(完整版)人教版八年級英語下冊Unit1知識點講解

1、初二英語下Unit 1 What s the matter?馬思特教育Unit 1重點知識講解Grammar一、情態(tài)動詞(Modal Verbs)情態(tài)動詞should意為“應該，應當，必須和后面的動詞原形一起構成謂語，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。用以表達職責和義務、提出勸告，而且表述的是自己的主觀看法。1. should的句式結構句式結構例句肯定句主語 +should+doThey should eat a balaced diet.他們應該平衡飲食。否定句主語 +should not +doThey shouldnt eat too much.他們不該吃得太多。一般疑問句-Should + 主語 +

2、do+？-yes,主語+should.-No,主語 +shouldnt.-Its too cold. Should I close the window?太冷了，我該關上窗戶嗎？-Yes, you ./No, you.是的，你應該。/不，你不應該。2.should的用法用法例句表示勸告、建議Youanswer the question in English.你應該用英語回答這個問題。表示推測Theybe at home now, I think.我認為，他們現(xiàn)在應該在家。表示驚訝、贊嘆、不滿等HowI know it?我怎么知道這間事情呢？注意：should在以why, who, how等疑問

3、詞開頭的問句中，意為“竟然，居然，怎么會，表示意外、驚喜或在說話人看來是不可思議的。其他表示建議的句型用法例句Shall we/I + do+ - ?Shall wefora walk?咱們去散步好嗎？What/How about+doing/sth ?What aboutswimming?去游泳怎么樣？Lets + do ？Lets and吧。them.咱們去看看他們Youd/Wed better (not) + do ？We我們最好再稍等一會兒。wait a little longer.Why dont you + do ?Why dont you為什么不出去散步呢？_ a walk ou

4、tside?Why not + do ?Why 為什么不出去散步呢？a walk outside?三、反身代詞表示反射或強調的代詞叫做反身代詞。反身代詞是由第一人稱、第二人稱形容詞性物主代詞或第三人稱代詞的賓格形式，詞尾加 self或selves組成。反身代詞可譯“本人”、“本身”，為加強語氣，也常翻譯為“親自、自己。不定人稱代詞 oneoneself.1、反身代詞的分類一一-數(shù)-_人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfHimself,herself,itself復數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves2、反身代詞的用法用法說明例句作動詞的賓語常用于

5、 enjoy,teach,hurt,buy, introduce,dress,help,look after, get dressed 作賓語He is teachingEnglish.他在自學英語。We enjoyed last night.昨天晚上我們玩得很開心。做介詞的賓語常用于 in,on,with,of,after,by 作賓語She lives by in thecountryside.她一個人生活在鄉(xiāng)下。做同位語強調作用、加強語氣Did you make the cake ?這蛋糕是你親自做的嘛？Mr. Black is a lawyer.布萊克先生本人就是一名律師。做表語強調“

6、自己”Just be .做你自己就好了。Mary hasnt quite beenrecently.瑪麗最近有些不對勁。單詞的用法Section A1. Whats the matter?怎么了 ？該句常用詢問某人患了何種疾病或遇到了什么麻煩，其后用 with引出對象。1) . Whats the matter with sb.?=whats wrong with sb.?=whats the trouble/problem with sb.?=whats ones trouble/problem?e.g. Whats the matter with Tom?=whats with Tom?=

7、Whats the with Tom?=Whats Toms ?2) . matter,名詞，“問題，事情”e.g. We have important (matter) to discuss.我們有些重要的問題要討論。3) .動詞，“要緊，關系重大”e.g. It dosent that you came late.2. I have a cold.我感冒了。1) .have/get/catch a cold 感冒，著涼The old man a cold yesterday JIB位老人昨天感冒了2) . have +a/an線病名稱意為得了.病”have a fever, have a

8、cough,have a headache-3. I have a sore back.我背痛。I have a sore +身體部位意為痛辨析 sore和 achesore形容詞，意為“疼痛的；酸痛的” 用于身體部位名詞前sore feetsore leg sore throatache名詞，構成復合詞headache; stomachache4. lie down and and rest.1) .lie的不同含義及詞性變化單詞詞性詞義現(xiàn)在分詞過去式過去分詞lie動詞躺；平躺lyinglayLainlie動詞說謊lyingliedLiedlie名詞謊言無無無Katy (lie) on th

9、e bed and read the letter last night.凱蒂昨晚躺在床上看書。He (lie) to me about the result.對于結果他對我說了 謊。2) . rest動詞，“休息，放松”May him rest in peace.have/take a rest 休息, 放松 =rest5. You need to take breaks away from the computer.take breaks = take/have a break 休息We are a break under the tree我們正在樹下休息。6. Yeah, I think

10、 I sat in the same way for too long without moving.是的,我想我以同樣的姿勢一動不動地坐 太久了。1) . In the same way:以同樣的方式，以相同的方式She worked out the math problem in the same way.2) .without為介詞，意為“無，沒有，不You cant buy things money!你沒有錢就買不了東西。He left without anything.他什么都沒有說就離開了。7. - When the driver saw an old man lying on t

11、he side og the road.這時，司機看到路邊躺著一位老人。see/watch/notice/hear sb.doing sth.強調看到/聽到的動作的正在進行see/watch/notice/hear sb.do sth.強調看到/聽到的動作的完整性e.g. I often him in the garden last month.上個月，我總是看到他在花園里干活。(強調全過程)I him in the garden when I passed by yersterday.昨天我看見他正在花園里干活。(強調動作正在進行)8. He expected most or all the

12、 passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.1) .expect +名詞/代詞期待；預料I am a phone call from her.我正在等她的 電話。2) .expect to do sth.She expects to go there next week.她期望下周去那里。3) .expect sb. to do sth. He expected her to go with him.4) .expect +that 從句I expect that hell come back tomorrow.9. But to my s

13、urprise, they all agreed to go with him.1) . to one sJsurprise使驚訝的是,出乎 意料”my(surprise), he refused to cooperate with us.讓我驚訝的是，他拒絕與我們合作。2) . agree “同意”a. agree to do sth.同意做某事”b. agree with sb.c. agree on sth.就某事達成一致 ”e.g. My mother agreed(buy) me a new pen.I entirely agree you.We agree the question

14、.10. 辨析 thanks to /thanks forthanks to多虧，由于”，to是介詞，其后接名詞、代詞或 doingthanks for因而感謝”，for后接感謝的原因，常為名詞或doing形式，Thanks you, I am not lost.幸虧你我才沒有迷路。Thanks sending me such a nice gift.謝謝你寄給我這么好的一個禮物。11. get into trouble造成麻煩(或煩惱)；陷入困境trouble是不可數(shù)名詞。 be in trouble再麻煩和困境中e.g. Lisa trouble when she climed the m

15、ountain.Let us help the people who are.12. Did you fall down?fallfellfallenfall down意為“倒下”，強調的是“滑倒，接賓語，fall down from ,表示倒下”，不能直接跟賓語，加 從摔下”from 連fall off跌落”，強調的是“從某處跌落,摔下來”=fall down frome.g. The dog down dead.那條狗倒下去死了。The boy the tree and broke his legs.The girl the bike.Section B1. Someone felt si

16、ck.Sick;生病的，惡心的。ill也是生病的，也可表示品質惡劣的辨析sick和illsick既可以作定語，也可以用作表語。表語時“惡心的”ill既可以作定語，也可以用作表語。作定語時：表示“品質惡劣的”e.g. Everytime I get on a boat He is anstudent,I have to look after my,I feel.because he smokes and drinks. sister home at home today.2. Someone got hit on the head 有人頭部受到了 撞擊。1) .get hit為系表結構：get

17、hit +on/in +the+身體部位的名詞，表示某身體部位受到了撞擊e.g. The police officer on the shoulder.這位警官的肩膀受到了撞擊。2) . hit,打擊，擊中如果強調 集中某人的部位 可以用hit sb. on/in the +身體部位e.g. The bullet hit him on the back.子彈擊中了他的后背。3) .hit可以做名詞，“轟動一時的成功的人或事；風靡一時的作品” 。e.g. The song was a hit at once.3. have problems breathing1) . breathe, a.動詞

18、 呼吸 e.g. He was breathing hard when he finished the race.b.名詞，breath,沒有etake a deep breath 深呼吸；hold ones breath 屏住呼吸2) . have problems (in) doing sth.做某事有困難或麻煩 ” e.g. I have English. 我學習英語有困難。4. 辨析 be used to doing/ be used to do /used to dobe used to doing意為“習慣于” ,to是介詞+名詞/doingbe used to do意為“被用來做

19、” to為不定式符號+do原形used to do意為“過去常常” ，to為不定式符號+do原形e.g. I am to up early.我習慣早起A pen is to.鋼筆是用來寫字的。He to books for an hour every day.他過去常常每天讀一個小時的書。5. find + 賓語 +賓補1) . find 賓語 adj.We found him dishonest.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他不誠實。2) .find 賓語 doingWe found him others homework.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他在抄別人作業(yè)。3) .find賓語 副詞和介詞短語 I am so glad

20、to find you.我很高興發(fā)現(xiàn)你在家。I found the clothes style.我發(fā)現(xiàn)這些衣服過時了。6.辨析run out/run out of 用盡，耗盡run out動詞+副詞”結構。相當于不及物動詞，后面不接賓語，主語通常是“事物” 時間，金錢等run out of“動詞+副詞+介詞”結構。相當于及物動詞，后面可以接賓語，主語通常是“人”O(jiān)ur money is out.我們的錢快用光了。We are running out money. 我們的錢快用光了7. 辨析 so that /so - thatso that“以便，為了 =in order that,引導目的狀

21、語從句，常與 can,could,may,might,will,would,should 等情態(tài)動詞或助動詞。so .that“如此-以至于，引導結果狀語從句，so為副詞，+adj/adv;that后跟從句?？梢耘cenough to do和too-to do進行同義句轉換。e.g. They got up early they could catch the early bus.Say slowy I can follow you.Tom ran fast I couldnt catch up with him.=Tom ran fast catch up with.8. so that 用法

22、。1) . so + adj./adv. +that2) .so + adj. +(+a/an)+n.+that3) . so + many/much/few/little +n.thate.g. The ceiling is so high that we couldnt reach.天花板如止匕高, 我們夠不著初二英語下Unit 1 What s the matter?馬思特教育His son is so tall a man that he almost reaches the ceiling.他兒子UB么高, 幾乎夠至U天花板了。Kate had so many falls that

23、she was black and blue all over.凱特跌倒了好多次，摔得身體青一款紫一塊。9. give up 放棄1) .動詞+副詞”代詞做賓語，代詞放中間。 give it/them/him/herup2) . give up doing it s good for you to give up . 戒煙對你有好處。10. I hurt myself playing soccer.playing soccer 現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語。表示動作同時發(fā)生。其邏輯主語為句子的主語。e.g. I stayed up late yesterday, for a test. 昨天我為測驗熬夜

24、學習到很晚。重點精準檢測、單項選擇。（）1. The pear is too big for me. Let me a part for you.A. cut downB. cut offC cut upD. cut in（）2. Grace bought a lot of new clothes and all her money.D. ran out ofA. run outB. run out ofC. ran of3. Your temperature is 39 C. Maybe youA. have a coldB. have a headache C. have a feverD

25、. have a sore back（）4. Did you catch your plane? Yes. We got there just .A. on the timeB. at timesC. in timeD. in the time（）5. Sue came to the small town five years ago and she here now.A. is used to liveB. is used to livingC. used to livingD. used to live6. To surprise, the five-year-old boy can si

26、ng so many English songs.A. myB. meC. I（）7. Emma likes dancing and she keeps on every day.A. dancingB. dancesC. dance（）8. What happened you yesterday? I hurt myself in P.E. class.A. toB.onC. at（）9. Jim is always so busy he has little time for his family.A. ifB.untilC. that（）10. Hi, John, ? My dog s

27、leg is hurt.A. How areyouB.What s the matterC. Who s that二、用括號內所給詞的適當形式填空。D. mineD. to danceD. withD. whenD. What s Lucy like1. Look! A dog is （ lie） by the side of the road.2. The little girl usually finishes her homework by （ her）anti doesn t need others help.3. When I came into the library, I saw

28、 him （ read）a book there.4. Mr. Green agreed （ help） me with my math.5. You arc late for school again. I think you should （ get）up early tomorrow.6. What does he mean （ do） ?初二英語下Unit 1 What s the matter?馬思特教育7. Did you make a ( decide)to study medicine?8. Mr. Li put so many (knife) into his bag.9.

29、My dream is to be a (climb) one day.10. The little dogs (die) made me very sad.三、根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示完成下列句中所缺的單詞。1. Susan took her temperature and found she had a high f.2. I have a t and I can t eat anything.3. You look so tired, so you need to have a r.4. Tony usually plays games with his classmates during

30、the b between two classes.5. I have a s throat so I can t say a word.6. We usually walk with our (W) and see with our eyes.7. I m feeling terrible. I have a (胃痛)8. The river is too deep, but Tom and Tony take (冒險)of swimming there.9. Alex got hurt in the car accident and lost much (血)10. Kate s moth

31、er works in a hospital. She s a (護士)四、根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列句子。1 .他下了火車，然后就回家了。He the train and then went home.2 .多虧了那位老人，我們找到了回家的路。the old man, we found our way home.3 .請記住當你生氣的時候，不要做決定。Please remember not to when you are angry.4 .為了能趕上火車，我六點鐘就出發(fā)了。I left at six I could catch the train.5 .為了成功你不得不去冒險。You have to in order catch to succeed.五、用方框中所給詞的適當形式填空(有兩個多余)。knife break decide advise trouble risk high hurt lie different seem coughJohn likes to do sport very much. His favorite sport is mountain climbing. Last spring, he made a big 1. to climb Mount Everest. He knew it w