高一英語(yǔ)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)完成時(shí)中的暫轉(zhuǎn)和延續(xù)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種特例人教版知識(shí)精講

1、用心 愛(ài)心 專心高一英語(yǔ)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)、完成時(shí)中的暫轉(zhuǎn)和延續(xù)、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種特例高一英語(yǔ)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)、完成時(shí)中的暫轉(zhuǎn)和延續(xù)、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種特例人教版人教版【本講教育信息本講教育信息】一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)、完成時(shí)中的暫轉(zhuǎn)和延續(xù)、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種特例二. 教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)：掌握高中所需的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)（倒裝，完成時(shí)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)）（一）倒裝，注意倒裝句分為局部倒裝和全部倒裝兩種。1. 疑問(wèn)句。如：will you please give me a hand? are you a teacher? which one do you like better? where do you come from?2. so

2、, neither/nor 引起的倒裝。如：he can swim. so can i. he cant swim. neither/nor can i. he often goes to school late. so does she. he never eats meat. neither/nor does she. i was very angry, so was i. i wasnt doing my homework at that time. neither/nor was he.3. 一些表示地點(diǎn)的副詞或介詞詞組開(kāi)頭的時(shí)候，要用到倒裝。如：out rushed tom. her

3、e comes the bus. there goes the bell. there are some people in the room. the door opened and in rushed a stranger. under the tree sat a boy.注意：注意：在此種倒裝中，如果主語(yǔ)是代詞（如：he, she , it, they, we, you, i 等） ，那么此句就不倒裝。如：out he rushed. there he goes. here you are. here it is.4. 一些表示否定或頻率等意義的副詞開(kāi)頭的時(shí)候，要用到倒裝。這些副詞主要

4、有：not, never, hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, not until, ,hardly when, no soonerthan, little, by no means, in no way 等以及 often, always 等。 如：never did he think about others. hardly could he understand what the teacher said. seldom/scarcely/rarely did she go abroad.用心 愛(ài)心 專心 little does he know about

5、 computer. hardly had i realized when the train started. no sooner had i realized than the train started. not until i came home did he get up. often does he get to school late. always does she speak highly of her father. by no means/ in no way could he go away.5. 以 only 或 notuntil開(kāi)頭的句子，強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用到倒

6、裝。 如：only at that time did i know that i was wrong. only in his room can he have a rest. only in this way could he work out the problem. only this morning did he hear the bad news. not until i got home did he finish his homework. not until i called him did he get up.6. 引用話語(yǔ)時(shí)，說(shuō)話人在內(nèi)容之后，用倒裝。 如：“thank y

7、ou!” said jim. “i must study hard.” thought tom. “you must stop talking!” shouted the teacher.7. sothat和 not onlybut also中的倒裝，當(dāng) so 和 not only 提前的時(shí)候，這兩個(gè)詞所在的句子用倒裝。如：he got up so late that he could not get to school on time.可改為：so late did he get up that he could not get to school on time.she is so exi

8、ted that she cant help crying.可改為：so excited is she that she cant help crying.he not only gave him some money but also helped him with his crops.可改為：not only did he give him some money but also he helped him with his crops.（二）完成時(shí)1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的暫轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)動(dòng)詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)換：（1）leave, go, come, get to/arrive/ reach, stop

9、, join如：he has left home. he has been away from home for three days. he has gone to america. he has been in america for three days. we have got/arrived/reached here. we have been here for a year. the car has stopped here. the car has been here for an hour. he has joined the army. he has been in the

10、army for 3 months. he has been a member of the army/a soldier for 3 months. （2）begin/start, stop/finish/end,用心 愛(ài)心 專心如：the film has begun/started. the film has been on for an hour. the meeting has stopped/finished/ended. the meeting has been over for half an hour.（3）buy, borrow, get, 如：i have bought/

11、borrowed/got a basketball. i have kept/had the basketball for a month. how long has he kept/had the tv?（4）die, marry, get married, get/become/turn如：he has died. he has been dead since two years ago. he has married her. he has been married to her since last week. they have got married. they have been

12、 married for a week. the trees have turned green. the trees have been green for a month. he has become a doctor. he has been a doctor since he came here. it has got hot today. it has been hot for a month.（5）暫轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)詞的否定式可以當(dāng)作延續(xù)動(dòng)詞。如：we havent met each other for ten years. the boy hasnt got the book for a w

13、eek. the girl hasnt seen a film for a month. he hasnt returned the book for half a month. we havent stopped working since nine oclock this morning.（6）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一種表示“距已有時(shí)間”的句式：“it is/has been since ”如：it is/has been ten years since he left home. it is/has been three years since we met last time. it is/ha

14、s been a year since he died. it is/has been an hour since the film ended.（三）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1. do 做賓補(bǔ)：如：he made the workers work 20 hours a day. the workers were made to work 20 hours a day. i saw him leave the room yesterday. he was seen to leave the room yesterday. i heard him say that clearly. he was heard t

15、o say that clearly.2. 雙賓語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：如：we gave him some money.用心 愛(ài)心 專心 he was given some money. some money was given to him. he bought a computer for her. she was bought a computer. a computer was bought for her. he told us a story. we were told a story. a story was told to us. she sang the guests a song.

16、 the guests were sung a song. a song was sung to the guests.3. 賓語(yǔ)從句的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：如：he said that he would not leave until the next year. it was said that he would not leave until the next year. he was said not to leave until the next year. the teacher believed that she had finished her homework. it was belie

17、ved that she had finished her homework. she was believed to have finished her homework. we thought that they were cleaning the room. it was thought that they were cleaning the room. they were thought to be cleaning the room.【典型例題分析典型例題分析】例 1 _ she come to see me.a. often b. never c. always does d. o

18、nly（答案答案為 c，表示頻率或否定及 only 副詞提前用局部倒裝）例 2 _ reading stories, but also she could even write some.a. not she only enjoyed b. not only she enjoyed c. not only did she enjoy d. not she did only enjoy（答案答案為 c，not onlybut also提前，用倒裝）例 3 _ that she couldnt say a word. a. such sad she was b. so sad was she c.

19、 such sad she was d. so sadly she was（答案答案為 b，sothat句式中 so 提前，so 所在的句中用倒裝）例 4 here _ a letter and some apples _ you.a. are, to b. is, for c. are, for d. is, to（答案答案 b，here be 同 there be 句式一樣存在就近原則）例 5 look! _.a. here comes the bus b. here the bus comes c. the bus comes there d. here does the bus com

20、e（答案答案為 a，地點(diǎn)副詞提前用全部倒裝）例 6 on the table _ a book and two pens.a. there are b. there is c. are there d. is there（答案為 d，地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提前用倒裝）用心 愛(ài)心 專心例 7 in _ a tall man while i was reading a book in the library.a. did come b. come c. came d. comes（答案答案為 c，同上）例 8 at the end of the street _ a very tall building.a.

21、standing b. stands c. does stand d. stand（答案答案為 b，同上）例 9 _ he got home _ the good news.a. only when, he knew b. only after, he knew c. not until, did he know d. not until, he knew（答案答案為 c，notuntil及 only 提前的句式中，主句要用倒裝）例 10 hardly _ catch what the teacher said.a. he can b. he could c. can he d. could

22、he（答案答案為 d，否定副詞提前用倒裝，時(shí)態(tài)一致）例 11 little _ about him.a. we know b. we do know c. do we know d. know we（答案答案為 c，同上）例 12 he cant talk in a cinema, nor _.a. you can eat b. you cant eatc. can you eat d. eat you can（答案答案為 c，nor/neither 表示“也不”倒裝）例 13 no longer _ run.a. i can b. can i c. i d. do i（答案答案為 b，否定意

23、義的詞或詞組提前用倒裝）例 14 _ you _ him recently?a. did, see b. do, see c. have, seen d. have, saw（答案答案為 c，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志 recently）例 15 _ you _ your wallet yet?a. did, find b. do, find c. have, found d. have, find（答案答案為 c，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志 yet）例 16 the city _ many new buildings in the recent five years.a. is building b. built

24、c. has build d. has built（答案答案為 d，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志 in the recent/last/past few years）例 17 how many stamps _ you _ by now?a. did, collect b. do, collectc. have, collected d. have, collect（答案答案 c，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志 by）例 18 the boys father _ home for a month.a. has left b. has gone c. has got d. has been （答案答案為 d，for a mo

25、nth 是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的延續(xù)動(dòng)詞標(biāo)志）例 19 they _ beijing for half a year. they arrived here half a year ago. a. were in b. are in 用心 愛(ài)心 專心c. have been to d. have been in（答案答案為 d，for half a year 是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的延續(xù)動(dòng)詞標(biāo)志注意：注意：have been to 是“到過(guò)”的意思屬于暫轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)詞）例 20 the tv program _ for an hour already. you neednt turn on the tv now.a. ha

26、s ended b. has stopped c. has been over d. has been on（答案答案為 c，for an hour 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)延續(xù)動(dòng)詞的標(biāo)志）例 21 the meeting _ for an hour now.a. has been on b. was on c. has got ready d. has begun（答案答案為 a，for an hour 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)延續(xù)動(dòng)詞的標(biāo)志）例 22 he _ the party for thirty years.a. has joined b. joined c. has been d. has been a me

27、mber of（答案答案為 d，for thirty years 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)延續(xù)動(dòng)詞的標(biāo)志）例 23 how long _ you _ this book? you should return it to the library immediatelya. did, borrow b. did, keep c. have, borrowed d. have, kept（答案答案為 d，how long 提問(wèn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)延續(xù)動(dòng)詞的標(biāo)志）例 24 the man _ two years ago. and he _ for two years.a. died, has died b. died, ha

28、s been dead c. has died, has been dead d. has died, has died（答案答案為 b，for two years 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)延續(xù)動(dòng)詞的標(biāo)志）例 25 he _ a teacher for a year.a. has become b. has turned c. became d. has been（答案答案為 d，for a year 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)延續(xù)動(dòng)詞的標(biāo)志）例 26 i _ to america for a year.a. have been b. have gone c. havent been d. havent gone（答案答案

29、為 c，for a year 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)延續(xù)動(dòng)詞的標(biāo)志）例 27 it is ten years since they _.a. were married b. got married c. has got married d. has been married （答案答案為 b，it is/has beensince現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句式后面從句中用過(guò)去時(shí)暫轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)詞表示起始點(diǎn)）例 28 it has been twenty years since we _ last time.a. have met b. havent met c. met d. didnt meet（答案答案為 c，it is/ha

30、s beensince現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句式后面從句中用過(guò)去時(shí)暫轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)詞表示起始點(diǎn)）例 29 the car _ by us.a. keeps well b. is well kept c. well kept d. are well kept用心 愛(ài)心 專心（答案答案為 b，副詞修飾 done）例 30 he was often heard _ in the next room.a. sing b. to sing c. singing d. sang（答案答案為 b，do 做賓補(bǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變 to do）例 31 he was heard _ at this time last night.a. s

31、ing b. to sing c. singing d. sang（答案答案 c，doing 做賓補(bǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）例 32 the whole garden _.a. makes beautiful b. made beautifulc. is made beautiful d. are made beautiful（答案答案為 c，adj.做賓補(bǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）例 33 this desk _ in that room.a. put b. puts c. was put d. is putting（答案答案為 c，prep.詞組的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）例 34 the books are useless no

32、w, they must _.a. throw away b. away throw c. be thrown away d. throw （答案答案為 c，adv.做賓補(bǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）例 35 he _ to write a book.a. thinks b. thought c. is thought d. think（答案答案為 c，賓語(yǔ)從句的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）例 36 the film _ when i got there.a. thought to start b. was thought to start c. was thought to have started d. thought t

33、o have started（答案答案為 c，同上）例 37 their homework _ when i got there.a. was thought to have been done b. thought donec. was thought to have done d. thought to do（答案答案 a，同上）例 38 it _ that he would visit some other countries the following weeks.a. reports b. reported c. was reported d. are reported （答案答案為

34、 c，同上）【模擬試題模擬試題】一. 用下列單詞組成倒裝句。1. goes, there, the train2. comes, mary, here3. i, know, the news, only when, me, he, told, did4. she, not only, teach, those children, how to read and write, but also, them, looked after, she, 用心 愛(ài)心 專心did5. he, little, do, can, about, that二. 將下列各句改為倒裝句。1. you can get h

35、igher marks only by studying hard.2. he answered the teacher only after she asked him.3. she seldom speaks to foreigners.4. she is not only good at chinese but she is also good at english.5. she ran out.三. 將下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。1. he gave me a present.2. she found him easy to get on well with.3. the father as

36、ked his son to do everything.4. they made us speak in the meeting.5. i can often see him dance.6. he put the ball under the bed.7. they always keep their mobile phones off.8. we saw him dancing just now.9. they have taken the book away.10. we called him tom.11. we shall paint the room green.12. peop

37、le thought that he was very angry.13. he said that he had been to beijing twice.四. 填空。1. he died about 2 years ago.he _ _ _ _ about 2 years.he _ _ _ _ 2 years _.it _ about 2 years since he _.2. i last met tom a long time ago.i _ _ tom _ a long time.i _ _ tom _ a long time _.it _ _ a long time _ i me

38、t tom last.3. jane bought this book 2 weeks ago.jane _ _this book _ a week.jane _ _ this book _ 2 weeks _.it _ _ 2 weeks since jane _ this book.4. she came here last year.she _ _here _ a year.she _ _here _ a year ago.it _ _a year since she _ here.5. the match began an hour ago.the match _ _ _ _ an hour.用心 愛(ài)心 專心the match _ _ _ _an hour _it _ _ an hour since the match _.用心 愛(ài)心 專心【試題答案試題答案】一.1. there goes the train.2. here comes