Vocabulary大學高級英語6

1、VocabularyUnit 11. psychiatrist: (從醫(yī)學角度治療) 精神病醫(yī)生 psychologist: 心理學家2. rewarding: worth doing; satisfying3. change for the better: improve something that already exists 向著較好的情況轉變；為了取得更好的結果E.g.: His health has changed for the better. 他的健康狀況已有好轉。 make alterations for the better in the design of a house

2、 修改房屋的設計使之更趨完善c.f.: change for the worse: make worse something that already exists or that has gone before 向著較壞的情況轉變，更不好E.g.: He bought a new car but it turned out to be for the worse. 他買了一輛新汽車，但結果比原來的還不好。for better (or) for worse (或 for better or worse): in both good and bad fortune; whether the re

3、sult is good or bad 同甘共苦, 禍福與共; 不管是好是歹, 不論是禍是福; 不管結果怎樣E.g.: He has resolved to take her for better or for worse. 不論是福是禍，他決心娶她為妻。Most leave-taking - for better or worse - are temporary affairs. 不管怎樣，大多數(shù)的告別只是暫別。4. wintry: of or like winter; cold, snowy (似) 冬天的；寒冷的；多雪的E.g.: a wintry smile 冷若冰雪的微笑5. fru

4、strated: feeling annoyed or disappointed because of the prevention of the fulfillment of or defeat of someone or someones effort, hopes, etc. 表示作出的某種努力受阻而失望或沮喪E.g.: 1 ) Im feeling rather frustrated in my present job; I need a change. 2 ) I feel frustrated; I cant go after all! 我感到很失望；我終歸還是去不成了。6. de

5、pressed: sad; low in spirits 沮喪的；抑郁的；（意志）消沉的E.g.: I feel really depressed today, nothing went right. 今天我真倒霉，什么都不順利7. on ones part: made or done by one 某人所做的，某人有責任的；就某人而言，在某人一方；代表某人E.g.: 1) I consider this a gross oversight on your part. 我認為這是你的嚴重疏忽。 2) It was the lapse on the part of my wife. 這是我妻子出

6、的差錯。There are still some doubts on the part of the employers. 雇主方面仍心存懷疑。A frank question on his part led to a frank answer on mine. 他問題提得直率，因此我也回答得坦誠。He expressed appreciation on the part of himself and his colleagues. 他代表自己以及同事們表示感謝。8. fall through: fail to be successfully completed; come to nothin

7、g 失敗，成為泡影；不能踐約，失約E.g.: To his disappointment, his plan to do further studies in the university fell through.I have made an appointment with him, but Im afraid hell fall through. 我已和他約好會面，可是我怕他會失約。9. hindsight: wisdom about an event after it has occurred 事后的覺悟；事后的聰明E.g.: By hindsight I should have go

8、ne there earlier. 事后想來，我應早些去那里。Hindsight is always clearer than ones view at the time. 事后看問題總要比當時看得清楚c.f.: foresight: the ability to imagine what will probably happen, allowing one to act to help or prevent developments; care or wise planning for the future 預見；先見之明10. chew the cud: think deeply befo

9、re making a decision; think reflectively 深思，反復思考E.g.: He didnt reply immediately, but seemed rather to be chewing his cud. 他沒有立即回答，不過看上去在反復思考。11.perceptiveness: unusual ability to notice and understand; awareness and understanding 觀察敏銳；善于理解E.g.: We all admired his perceptiveness; he was always so qu

10、ick to respond to a new situation.12. melancholy: adj. characterized by sadness; n. a feeling of thoughtful sadnessE.g.: He felt melancholy after he failed the exam.E.g.: All at once he fell into a state of profound melancholy.13. berate sb.: speak to sb. angrily about something he/she has done wron

11、gE.g. Marion berated Joe for the noise he made.14. lament: v. express sadness, regret, or disappointment about something; n. a poem, song, or a piece of music that expresses sorrow. E.g. The children lament the death of their mother.E.g. He composed a lament to the death of soldier.15. perverse: som

12、eone who is perverse deliberately does things that are unreasonable or that result in harm for themselvesE.g. It is perverse of him to buy hotdogs when we want ice-cream.16. to be sure: I can not deny that; admittedly 無可否認；誠然；固然；必須承認E.g.: He is clever, to be sure, but not very hard-working. 他聰明是聰明，但

13、不怎么勤奮。 He is young, to be sure, but experienced. 他固然還年輕，但很有經(jīng)驗。Unit 21. exhort: (formal) urge or advise strongly 規(guī)勸; 告誡E.g.: The teacher exhorted her students to do their own research work.We are exhorted not to waste our time on the chatroom online.2. elegant: having the qualities of grace, beauty,

14、and fashion 文雅的，雅致的；講究的，精美的E.g.: elegant manners 優(yōu)雅的風度 an elegant dress 漂亮雅致的女服 a set of books with elegant bindings 一套裝幀精美的書籍3. get / come around / round to: find time for, especially after delay 抽出時間來做（或考慮）E.g.: The committee will get round to your suggestion after theyve dealt with urgent busines

15、s. After a long delay he got round to writing the letter.4. worthy: (sometimes humorous) a person of importance 知名人士；杰出人物E.g.: local worthies 地方名流He had been a college worthy. 他曾是學院里大名鼎鼎的人。5. cool / kick ones heels: (colloquial) be forced to wait; be kept waitingE.g.: I had to cool/kick my heels for

16、 nearly two hours before I could see my boss.anteroom: (also antechamber) a room in which people wait, as before seeing a doctor (連接正廳的) 前廳，候見室6. attest to: testify to; serve as an evidence to affirm / to be proof of 證明，表明E.g.: His success attests to his ability. 他的成功表明他有能力。7. ever: always 總是，不斷地；永遠

17、，始終E.g.: War and suffering have ever gone hand in hand. 戰(zhàn)爭和苦難總是結伴而行的。 He is ever making the same mistake. 他老是犯同樣的錯誤。 ever-rising costs and prices 不斷上漲的費用和物價8. dub: give (someone) an unofficial name or nickname 給起綽號；把稱為；授予稱號; provide (a film) with a soundtrack in a different language from the origina

18、l 配音E.g.: He was dubbed Shorty because of his size. 他因身材短小被人取了個矮子的綽號。The region is dubbed the paradise on earth. 這地方被稱為人間天堂。Quite a number of imported films are dubbed in mandarin. 大部分進口電影都用普通話配了音。9. plead: vt. (formal) give as an excuse for an action 提出為理由；提出為借口; vi. ask earnestly and in a begging

19、way懇求E.g.: The thief pleaded poverty. 那賊說是因為貧窮才偷竊的。The Government pleaded ignorance. 政府借口不知情。I pleaded fatigue, and excused myself. 我推說疲乏就告退了。She pleaded for more time to finish her work. 她懇求給與更多的時間以完成工作。The child pleaded with his parents to let him watch TV at a supper time.10. rationalize: attempt

20、 to explain or justify ones action with plausible reasons, even if they are not true or appropriateE.g.: Dont rationalize your incompetence by finding fault with the method. 11. do-it-nowers: those who act promptly12. at an ungodly 6:30 p.m.: at an unusually early hour. The author thinks 6:30 p.m. i

21、s rather too early for a planned formal dinner.13. ungodly: (informal) very unreasonable 不適當?shù)?；不可思議的；令人不能容忍的E.g.: He called at an ungodly hour. 他來得很不是時候。 eat an ungodly amount 食量大得叫人難以相信 14. apocalyptic: (often derogatory) foreboding imminent disaster or final doom 預示世界末日恐怖景象的E.g.: an apocalyptic ima

22、gination 充滿世界末日恐怖景象的想象力 take an apocalyptic view of the future 對未來抱極端悲觀的看法apocalypse: the showing of hidden things, especially the telling of what will happen when the world ends 天啟，啟示；啟示錄；世界末日大災變 15. all the trouble procrastination may incur: all the trouble that a persons delay in action may bring

23、 upon himincur: become subject to (something unpleasant) as a result of ones own action 招致, 引起, 帶來; 遭受, 受到E.g.: The company incurred a heavy loss due to mismanagement. incur somebodys displeasure (envy) 招致某人的不悅 (妒忌) incur a protest 惹起抗議 incur great expense 招致巨額花費 16. geodetic survey: land area surve

24、y 大地測量geodetics (= geodesy): science of land area survey 大地測量學，大地測量術ledge: a flat shelf of rock, especially one that stretches a long way below the sea (近海岸的) 暗礁porcupine: a type of quite small short-legged animal that has very long stiff prickles (quills刺) all over its back and sides. It is larger

25、than a hedgehog (美洲箭豬) 豪豬17. proconsul: (in ancient Rome) a governor of a part of the Roman Empire; (formal or pompous) an administrator in a colony usually with wide powers 總督18. ruminate: (formal) go over in the mind repeatedly and often slowly 反芻；沉思；反復思考E.g.: He ruminated over / on the situation

26、before he made the final decision.She ruminated for a long time before she expressed her opinion.sling: 斯林酒 (一種由烈酒、水、糖、檸檬汁等混合而成的飲料)blessedly: happily19. nattering (natter v.): (BrE informal) chattering; hence, noisyE.g.: They nattered away for an hour about nothing. 他們空談了一個小時。20. the worlds most add

27、icted postponers: the worlds worst postponers who just could not free themselves from postponingaddicted: dependent on something (usually a drug) and unable to stop having it; enthusiastically devoted to a particular thing or activityE.g.: He is addicted to cocaine / heroin. be addicted to computer

28、games21. echelon: (often plural with singular meaning) (in a group of people or organization) rank, level 階層E.g.: the top echelon of the Civil Service 文職官員中的最高層 the leading echelons of a government 政府的領導階層 the higher (lower) echelons 較高（低）職位的全體人員22. corporate dynamics: the pattern of growth, change

29、or development of a corporation 企業(yè)的動態(tài)23. the caution that breeds delay: the great care that causes delaybreed: cause (a usually unpleasant condition or feeling) to developE.g.: Some people believe that violence breeds violence. Mosquitoes breed malaria. Familiarity breeds contempt. 近之則不遜。 24. fortif

30、y: encourage; supportE.g. The country will fortify the coastal areas.該國將加強沿海地區(qū)的防御。E.g. Would you care for some tea, or even a light meal, to fortify yourself before your adventure?你要不要喝點兒茶，或吃點兒便餐，好在冒險之前增加一點體力？25. flourish: develop rapidly. When speaking of a person, an animal, etc., it means “grow o

31、r develop in a healthy or vigorous way”.E.g.: The trees planted on the school campus are flourishing. E.g.: Were happy to see these disabled children flourish in their foster-homes (寄養(yǎng)家庭).26. many languages are studded with phrases: many languages are provided with phrasesstud: a small piece of meta

32、l which is attached to a surface as a decoration 飾釘be studded with: be covered with something like studsE.g.: the sky studded with stars a sea studded with islandslanguages studded with phrases: you find phrases in languages just like studs27. academe: the academic community; academics 學術界；學術環(huán)境take

33、high honors: do very well, earn great distinction 28. churn out three to five pages of writing a day: produce three to five pages a daychurn out: produce something routinely or mechanically, especially in large quantities. The phrase is used ironically and jokingly here, for three to five pages of w

34、riting cannot be considered as a large quantity.29. check out the latest book: examine the latest book carefully; borrow the latest book from the library30. maintain: state as true; argue for 斷言；主張31. assiduous (assiduity n.): showing great care and perseverance; hard-working 勤奮的，刻苦的；堅持不懈地，一絲不茍地進行的E

35、.g.: be assiduous in ones duties 勤奮從事本職工作E.g.: assiduous editing 一絲不茍的編輯工作31. shrink: (AmE humorous and slang) headshrinker; psychiatrist, psychoanalyst 精神病醫(yī)師；精神分析學家32. subliminal: existing or functioning outside the area of conscious awareness 潛意識的E.g.: subliminal advertising (電視等的)速閃廣告、隱性廣告 (即將廣告內

36、容在觀眾面前一掠而過，使觀眾潛意識受到?jīng)_擊)E.g.: Color has a profound, though often subliminal influence on our senses and moods.33. drag ones feet / heels: (informal) act intentionally in a slow or ineffective way E.g.: Your firm is dragging its feet over signing this contract.34. truism: an undoubted or self-evident t

37、ruth 自明之理；不言而喻的事；老生常談35. deliberation: long and careful consideration or discussion; slow and unhurried movement 細想，考慮；研究；審慎；從容E.g.: After much deliberation, I decided not to go. 我在再三考慮后決定不去了。speak with deliberation 字斟句酌地講話36. entree: (歌劇或芭蕾舞劇中) 開頭的一個曲目；(美) 主菜37. mellow and marinate / marinade: to m

38、ellow is to become ripe or fully developed, and to marinate / marinade is to steep (meat, fish) in a savory sauce to enrich its flavor; here, ripen and mature38. pace: with all due respect or deference to (a specified person who does not or may not agree) 請（可能與自己意見不同的人）原諒，懷著對的敬意E.g.: I have not, pac

39、e my detractors, entered into any “deals”. 我并沒有-請詆毀我的諸君容我辯白-參與任何“交易”。E.g. I did not quite appreciate the lyrics, pace the songwriter.39. by all means: (formal) yes, of course; certainly 當然可以E.g.: - May I have one? - Yes, by all means. Unit 31. to play God: to function as God, i.e. to decide when to

40、terminate a person's life. Christians believe that only God has the right to decide when a person's life should end. 2. the Phil Donahue show: The Phil Donahue Show, also known as Donahue, is an American television talk show that ran for 26 years on national television. Its run was preceded

41、by three years of local broadcast in Dayton, Ohio, and it was broadcast nationwide between 1967 and 1996.3. a fatted calf: (literal) a fat young cow; (extended) a big meal; a major target4. flock:n. a group of (birds/sheep/goats, or people); v. move as a crowd or in a groupE.g. They kept a small flo

42、ck of sheep/birds/goats.他們養(yǎng)了一小群羊、鳥。E.g. These cases all attracted flocks of famous writers. 這些案件都吸引了大批知名作家的關注。E.g. The public have flocked to the show.公眾蜂擁而至觀看演出。c.f. a herd of cattlea school of fish5. hunger: vi. have a craving, appetite, or great desire forhunger for/after sth. OR hunger to do sth

43、.E.g. But Jules was not eager for classroom learning; he hungered for adventure.6. pick at: a) eat like a bird/ eat sparingly or without appetite; b) express a negative opinion ofHere, in the context, it is understood as a).7. resuscitate: make someone breathe/become conscious again; restore/recover

44、 frommouth-to-mouth resuscitation人工呼吸CPR (cardio-pulmonary resuscitation) 心肺復蘇8. macho: n. a man being strong or brave, or showing his feelings adj. (used or men) markedly masculine in appearance or manner; manly/virile9. attack equipment: weapons used in a defensive or offensive action 10. single-h

45、andedly: adv. on ones own, without help from anyone else 11. in the scheme of things: in the way things generally happenE.g. Man needs to understand his place in the scheme of things.人類需要理解自身在事物發(fā)展過程中的地位。E.g. A two-week delay will not matter in the overall scheme of things.拖延兩周在整件事的發(fā)展中影響不大。13. haggar

46、d: adj. having lines on the face and hollow places around the eyes and in the cheeks, as through tiredness or lack of sleepE.g. Like many presidents, Lincoln grew visibly haggard during his presidency.14. beaten: adj. exhausted; tired out15. When Mac had wasted away to a 60-pound skeleton: When Mac

47、had been reduced to a 60-pound skeleton waste away (of a person or a part of the body) become progressively weaker and more emaciated 變得消瘦、衰弱e.g. She is dying of AIDS, visibly wasting away. 16. i.v. solutions: "i.v." is the abbreviation of "intravenous", meaning "within

48、 a vein", and "i.v. solutions" refers to the liquid substances infused directly into the vein of a patient for therapeutic purposes.17. code blue: refer to note 3 in the textbook18. work ones miracles/ wonders/ magic: have a powerful positive effectE.g. The tonic will work miracles fo

49、r your depression.這種補藥對治療你的憂郁癥十分有效。E.g. Transplant surgeons work miracles.移植外科醫(yī)生創(chuàng)造了奇跡。19. irrigate the big craters of bedsores: The verb "irrigate" normally means "to supply water to land or crops to help growth." In medicine, the word can be used to mean "to apply a continu

50、ous flow of water or medication to an organ or a wound.”20. suction the lung fluids that threatened to drown him: drain the excessive lung fluids that threaten his life21. that seemed woven into the fabric of my uniform: that seemed to have become an element of the fabric of my uniformweave sth. int

51、o include sth. as an integral part or element (of a fabric); include an element in a story, an artistic work, etc.e.g. Some golden threads are woven into the fabric.Argumentative paragraphs are naturally woven into Huttmann's narration. 22. to be liable for negligence: to be held responsible for

52、 failing to perform my dutybe liable for to be responsible for by law, to be legally answerable to對有責任be liable to be likely to do or to be something, likely to experience sth. (unpleasant) 易受、易于發(fā)生E.g. Once you have contacted the credit card protection scheme, you are no longer liable for any loss t

53、hat might occur.He is suffering from hypertension and thus is liable to fall if he gets up too suddenly.The low-lying areas are liable to floods during the rainy season.23. lucid: adj. 1)(of language) transparently clear; easily understandable 2) having a clear mind; capable of thinking and expressi

54、ng oneself clearlyE.g. His prose is always lucid and compelling. 他的散文素來簡潔、有力。E.g. He wasnt very lucid; he didnt know where he was.24. still vt. & vi.e.g. He clapped his hands to still the agitated audience.When night fell, the village which was boisterous with tourists in the daytime stilled.25.

55、 building character: developing his personal qualities (so that he could face up to the adversity better)26. salvation: 1) in Christianity, salvation is the fact that Christ has saved a person from evil靈魂的得救;救贖2) the act of saving拯救;解救27. meddle in: interfere ine.g. Young people today do not like th

56、eir parents to meddle in their lives.meddle with touch or handle sth. without permissione.g. You can use my room but you're not supposed to meddle with my stuffs, especially my computer.28. riddled me with guilt: filled me with a strong sense of guiltThe verb riddle here means "fill or perm

57、eate sb. or sth. esp. with sth. unpleasant or undesirable".E.g. The darkness saved me from being riddled with bullets.深處黑暗中讓我不至于被子彈打得渾身是洞。29. A clutch of panic banded my chest: I was so seized by panic that I felt simply suffocatedclutch n. graspband v. surround (an object) with sth. in the form of a strip or ring, typically for reinforcement or decoration (usu. be banded )e.g. The doors to the warehouse are all banded with iron to make them stronger.