英語構(gòu)詞法ppt經(jīng)典實(shí)用

1、英語構(gòu)詞法ppt基礎(chǔ)語法復(fù)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)語法復(fù)習(xí)構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法 在英語中在英語中,詞的構(gòu)成法主要有三種詞的構(gòu)成法主要有三種: 合成、轉(zhuǎn)化、派生合成、轉(zhuǎn)化、派生英語構(gòu)詞法ppt一、合成由兩個(gè)或更多的詞合成一個(gè)詞，有的用連詞符號(hào)由兩個(gè)或更多的詞合成一個(gè)詞，有的用連詞符號(hào)“-”連接，有的直接連寫在一起，還有的由分開的兩個(gè)連接，有的直接連寫在一起，還有的由分開的兩個(gè)詞構(gòu)成。詞構(gòu)成。 1.合成名詞合成名詞 名詞名詞+名詞名詞 cowboy newspaper 名詞名詞+ing handwriting sunbathing ing+名詞名詞 waiting-room sleeping-pill 形容詞形容詞+名詞名

2、詞 blackboard shorthand 英語構(gòu)詞法ppt2. 合成動(dòng)詞合成動(dòng)詞: 副詞副詞+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 overthrow uphold 形容詞形容詞+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 blacklist whitewash 名詞名詞+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 sleepwalk sunburn3. 合成形容詞合成形容詞: 名詞名詞+形容詞形容詞 snow-white lifelong 名詞名詞+過去分詞過去分詞 man-made hand made 數(shù)詞數(shù)詞+名詞名詞 one-way second-hand .一、合成英語構(gòu)詞法ppt二、轉(zhuǎn)化:動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 名詞名詞: taste (v.) taste (n.) it tastes

3、 good. it has a good taste.(2) 名詞名詞 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞: hand (n.) hand (v.) lets go hand in hand. please hand in your exercise books after class. (3) 形容詞形容詞 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞: clean (adj.) clean (v.) her room is clean and tidy. she cleans her room everyday.由一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種或幾種詞性由一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種或幾種詞性.英語構(gòu)詞法ppt三、派生：1.表示表示否定意義否定意義的前綴的前綴dis-

4、 dishonest, dislikein-, ig-, il, im, ir, incapable, inability, ignoble, illegal, impossible, immoral, irregularmis- misunderstand misleadnon- nonsenseun- unable, unemploymentanti-, ant- antiknock( 防震防震), antiforeigner,(排外的排外的)由一個(gè)詞根加上由一個(gè)詞根加上前綴前綴或或后綴后綴構(gòu)成另外一個(gè)詞。構(gòu)成另外一個(gè)詞。英語構(gòu)詞法ppt2. 表示空間位置，方向關(guān)系的前綴表示空間位置，方向

5、關(guān)系的前綴 1) a- 表示表示“在在之上之上”，“向向”aboard, aside,2)by- 表示表示“附近，鄰近，邊側(cè)附近，鄰近，邊側(cè)” bypath, bypass(彎路彎路)3)inter-, intel-, 表示表示“在在間，相互間，相互” international, interaction, internet4) mid-, 表示表示“中，中間中，中間”midnight, mid-autumn英語構(gòu)詞法ppt5) out-, 表示表示“在上面，在外部，在外在上面，在外部，在外” outline, outside, outward6)over-,表示表示“在上面，在外部，向上在上

6、面，在外部，向上”overlook, overhead, overboard7) extra-, 表示表示“額外額外” extraction （提?。ㄌ崛。?)fore- 表示表示“在前面在前面” forehead, foreground9) in-, im-, 表示表示“向內(nèi)，在內(nèi)，背于向內(nèi)，在內(nèi)，背于”inland, invade, inside, import2. 表示空間位置，方向關(guān)系的前綴表示空間位置，方向關(guān)系的前綴 英語構(gòu)詞法pptunder-, 表示表示“在在.下面，下的下面，下的” underline, underground, underwater 11)up-, 表示表示

7、“向上，向上面，在上向上，向上面，在上”upward, uphold, uphill(上坡上坡) 1re-“又又,再再” repeat, review, return, reunite, remarry 2. co“聯(lián)合，伴同聯(lián)合，伴同” cooperate, coexist, co-worker 3. super“在在上；加之上；加之” superman, supermarket3.表示其他意義的前綴表示其他意義的前綴:英語構(gòu)詞法ppt后后 綴綴 例例 詞詞名名詞詞-ability-age-al-an-cy-er-or-ese-ee-eer-ery-ess inability, availa

8、ble leakage, shortage renewal, withdrawal american, korean privacy, accuracy farmer, thinker, painkiller actor, sailor, collector chinese, japanese, portuguese employee, trustee, interviewee engineer, profiteer machinery, jewellery actress, waitress, empress英語構(gòu)詞法ppt后后綴綴 例例 詞詞名名詞詞-ful-ian-ist-ism-men

9、t-ness-ship-tion-ure armful, handful, mouthful egyptian, russian, asian, musician artist, pianist, communist, scientist socialism, realism, idealism government, movement, development business, illness, darkness friendship, ownership invention, liberation, education departure, failure, exposure英語構(gòu)詞法p

10、pt后后綴綴 例例 詞詞形形容容詞詞- able-al-an-ern-est-ful-ish-ive-y-less-some advisable, admirable, comfortable physical, national, political american, italian, australian southern, northern, eastern fattest, latest, luckiest helpful, useful, careful british, english, foolish, childish active, instructive, expensi

11、ve cloudy, windy, dirty, sunny careless, useless troublesome, tiresome英語構(gòu)詞法ppt后后綴綴 例例 詞詞動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞-(e)n-fy-ize-ate widen, strengthen, lengthen simplify, beautify apologize, organize, realize activate, motivate英語構(gòu)詞法ppt后后綴綴 例例 詞詞副副詞詞-ly-down-ward(s) really, badly, perfectly, truly face-down, palm-down(手掌向下地

12、手掌向下地) towards, forward, outward后后綴綴 例例 詞詞數(shù)數(shù)詞詞-teen-ty-th fourteen, fifteen, eighteen forty, fifty, eighty fourth, fifth, eighth英語構(gòu)詞法pptpractice (i): 從右欄中找出適當(dāng)?shù)脑~與左欄搭配構(gòu)成合成詞從右欄中找出適當(dāng)?shù)脑~與左欄搭配構(gòu)成合成詞.booklookersnewfar first troubletenbabyoverempty reaching case minute class born on handed eat sit free 英語構(gòu)詞法p

13、ptpractice (ii): rain(形容詞形容詞) _ agree(反義反義)_ nation(形容詞形容詞)_ farm(人人)_ recent(副詞副詞)_ friend(形容詞形容詞)_ hope(形容詞形容詞)_ back(形容詞形容詞)_ visit(名詞名詞)_ home(形容詞形容詞) _ eight(序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞)_ true(名詞名詞)_ america(形容詞形容詞)_ china(形容詞形容詞)_按括號(hào)內(nèi)的要求改寫下列單詞按括號(hào)內(nèi)的要求改寫下列單詞rainynationalrecentlyhopefulvisitoreighthamericandisagreefa

14、rmerfriendlybackwardshomelesstruthchinese英語構(gòu)詞法pptpractice (iii): fill in the blanks with proper words. with the (1)_ (develop) of industry, air pollution is getting more (2)_ more serious. in beijing, many people suffer different kinds of illnesses because (3)_ air pollution. air pollution is caused

15、 (4)_ the following reasons: about half of the problem is caused by vehicles. there are more and more cars, buses on the roads, and they give (5)_ poisonous gases. 25%of air pollution is caused by factories. another (6)_ (fact) is the smokers. smoking not only does (7) _ to their health(8)_ also to others. besides these, about 10% of air (9) _ is caused by other reasons. we should take some measures to fight(10)_ pollution. new fuel can be used to replace gas. we c