高一英語人教版必修一Unit2Grammar課件

1、人教課標(biāo)人教課標(biāo)高一高一 必修必修 1 unit 21. he said: “ive left my pen in my room.” he told me that he had left his pen in his room.she said that he would be busy.2. she said: “he will be busy.” she asked tom if/whether he could help her.3. she said to tom, “can you help me?” 1. 陳述句的間接引語陳述句的間接引語連接詞用連接詞用that, 在在 口語中

2、可省略。引述動(dòng)詞用口語中可省略。引述動(dòng)詞用said, told,等。例如：等。例如： he said: “ive left my book in my room.” he told me that he had left his book in his room. 2. 疑問句的間接引語。一般疑問句后連接疑問句的間接引語。一般疑問句后連接 詞用詞用if或或whether，而引述選擇疑問句時(shí)，而引述選擇疑問句時(shí) 只能用只能用whether，引述動(dòng)詞用，引述動(dòng)詞用asked，沒，沒 有間接引語的可以加一個(gè)間接賓語有間接引語的可以加一個(gè)間接賓語me, him等。等。 例如：例如： she said

3、to tom, “can you help me?” she asked tom if /whether he could help her. 3. 特殊疑問句用原句中的疑問詞作連接特殊疑問句用原句中的疑問詞作連接詞，改為陳述語序。例如：詞，改為陳述語序。例如： the teacher asked me how i had repaired it. the teacher asked, “how did you repair it?” 4. 如何變時(shí)態(tài)：如何變時(shí)態(tài)： 直接引語直接引語 間接引語間接引語一般一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在

4、完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)不變不變?nèi)纾喝纾?) she said, “i have lost a pen.” she said she had lost a pen.2) she said, “we hope so.” she said they hoped so.3) she said, “he will go to see his friend.” she said he would go to see his friend.但要注意在以下幾種情況下。在直但要注意在以下幾

5、種情況下。在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)一般接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)一般不變化。不變化。(1) 直接引語是客觀真理。直接引語是客觀真理。“the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told me. the teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.(2) 直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)月、某日

6、作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí), 時(shí)態(tài)不變。時(shí)態(tài)不變。 xiao wang said. “i was born on april 2l, 1980.” xiao wang said he was born on april 21, 1980.(3) 直接引語中被引述的部分是反復(fù)出現(xiàn)直接引語中被引述的部分是反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的的, ,習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或說話時(shí)情況仍然存習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或說話時(shí)情況仍然存在的在的, ,變間接引語時(shí)變間接引語時(shí), ,時(shí)態(tài)保持不變。時(shí)態(tài)保持不變。 the boy said to us, “i usually get up at six every day.” the boy told us he

7、 usually gets up at six every day. (4) 若直接引語中含有若直接引語中含有when, since, while等等引導(dǎo)的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語從句引導(dǎo)的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語從句, 變間變間接引語時(shí)接引語時(shí), 從句時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：從句時(shí)態(tài)不變。如： she said, “i went there when i was six years old.” she said she had gone there when she was six years old. (5) 若直接引語的謂語中含有若直接引語的謂語中含有would, should, might, must, u

8、sed to, ought to, had better等動(dòng)詞時(shí)。如：等動(dòng)詞時(shí)。如： she said, “we should help each other.” she said we should help each other. 5. 如何變狀語：如何變狀語： 直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其內(nèi)在內(nèi)在規(guī)律規(guī)律，時(shí)間狀語由，時(shí)間狀語由“現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在”改為改為“原原來來”例例: now變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閠hen, yesterday變?yōu)樽優(yōu)?the day before, today變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閠hat day。 地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語, 尤其表示方向性的尤其表示方向性的, 或用指或

9、用指示代詞修飾的狀語示代詞修飾的狀語, 由由“此此”改為改為“彼彼”。 (例例: this 改為改為that), 如：如： he said, “these books are mine.” he said those books were his.指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語的變指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語的變化化: this that; these those ; now then; yesterday the day before; today that day; tomorrow the next day; next week (month, year) the next week (m

10、onth, year); ago before; here there 祈使句的間接引語祈使句的間接引語 采用采用“動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 + 賓語賓語 + 不定式不定式” 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu):told / asked / ordered sb. (not) to do sth.1. 如果祈使句是表示如果祈使句是表示請(qǐng)求請(qǐng)求，間接引語的，間接引語的動(dòng)詞常用動(dòng)詞常用ask，如果是表示，如果是表示命令命令，間接，間接引語的動(dòng)詞常用引語的動(dòng)詞常用tell, order, command等。等。2. 有些表示有些表示建議建議的祈使句，變成間的祈使句，變成間接引語時(shí)一般用接引語時(shí)一般用suggest doing / sugge

11、st that sb. (should) do . 或或advise sb. to do / advise that sb. (should) do .。如：。如： “l(fā)ets go camping this weekend,” tom said to us. tom suggested (us) _ that weekend. tom suggested that _ _ that weekend.going camping we (should) go camping直接引語直接引語 (變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)祈使句祈使句the officer said to him

12、, “dont leave your post.”不定式不定式the officer ordered him not to leave his post.直接引語直接引語 (變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)lets開頭的祈使句開頭的祈使句 i said to him, “l(fā)ets start at once.”that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句i suggested him that we (should) start at once.直接引語直接引語 (變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)感嘆句感嘆句he said: “how happy i am!”that/w

13、hat/how引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的賓語從句he said that he was very happy.he said how happy he was.例如例如: 1. the teacher said to the students, “dont waste your time.” the mother asked tom to get up early.2. the mother said, “tom, get up early, please.” the teacher told the students not to waste their time. 例例如：如： he said,

14、 “l(fā)ets go to the film.” he suggested going to the film.或或 he suggested that they should go to see the film.直接引語如果是以直接引語如果是以“l(fā)ets”開頭的祈開頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，通常用使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，通常用“suggest + 動(dòng)句詞（或從句）。動(dòng)句詞（或從句）?！?適當(dāng)改動(dòng)引用動(dòng)詞，可以使用適當(dāng)改動(dòng)引用動(dòng)詞，可以使用whatwhat和和howhow作連詞，語序不變；也可使用作連詞，語序不變；也可使用thatthat引導(dǎo)，將句子變成相應(yīng)的賓語從句。引導(dǎo)，將句子變成相應(yīng)的賓

15、語從句。感嘆句從直接引語變?yōu)殚g感嘆句從直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，要注意：接引語時(shí)，要注意： 如果直接引語中的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般如果直接引語中的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)，變成現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)，變成間接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)無需變化。（這一間接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)無需變化。（這一點(diǎn)同樣適用于陳述句和疑問句。）點(diǎn)同樣適用于陳述句和疑問句。）直接引語與間接引語之間的轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)律直接引語與間接引語之間的轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)律繁多，但同學(xué)們要記住：語言是活生繁多，但同學(xué)們要記?。赫Z言是活生生的，在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中要靈活掌握并生的，在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中要靈活掌握并使用這些規(guī)則。使用這些規(guī)則。 將下列直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語。將下列直接引

16、語變?yōu)殚g接引語。1. “speak english more often than just in class,” our english teacher said to us._ _._.our english teacher suggested that we (should) speak english more often than just in classour english teacher suggested speaking english more often than just in class2. “dont play with fire, little boy,” h

17、is grandfather said._ _.his grandfather told the little boy not to play with fire3. kate said, “l(fā)ets discuss the problem tomorrow.”_ _._ _.kate suggested discussing the problem the next daykate suggested that we (should) discuss the problem the next day4. “do be quiet, please!” miss helen said to th

18、e noisy boys._ _.miss helen demanded the noisy boys to be quiet5. my sister said, “youd better tidy your room by yourself.”_ _.my sister advised me to tidy my room by myself6. li ming said to me, “will you keep the secret for me?”_ _.li ming asked me to keep the secret for him7. my teacher always said, “what