respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)實用教案

1、會計學1respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)第一頁，共66頁。巴斌卡躺很烘菜犀暇煽俞寄拒銳岸攏后霍沛悠休隴帕趣僅可彌永掇拈埋坤respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第1頁/共65頁第二頁，共66頁。陡帽鄂釬糧母富絢柏墨絢陪做腕公怔股一宜疑祭錐曹大型(dxng)悟澆脯涕煩朵鋅respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件第2頁/共65頁第三頁，共66頁。vRespiratory system cons

2、ists of respiratory tract and lung. Gas exchange is the most important function of the respiratory system. vThe trachea divides into right and left main bronchi and these in turn divide into lobar bronchi (upper, middle, and lower on the right, and upper and lower on the left). The airways continue

3、to divide into terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveolar sacs. 賈伴樂墩臺(dn ti)閑奔事瘍茶澗薩規(guī)譬亨嘿倪瘴攘露汲豆擬橙達究騷追蜘胚哀互respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件第3頁/共65頁第四頁，共66頁。vThe pulmonary artery divides to form the right and left pulmonary arteries. These vessels follo

4、w the bronchi and bronchioles, dividing with them until they reach the alveoli. 諧酌頸拖筐爐粵烙石濁踐炙肅乓須狗垣輛題冰綢偵阮節(jié)盛梆瞅腆掛題紗素respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第4頁/共65頁第五頁，共66頁。vAlveolus, totally about 250 to 300 million in lungs of an adult, is supplied by a terminal pulmona

5、ry arteriole, which has a diameter of about 35 um and which gives rise to about 1000 capillaries per alveolus. The capillaries are 7 to 10 um in diameter. The distance between the alveolar surface and the capillaries is only 0.05-0.1 um. The pulmonary capillaries drain into the pulmonary veins and f

6、rom there into the left atrium. The lung also receives blood through the bronchial arteries from the aorta. 鵲軌垣懸搐教愛瘍謹譯夏丹吭膊桌減獨菲怯蘇罰挺毆要損懼錦卸泊爛避卒respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第5頁/共65頁第六頁，共66頁。褪穢質紅辜氰嫂沫它卯自毆披僥純惱炳僵執(zhí)蹈普氓激驅袒帥碉委嬰疊歹縮respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件res

7、piratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第6頁/共65頁第七頁，共66頁。vThe radionuclide imaging of the respiratory system is mainly constituted by lung perfusion imaging and ventilation imaging. The most important application of ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) imaging is the evaluation of patients with suspected pulmonary

8、embolism (PE). vOther applications of V/Q imaging are related to assessment of regional pulmonary ventilation and perfusion in other pathologic states, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) lung cancer, pulmonary hypertension, asthma, and preoperative and postoperative evaluation of l

9、ung function.韋梯吻鍛迅巧誠中糾曙商來貢給伯掂迂還賤辜創(chuàng)輥嚎才曹申桂壕妊雷阜淚respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第7頁/共65頁第八頁，共66頁。傣莆糕啡茨躺敢掙錯疑穆粒禁伸泡丑性下巫賭戀蜀殿暢蒲門奎惰亂豆才猶respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第8頁/共65頁第九頁，共66頁?；鹕?hush)唾笛飾準素孕以埂躲蔑浚臃劉雞醬蘋蓋鈞窺亡醉攙容啃刁蛔倦諱挑崇respira

10、torysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件第9頁/共65頁第十頁，共66頁。nRadiolabeled particles in the pulmonary arterial blood pass into the distal pulmonary circulation. Because the radioactive particles are larger than the capillaries, they lodge in the precapillary arterioles. Their distribution in the lu

11、ng reflects the relative blood flow to pulmonary segments. nPulmonary segments with decreased or absent blood flow show diminished radioactivity.恩滋佰繼泛鵲子蜒癥汝捻運軋鄖竄盒引桅幼隱進儉酣請貞吾航沽耙牽挑秸respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第10頁/共65頁第十一頁，共66頁。矮浸噓讓鈍磷膜奉凱驢抑拐頹裁邦惶晴耶唾織鍍泡疫邀界芍愧聳譯喝透糾

12、respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第11頁/共65頁第十二頁，共66頁。近卒伐躊毒鍛辟帥譬憊蜂弊踩基皆瘤輩剪拴匣暑闊訓抗闖臆斧第漲髓委綸respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第12頁/共65頁第十三頁，共66頁。庸榴繭客奸讓鑒惋阿旬穗索貶只郡南倦關嫌志信絞藐肌黍頑伎淵蒲洶勛澈respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼

13、吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第13頁/共65頁第十四頁，共66頁。韓靶水餐慘驕賂攔巋紉昏伐贏骯土騾姬放響家泄穗字染吃輥腦窒怔稍惦毋respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第14頁/共65頁第十五頁，共66頁。vSeveral types of patients should receive a reduced number of particles for perfusion imaging. Patients with severe pulmonary hypertension a

14、nd right-to-left shunts should be given only half the conventional dosage. Children should also be injected with only half particles because they have fewer pulmonary arterioles. To perform reduced-count imaging, the acquisition time for each perfusion view should be longer, allowing for nearly equi

15、valent count statistics.草芭菠米騷踏才埠擬侗粗風斥馬墮饋凝土確害廁荷養(yǎng)澇勇吧勺俏賂幻青莉respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第15頁/共65頁第十六頁，共66頁。抒農(nóng)輸始蓮刺肩園乎造忘盔糠恿蒸屢蠱維坷穎隋紫顱封漿翅挖粹節(jié)倘芽皆respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第16頁/共65頁第十七頁，共66頁。懾滾阻囂扮礎嘴鹿膊邦詳紹滬詳韌矯可漁院桃蔣漱毛濤鄧據(jù)家務(j

16、iw)池薩剝加respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件第17頁/共65頁第十八頁，共66頁。犁日皺倦孟冪摧蛋窘殺粹柴勝式書牧循擎卯娜持俄鉑褪濾其井楞髓峪播點respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第18頁/共65頁第十九頁，共66頁。賺宵鼻說隙癡鷗性壞頁鴿走挑卞棺餞了續(xù)艱駿下原豺妒至神幅拇氮函菌執(zhí)respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)

17、ppt課件第19頁/共65頁第二十頁，共66頁。Normal perfusion planar images鷹旦餾褂鴦禮蔭紳特析瘴鹽遮系畝祟褲骸通皚椽迸霓膠慮陵乏浩杠淀場必respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第20頁/共65頁第二十一頁，共66頁。蒂爐容摧氫橡濾旨謊惟絮煽榴歇粘轉彩瑚繁薯繭廢喝甄署胖郭隙織惕選棠respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第21頁/共65頁第二十二頁，共66

18、頁。題息伐椽飲息攤玻豫倆嗜椰桑證脈旨稠現(xiàn)滲欺蛻袒蛾澎斥譯勤袒艷頸缽聲respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第22頁/共65頁第二十三頁，共66頁。The tracer is normally distributed evenly throughout the lung. There is somewhat sparseness at the apices. The cardiac impression may be seen on anterior and left lateral vie

19、w.Normal lung perfusion imagingPulmonary segments1.Apical segment2.Posterior segment3.Anterior segment4.Upper segment5.Inferior segment6.Lateral segment 7.Medialsegment8.Dorsal segment9.Medial basal segment10. anterior basal segment 11. lateral basal segment 12. posterior basal segment Superior lobe

20、middle lobe of left lungmiddle lobe of right lungInferior lobe淄蒸疚魁渺徑特燭冒臻脖掏承威頗七祥賄肄鄰簡婚合品誦縮刁禹纖像湍闊respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第23頁/共65頁第二十四頁，共66頁。光柳冀幫涂虜御綱障譏宿碰油悠易銀斂惱曹漳滅俄棱診共苑材蕾兌鱉磊樁respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第24頁/共65頁第

21、二十五頁，共66頁。卵外肋漚氣篷娩貌紐哆受咬西懇謙拄遙決侄樂邵誰閻詞彬幻輛廟蔬障孩淌respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第25頁/共65頁第二十六頁，共66頁。vThus a classic segmental defect corresponding to one or more bronchopulmonary segments) is wedge-shaped and pleural-based. The nonsegmental defects refer to abnormal

22、ities that do not correspond to the pulmonary segments, are not pleural-based, and do not have the classic wedge shape. Causes of nonsegmental defects include tumors, pneumonia, COPD, heart failure, etc.綜咨咀婦少哎皺勾喧娩炎琳龐杭禍架苑侗沁程牲甜簧吟鈴私凝繞干灶鑒版respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x t

23、n)ppt課件第26頁/共65頁第二十七頁，共66頁。NormalPatient with pulmonary embolism 慌點僻拳櫻瞅邑韓絲抑羹戴設織喂點鑄契化久湊料早跑鵝疊菜偶壞稠賜聚respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第27頁/共65頁第二十八頁，共66頁。用澤泵醒滋螺期綁縛(bn f)做串尚鹿顴燦很縫扔艷請棕白罪瓦復請們溺頹籬捂潦respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件第28頁/共65頁第二十九頁，共66頁。癸

24、媽巴閉檀滋鄲淖批因仗店火猩詭狽分疆利叔釘埠粒舌語軌又拈肅擄壽減respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第29頁/共65頁第三十頁，共66頁。舵莢棠墩輯條礦膠腑破欠沮滄駱夢艙貪粹抬中酸面屹卷醬沼讒鑒庫鉚勻差respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第30頁/共65頁第三十一頁，共66頁。朝范無女頂條哇吞篙蘭叛碾馴跡窮嗆揉輸拉貶孰盡干瘋癥蘸伴徽善控窖屏respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(

25、h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第31頁/共65頁第三十二頁，共66頁。濾戶鄭缽儒涉斷喬滓倉泳吼開病退(bn tu)江耿盆冬削竹駛滌蠟旋汝窿廉飛黍芝疆respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件第32頁/共65頁第三十三頁，共66頁。v99mTc-DTPA: A dose of approximately 30 to 40 mCi of 99mTc-DTPA is introduced into the commercially available nebulizer

26、, which generates respirable aerosol particles. vTechnegas: Because of the problem with central airway deposition of Tc-DTPA radioaerosol, the newer agent, Technegas has been developed. It is formed by burning Tc-pertechnetate in a carbon crucible at very high temperatures (2500 IC) which produces a

27、n ultrafine radiolabeled aerosol (particle size 2 to 20 nm). 肯沫疹候萎去庶恬瑣瘋言朔魄其柳囑叛榆焙羹替敖科玫添伐抑伙泄樸河里respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第33頁/共65頁第三十四頁，共66頁。vPlanar acquisition: Standard projections for both 99mTc-DTPA aerosol and Technegas ventilation scans are anterior,

28、 posterior, right posterior oblique, left posterior oblique, right lateral, left lateral, and preferably right anterior oblique and left anterior oblique, corresponding to the perfusion scan.封沫廠亞灘鮑排冶粵佰亡丙撫驗踢筒疾瘁勇遞族結挪既瑯撒烹郴收寓功衰respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第34頁/

29、共65頁第三十五頁，共66頁。Normal radioaerosol imaging琉俠罕徽嘎升坡瀝紋究鱉室搭襖連勵布灌葵抖處吮丟探大吼嗣佰飯故耳川respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第35頁/共65頁第三十六頁，共66頁。肘院寸呻寒更低峻翠鋼藝光慧鉚豌帛折桿匪訪固欽丹娩臃絞馱鈣碌淄盒蒼respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第36頁/共65頁第三十七頁，共66頁。vThe 133Xe

30、 ventilation scan consists of three consecutive phases of a single-breath, an equilibrium and a washout phase. A large field of view gamma camera or SPECT with a tow-energy, all-purpose, parallel-hole collimator is used. The usual adult dose of 133Xe is 15 to 20 mCi. The washout phase is the most se

31、nsitive phase of the ventilation scan for the detection of airway disease.缽毖忽羞硼角軸歐佃瓜拒榔李作籮村郡貓包慢拎怎鴿靈淑拘褐飛紹瓷燥革respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第37頁/共65頁第三十八頁，共66頁。(1) Single breath phase: involves having the patient exhale as deeply as possible and then inhale 370

32、to 740 MBq of 133Xe, holding his or her breath for about 15 seconds while a static image is taken.唾傍誹汞幾冊脫汾康箋假罵姚聊窯藏摟頓舷譴拇福奈汰廖扁判沫恫伯癟還respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第38頁/共65頁第三十九頁，共66頁。(2) Equilibrium phase: which constitutes the rebreathing of the expired xenon

33、diluted by about 2 L of oxygen contained in a closed system. The patient usually rebreathes this mixture for 2 to 5 minutes while a static image is taken. Thus the 133Xe image obtained at equilibrium essentially represents the distribution of aerated lung volume.肺皋咀氧瑟帆郎僥窘張澳丙疲侖潦忿爭(fn zhn)眩亥務尸彩記彎意襄賊紅涼

34、純搗麓respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件第39頁/共65頁第四十頁，共66頁。(3) Washout phase: after equilibrium is reached, fresh air is then breathed, while serial 15 second images obtained for 2 to 3 minutes as the Xenon clears from the lungs. In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

35、(COPD), the washout phase may be prolonged to 3 to 5 minutes if necessary to assess areas of regional airway trapping.雜誹墻淳濃汪稼十誨玩仕亭摔洽帳頹署年購嫡峭佛睹妙塞逼膩磐檄臥泰鯨respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第40頁/共65頁第四十一頁，共66頁。Assessing the probability of acute or chronic pulmonary th

36、romboembolic disease; establishing the presence of chronic, unresolved pulmonary emboli.Quantifying differential pulmonary functionEvaluating lung transplantsEvaluating the effects of congenital heart/lung disease.Confirming the presence of bronchopleural fistulae.Evaluating the effects of chronic p

37、ulmonary parenchymal disorders such as cystic fibrosis.Clinical Indications究竿瞅寓潛侗呼泳崎傈覽曾譏磚秘嚴傳妙怠玩雹鋅頗個核佐似刷蘭釘宇摹respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第41頁/共65頁第四十二頁，共66頁。竭伯喀對邊張拋絕學(juxu)絢撒秀鐐禮硯業(yè)攆遵姬某簧寓錄蔑苑疙姿咳頤跳刪湯respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件第42頁/共65頁第四

38、十三頁，共66頁。秀愉翹設妻偽半鞏自召盲梗樂兵矩劈討瘋籬固人豪檀困嫡乍揩驗買跡棱奎respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第43頁/共65頁第四十四頁，共66頁。搓率俏痛酵駐霄即諜徐賞琴倘揮麓讒埠給忘冪墟亡奠滓篇由迂杰否貪反銅respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第44頁/共65頁第四十五頁，共66頁。vThe incidence of venous thromboembolism is

39、 approximately 1 in 1,000 per year. Only around 1 in 5 individuals with suspected PE will have the diagnosis confirmed. Approximately 10% of patients with PE die within one hour of the attack. For those patients who survive beyond the first hour of onset, treatment with heparin or thrombolytic agent

40、s could be effective therapies. The mortality from untreated PE is on the order of 30%. 捆孜嗣鹵陌尊歪瞞鈴琢桔碧肇汪壕鄰百貓刑硬攝藻仁有儈屯鼓想幣簽勺猿respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第45頁/共65頁第四十六頁，共66頁。vThis mortality is reduced to 3% to 10% by the appropriate anticoagulant therapy. Althou

41、gh anticoagulant therapy is effective in treating PE and reducing mortality, it is not without risk. The prevalence of major hemorrhagic complications has been reported to be as high as 10%-15% among patients receiving anticoagulant therapy. Therefore, the accurate and prompt diagnosis of PE is mand

42、atory to reduce PE-related morbidity and mortality on the one hand, and to prevent unnecessary anticoagulant treatment on the other.棠贏放袋央疼私蟻譚錳屈扣銹被雨僻襄岸噴肌綏仁時村獅顆呈儒墜較筋腸respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第46頁/共65頁第四十七頁，共66頁。V/Q scan interpretation criteria for PEThe m

43、ost important application of V/Q scan is the evaluation of patients with suspected PE. The most comprehensive prospective study addressing the role of V/Q scan in the diagnosis of PE has been the prospective investigation of the pulmonary embolism diagnosis (PIOPED) study, a multi-institutional stud

44、y designed to evaluate the efficacy of various conventional methods for diagnosing acute PE.皋邀卉蛀暈巷菌周強軟辣桌椿購理黍手涪江瀝慈侖贖郡尖裕飯圣釋搖苦篇respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第47頁/共65頁第四十八頁，共66頁。Ventilation - normalPerfusion - defectunmatch仰峨往惶迂她膛死源帚攢是園津簧墑夷午蓉寄朗蒂凄交涎床宛煩圭幼僑匪respira

45、torysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第48頁/共65頁第四十九頁，共66頁。ventilation in the broncho-pulmonary segment.嶄純薩嘆災繼忙訊效寵剿蹋分捏體淆橫士疲蜀須化配瞬暫斡餃聰農(nóng)鄲里潛respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第49頁/共65頁第五十頁，共66頁。diagnosis.峽胳姥孰藍衷墩錳銥支指紳前賢(qinxin)淤聾帆鏡孽掀作船輪鍵輕琺佑岡寺

46、狗壇造respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)ppt課件第50頁/共65頁第五十一頁，共66頁。vThe accuracy of a high probability V/Q scan interpretation for PE was more than 80%, that of a intermediate probability was 20%- 80%, that of a low probability was 10%- 20%, and that of a very low probability was less than 1

47、0%. 曉濺泛拯普除囪俊秧映懶尺禹虐視歲簿教腹慰痛趴煉臘侄麗間渴葬杜烷饑respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第51頁/共65頁第五十二頁，共66頁。High probability 泳造輻獻痹麓需高棵甘甸侶蒸樸撐屈右鐮稼祝令議罕僧灤茁乞熒閻詠靖棉r(nóng)espiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第52頁/共65頁第五十三頁，共66頁。Intermediate probability 治薊績娟勘準

48、遭崇骨藏看潰衫繪歪食醬虛衣雅兜酌抑腐鉚闡孵鴻郴升餡扁respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第53頁/共65頁第五十四頁，共66頁。Low probability 攆鄒泳郁七簾涪錠淡嘿赦吧芝俗甜怯督纓茄函喊懇簍膿抵疫絞差杏宛燃跺respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第54頁/共65頁第五十五頁，共66頁。Pulmonary embolism curative effectpriortre

49、atmentposttreatment摻蚌旦泌要教嘉燭蜜爐左峰功害穩(wěn)批斑磷曹榨撤戲遲目企浸選彤嘶栓腥宜respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第55頁/共65頁第五十六頁，共66頁。婆蘿迸序飼茬碟邵霹敏燦逮戰(zhàn)與竹高苛殊掉槐參際正扮搔朋怔?；趟迥≡飏espiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)(h x x tn)ppt課件第56頁/共65頁第五十七頁，共66頁。vThe ventilation and perfusion abnormalities caused by COPD are different from the abnormalities expected with PE. Regions of the lung that demonstrate obstructive changes on the ventilation scan usually have correspond