金融市場(chǎng)與金融機(jī)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ) 第3章

1、Depository Institutions: Activities and CharacteristicsChapter 3Asset/Liability ProblemSpread IncomeTypes of RiskCredit RiskRegulatory RiskInterest Rate RiskLiquidity ConcernsWays to accommodate withdrawals and loan demandAttract additional depositsUse currently-owned securities as collateral for lo

2、ans from other institutionsRaise short-term funds in the money marketSell currently-owned securitiesDepository InstitutionsCommercial BanksSavings and Loan AssociationsSavings BanksCredit UnionsCommercial BanksAs of Q2 2007, 7350 commercial banks 25% national banks, but holds 65% assets Bank deposit

3、s insured by FDIC Asset Size of Banks Top 30 Largest Banks Top 30 Largest Banks (continued) Bank ServicesConsumer BankingInstallment loans, residential mortgage loans, credit card loans, brokerage services, student loans, etc.Institutional Banking Commercial real estate finance, leasing, factoringGl

4、obal BankingCorporate finance, capital market and foreign exchange market products and servicesBank FundingDepositsDemand and Time DepositsNon-Deposit BorrowingFed Discount Window and Federal Funds MarketRetained Earnings and Equity SecuritiesOther Non-deposit BorrowingIssuance of Debt SecuritiesCap

5、ital Requirements for BanksRisk-based capital requirements Basel 1 Framework Basel 2 Framework Three “pillars” Minimum risk-based capital requirements Supervisory review of capital adequacy Market discipline through public disclosure Capital RequirementsRisk-Based Capital Guidelines Tier 1 (Core Cap

6、ital) Common stock, certain preferred stock, and minority interestTier 2 (Supplementary Capital) Loan-loss reserve, certain preferred stock, perpetual debt, hybrid capital instruments, and subordinated debt Credit Risk Weight Capital Requirement Savings and Loan AssociationsPrincipal assetsMortgages

7、Mortgage-backed securitiesGovernment securitiesPrincipal sources of fundsPassbook savings accountsTime depositsRegulationRegulation of S&LsHome Owners Loan Act of 1933Office of Thrift SupervisorDepository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980 Deregulated interest rates on de

8、posits Factors in The S&L CrisisBorrowing short and lending longInterest rate ceilings on depositsVolatile interest ratesFraudulent management activitiesHigh-risk strategiesSavings BanksMutually owned or stockholder ownedPrincipal assetsResidential mortgagesPrincipal source of fundsDepositsCredi

9、t UnionsOwned by membersPrincipal assetsSmall consumer loansResidential mortgagesSecuritiesPrincipal source of fundsMember depositsTypes of Credit UnionsNational person credit union Provide services to qualified members of the general public Corporate credit union Provides services to national person credit unionsAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electron