復習課件新人教版選修7

1、GrammarGrammarGrammar修飾名詞和代詞的成分修飾名詞和代詞的成分定語定語:a beautiful flowera tall boybeautifultall定語從句：定語從句：修飾名詞和代詞的從句修飾名詞和代詞的從句This is the best film that I have seen.定語從句the best film 先行詞that關系詞This is the best film that I have seen.關系詞在從句中擔當一個成分關系詞的作用 1） 2） 3）引導定語從句代替先行詞Beijing is the city that / which has g

2、ot the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games. Beijing the city get the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.Revision1 the usage of the relative pronoun 關系關系代詞代詞指代在定語從句中所充當的成分人物句子主語賓語定語whowhomwhichthatwhose the usage of the relative adverb關系副詞指代所充當的句子成分whenwherewhytimeplacereasonadverbialadverbialad

3、verbial起限定作用。起限定作用。若省略，原句若省略，原句意義不完整。意義不完整。起補充說明作起補充說明作用。若省略，用。若省略，原句意義不受原句意義不受影響。影響。修飾修飾先行先行詞詞修飾先修飾先行詞行詞 / 整個句整個句子子無逗無逗號隔號隔開開有逗有逗號與號與主句主句隔開隔開有有that 無無that Revision 2 限制性定語從句與非限制限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別性定語從句的區(qū)別 The book (that /which) I bought yesterday is Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix. The book ,

4、which I bought yesterday, is Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix. ，我昨天買的那本書是 哈里.波特與鳳凰令1.指物時只用指物時只用that 或或which 的情況的情況2.介詞介詞+關系代詞關系代詞3.Whose 用法及轉換形式用法及轉換形式4.as 與與which的區(qū)別的區(qū)別5.指人時指人時that 與與who的區(qū)別的區(qū)別6.如何判斷用關系副詞還是關系代詞如何判斷用關系副詞還是關系代詞7.定語從句中的主謂一致問題定語從句中的主謂一致問題1. This is all _ I know about the matter. A.

5、 that B. what C. who D. whether2. Is there anything else _ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what3. The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. itthat 與與which 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別先行詞為先行詞為all, little, much, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定等不定代詞時，關系代詞用代詞時，關系代詞用that4

6、. He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it D. whom5. There is no dictionary _ you can find everything in.A. that B. which C. where D. in that6. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it7. Which was the hotel _

7、 was recommended to you? A. that B. which C. where D. it先行詞為先行詞為人和物的人和物的組合組合先行詞被先行詞被all, little, much, every, no, 等等修飾時修飾時先行詞被先行詞被序數詞序數詞或或最高級最高級修飾先行詞前有修飾先行詞前有序數詞序數詞(the first),形容詞最高級形容詞最高級(the best), the last, the very, the only 等時。等時。若主句中有疑問代詞若主句中有疑問代詞 who 或或者者 which，為了避免重復，為了避免重復, 關關系代詞不要再用系代詞不要再用

8、 who, which，而用而用 that。 1. 先行詞為先行詞為all, little, much, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代詞等不定代詞2.先行詞被先行詞被all, little, much, every, no, 等修飾時。等修飾時。3.先行詞被序數詞或最高級修飾先行詞前有序數詞先行詞被序數詞或最高級修飾先行詞前有序數詞(the first),形容詞最高級形容詞最高級(the best), the last, the very, the only 等時。等時。4. 先行詞為人和物的組合先行詞為人和物的組合5.若主句中有疑問

9、代詞若主句中有疑問代詞 who 或者或者 which，為了避免重復，為了避免重復, 關系代詞不要再用關系代詞不要再用 who, which，而用，而用 that。只用只用that的情況的情況:that 與與which 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 1. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office. A.which B that C this D.it只用只用which的情況的情況:1,逗號后面逗號后面 2,介詞后面介詞后面2. The day _ he was born was Aug .20 ,1952.A.on whic

10、h B that C which D.this填上合適的關系詞并分析原因填上合適的關系詞并分析原因：1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he told us was quite simple.that/ which/不填不填that/in which/不填不填缺狀語缺狀語缺賓語缺賓語考點考點2：the way用做先行詞用做先行詞 考點二考點二:介詞介詞+關系代詞關系代詞提醒提醒: 介詞關系代詞引導的定語從句介詞關系代詞引導的定語從句, 關鍵關鍵 是判斷介詞的

11、選擇是判斷介詞的選擇.方法一方法一:根據從句中根據從句中動詞動詞與與先行詞先行詞習慣搭配習慣搭配方法二方法二:根據從句中動詞與先行詞的根據從句中動詞與先行詞的邏輯關系邏輯關系 注意：注意：關系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓關系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，從句常常由語時，從句常常由“介詞介詞+關系代詞關系代詞”引引出。此時關系代詞只能用出。此時關系代詞只能用which 或或 whom; 不可用不可用that 或或who 代替代替The man is from Beijing University .I talked about him at the meeting.The man (who/whom

12、/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.Join them into one sentence.=The man about I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University. 關系代詞緊跟在介詞后面時，不能用關系代詞緊跟在介詞后面時，不能用that，也，也不能省略，常用不能省略，常用which或或whom。該介詞通常可。該介詞通?？梢苑旁陉P系代詞之前，也可放在從句之尾。以放在關系代詞之前，也可放在從句之尾。whom但遇固定詞組時，介詞一般緊跟詞組但遇固定

13、詞組時，介詞一般緊跟詞組主體，不作前置主體，不作前置 Is this the book (which/that) you are looking for ? Filling blanks:1.The man _ you shook hands just now is our headmaster.2.The room _ my family live used to be a garage.with whomin which1. Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.2. The country is in the situation whe

14、re a war will break out at any time.我已經到了無法容忍他的地步了。我已經到了無法容忍他的地步了。國家正處在隨時有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭的局勢中。國家正處在隨時有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭的局勢中。 wherewhere引導的定語從句先行詞大多數情況下是表示地點引導的定語從句先行詞大多數情況下是表示地點的名詞，但也有的名詞，但也有特殊情況特殊情況。難點二：一些特殊詞之后的難點二：一些特殊詞之后的where解析：解析：如果定語從句分別修飾如果定語從句分別修飾point, point, situation,positionsituation,position ,part, conditi

15、on ,part, condition和和casecase等表等表示抽象意義的詞，常用示抽象意義的詞，常用where where 引導，意思是引導，意思是“到了某到了某種地步，在某種境況中種地步，在某種境況中” ” 。1.We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. （06山東）山東） A. which B. that C. where D. when2. -Do you have anything to say for yourself? -Yes, theres one point

16、_ we must insist on . （06江西）江西） A. why B. where C. how D. /高考題鏈接：高考題鏈接： 做題要靈活做題要靈活; ;要分析句子成分要分析句子成分, ,選擇恰當的選擇恰當的關系詞。關系詞。 wherethat1.This is the library_I borrowed the book.2.It is from this library_I borrowed the book. wherethat綜合考查一：定語從句與強調句綜合考查一：定語從句與強調句3. -Where did you last see Mr. Smith? -It wa

17、s in the hotel_ I lived. A. that B. which C. where D. when難點三難點三.綜合考查綜合考查 近年來，高考對定語從句和其它從句如：強調句近年來，高考對定語從句和其它從句如：強調句、名詞性從句和狀語從句等的綜合考查越來越多，這就要名詞性從句和狀語從句等的綜合考查越來越多，這就要求考生有扎實的基礎知識和較強的綜合分析能力。求考生有扎實的基礎知識和較強的綜合分析能力。友情提示友情提示考點三考點三 Whose 用法及轉換形式用法及轉換形式1. whose引導定語從句，其后應緊跟名詞，引導定語從句，其后應緊跟名詞，構成名詞短語。構成名詞短語。That

18、s the child whose father is a teacher.Do you know the woman whose husband is a doctor?This is a book whose cover is green.2.2.whose引導定語從句，其先行詞不僅可引導定語從句，其先行詞不僅可以指人，還可以指物。以指人，還可以指物。 3. whose的先行詞指物時的先行詞指物時, 可用可用of which代替代替, 但詞序不同，但詞序不同，即即whose+名詞名詞=the +n + of which =of which + the + n.He lives in the

19、 room whose window faces south.= He lives in the room, faces south.= He lives in the room, faces south.the window of which of which the window 考點四：考點四：as與與which引導的定語從句引導的定語從句 兩者均可引導非限制性定語從句，有時可兩者均可引導非限制性定語從句，有時可以互換，但下列情況多用以互換，但下列情況多用as。1. 當與當與such或或the same連用時，一般用連用時，一般用as。e.g. Such books as you tel

20、l me are interesting. I have the same plan as you.2. as 引導的從句可以放在句首引導的從句可以放在句首, as 本身有本身有“正正如如.正象正象”之意，與之連用的詞有之意，與之連用的詞有 know, see, expect, announce, point out 等。等。e.g. As we all know, the earth is round.1. _ was natural, he married Jenny. A. Which B. That C. This D. As2. Such signs _ we use in the

21、experiment _ Greek letters. A. as, are B. as, is C. that, are D. that, is3. She is very good at dance, _ everybody knows. A. that B. which C. who D. as4. _ has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules. A. Which B. What C. That D. As5. We do the same work _ they do. A. which B. as C. than D. l

22、ikeAnyone _breaks the law is punished.Those _ break the law are punished.He _ breaks the law is punished.在在anyone, those, he/she/I / they作先行詞作先行詞時時, 用用”who” 代替代替 “that”.考點五考點五: that 與與who的區(qū)別的區(qū)別whowhowho 考點六考點六:如何判斷用如何判斷用關系副詞關系副詞還是還是關系代詞關系代詞?選用定語從句的關系詞時，需注意兩點：選用定語從句的關系詞時，需注意兩點：1.先行詞先行詞2.關系詞在從句中充當的成分關

23、系詞在從句中充當的成分。做主語，賓語，定語用做主語，賓語，定語用做狀語用做狀語用關系代詞關系代詞關系副詞關系副詞 I will never forget the day _ I first went to school. I will never forget the day _ we spent in Beijing. The house _ we visited is being repaired now. The house _ Luxun once lived is being repaired now.when(which/that)(which/that)where 考點七考點七:

24、定語從句中主謂一致問題定語從句中主謂一致問題 定語從句中的動詞在人稱和數方面應該與它定語從句中的動詞在人稱和數方面應該與它的的先行詞先行詞保持一致。保持一致。1.I am not one who _afraid of difficulty2.Don t choose me, who _not fit for this job isam 3. This is one of the best books _. A. that have ever been written B. that has ever been written C. that has written D. that have w

25、ritten4. She is the only one of the girls _ well in class. A. which sings B. who sing C. who sings D. who to sing1. Is this factory _ we visited last week?DIs this the factory _ we visited last Week?A、where B、thatC、to which D、the oneB解題關鍵：如果是疑問句式，將其轉化為陳解題關鍵：如果是疑問句式，將其轉化為陳述句式。述句式。Exercises2. Let me t

26、hink of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.A、whereB、thatC、of whomD、whichA先行詞是先行詞是situation, case, scene時，時，一般用一般用where,最佳最佳選擇則是選擇則是in which3. She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.A、when B、whatC、which D、whyC She will never forget the day_ she stayed with him in Beijing.A5.

27、The college wont take anyone _ eyesight is weak.A、who B、whoseC、of whom D、whichB6.Those _ to take part in the game write down your names.A、who B、who wantC、who wants D、whatB8. I，_ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A、who is B、what is C、what am D、who am D9. Which of the two cows _ you k

28、eep produces more milk?A、which B、thatC、what D、asB10. His walking stick, _ he cant walk, was lost yesterday.A、thatB、with whichC、whichD、without whichD13. He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin. A. that B. which C. who D. what B14. This is the same pen _I lost yesterday. A. as B. that C.th

29、e one D. A&B D比較：比較：.the same pen as I lost. . the same pen that I lost.表示這支筆與我不見的那支很像，表示表示這支筆與我不見的那支很像，表示 同一類同一類則表示這支筆就是我不見的那支則表示這支筆就是我不見的那支 .表示同一個表示同一個15. The teacher gave us so difficult a problem _ we couldnt solve. The teacher gave us so difficult a problem _ we couldnt solve it. A. as B. that

30、C. which D. the onesABso .that 后面跟的是一個結果狀語從句后面跟的是一個結果狀語從句that不充當成分，有賓語用不充當成分，有賓語用that反之用反之用as16. _is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing. A. Which B. As C. What D. ThatB17. Ill tell you _ he told me last night. A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all D

31、18. How do you like the book? Its quite different from _ I read last month. A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what C19. There are three libraries in our school, _ were built five years ago.A、all of themB、either of themC、all of whichD、both of thatC20.I bought some books from the bookstore, five

32、_were English novels.A. of which B. whichC. that D. in whichA21.Here are players from Japan, some of _ are our old friends. Here are some players from Japan and some of _ are our old friends. A. which B. that C. whom D. them非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句并列句并列句CD解題思路解題思路:1. 通讀全句。首先判斷是什么句型。通讀全句。首先判斷是什么句型。2. 題干句如果是疑問句式，將其轉化為陳題干句如果是疑問句式，將其轉化為陳述句式。述句式。3. 分析從句的句子結構，在定語從句中，分析從句的句子結構，在定語從句中，缺什么，就補什么：缺主或賓語，用關缺什么，就補什么：缺主或賓語，用關系代詞；缺狀語，用關系副詞系代詞；缺狀語，用關系副詞4. 注意標點符號和題干中是否存在并列連注意標點符號和題干中是否存在并列連詞詞and, but等。等。Translation 1. 這就是那位幫助