MJ動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)

1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析 表示客觀事實(shí)或普通真理（不受時(shí)態(tài)限制） The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. Water boils at 100oC. 表示現(xiàn)狀、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)時(shí)多用系動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞；表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，多用動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞，且常與表頻率的時(shí)間狀語連用。 Ice feels cold. We always care for each other and help each other. 表示知覺、態(tài)度、感情、某種抽象的關(guān)系或概念的詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice

2、、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如： I know what you mean. Smith owns a car and a house. All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School. 在時(shí)間、條件狀語從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。但要注意由if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示時(shí)態(tài)。 If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be p

3、leased.如果你愿意接受并參加我們的舞會(huì)，我的家人會(huì)非常高興。 少數(shù)用于表示起止的動(dòng)詞如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)，表示一個(gè)按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。當(dāng)be表示根據(jù)時(shí)間或事先安排，肯定會(huì)出現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)，只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day. Tomorrow is Wednesday. 一般過去時(shí)的考點(diǎn)分析（考核重點(diǎn)） 一般過去時(shí)的基本用法：表示過去的事情、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常與表示過去具體的時(shí)間狀語連用（或有上下

4、文語境暗示）；用于表達(dá)過去的習(xí)慣；表示說話人原來沒有料到、想到或希望的事通常用過去式。如： I met her in the street yesterday. I once saw the famous star here. They never drank wine. I thought the film would be interesting,but it isnt. 如果從句中有一個(gè)過去的時(shí)間狀語，盡管從句中的動(dòng)作先于主句發(fā)生，但從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞連用過去式。如： He told me he read an interesting novel last night. 表示兩個(gè)緊接著發(fā)生

5、的動(dòng)作，常由以下詞語連接，用一般過去時(shí)。如：but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。 The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her. He bought a watch but lost it. 常用一般過去時(shí)的句型： Why didnt you / I think of that? I didnt notice it. I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother be

6、fore. I didnt recognize him. 一般將來時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析 表示未來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常用will / shall + 動(dòng)詞（常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語邊用如tomorrow、next week等）。 表示一種趨向或習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。 Well die without air or water. 表示趨向行為的動(dòng)詞如come、go、start、begin、leave等詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式表示將來時(shí)。 be going to與will / shall, be to do, be about to do用法及區(qū)別： be going to 表示現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)硪瞿呈拢@種打算往往經(jīng)過事先考慮，

7、甚至已做了某種準(zhǔn)備；shall / will do表示未事先考慮過，即說話時(shí)臨時(shí)作出的決定。 be going to 表將來，不能用在條件狀語從句的主句中；而will則能，表意愿。如： If it is fine, well go fishing.(正確) If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(錯(cuò)誤) be to do sth.表按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，還可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。 A meeting is to be held at 3:00 oclock this afternoon. be about to do sth.表示“

8、即可，就要”，后面不能接時(shí)間狀語或狀語從句。 Autumn harvest is about to start. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析 表示說話時(shí)正在發(fā)生著的一個(gè)動(dòng)作；表示現(xiàn)階段但不一定是發(fā)生在講話時(shí)；表近期特定的安排或計(jì)劃；go、come等起止動(dòng)作可進(jìn)行時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。 It is raining now. He is teaching English and learning Chinese. I am meeting Mr. Wang tonight. We are leaving on Friday. The girl is always talking loud in public.(與

9、always、often等頻度副詞連用，表經(jīng)常反復(fù)的行動(dòng)或某種感情色彩) 下面四類動(dòng)詞不宜用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。（A）表示心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)作：like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, need。（B）表存在的狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：appear, exist, lie, remain, seem belong to, depend on。（C）表示一時(shí)性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞：allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, complete。（D）表示感官的動(dòng)詞：see, hear, no

10、tice, feel, smell, sound, taste, look。 過去完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析（考核重點(diǎn)） 常用過去完成時(shí)的幾種情況：（A）在by、by the end、by the time、until、before、since后接表示過去某一時(shí)間的短語或從句以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：By the end of last year, we had produced 20,000 cars. The train had left before we reached the station. (B)表示曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算、意圖、諾言等。常用had hoped / planned / meant /

11、intended/ though / wanted / expected等或用上述動(dòng)詞過去式接不定式完成式表示即：hoped / planned + to have done。（C）“時(shí)間名詞 + before”在句子中作狀語，謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)；“時(shí)間名詞 + ago”在句中作狀語，謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去式。 如：He said his first teacher had died at least 10 years before. Xiao Hua left school 3 years ago. （D）表示“一就”的幾個(gè)句型：Hardly / No sooner / Scarcely ha

12、d + 主語 + 過去分詞 + when / than / before + 一般過去時(shí)。如：We had no sooner been seated than the bus started. = No sooner had we been seated than the bus started. 在before或after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)代替過去完成時(shí)。 After he (had)left the room, the boss came in. We arrived home before it snowed. 過去將來時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析用would do、was / were

13、 going to do sth.表過去將來；come、go、leave等過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表過去將來時(shí)；was / were to do sth.和was / were about to do sth.表過去將來。 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析 過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或某一階段內(nèi)發(fā)生或頻繁發(fā)生 Whenever I visited him, he was always writing at the desk. 某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)另一動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，其中一個(gè)在由when或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中。 We were discussing the matter when the headmaster enter

14、ed. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)除可以和for、since引導(dǎo)的狀語連用外，還可以和下面的介詞短語連用：during / in /over the last(past)few years (months, weeks)、in recent years等。 下列句型中常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) It is (has been) + 一段時(shí)間 + since從句 This(That / It)is the first(second)time that + 完成時(shí) This(That / It)is the only + that + 完成時(shí) This(that / It)is the best / finest / most interesting + that 從句 + 完成時(shí) 在時(shí)間或條件狀語從句中，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以代替一般將來時(shí)。如： I shall post the letter as soon as I have written it. If you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory better. Dont get off the bus until it