廣州初中英語(yǔ)牛津版最新教材 7B U6 electricity 同步學(xué)案

1、 同學(xué)第十次課教案第十講 7B U6學(xué)員姓名： 上課日期： 上課時(shí)間： 教師姓名: 一、重點(diǎn)單詞與詞組。（一）知識(shí)講解1. a_ pron. 任何人；任何一個(gè)(1) 表示“某人”，常用于_ 、 _，用以代替someone / somebody (常譯為：什么人、誰(shuí))表示“任何人”，可用于肯定句 (也可用于其它句型)：Did anybody hear of such a thing? 有誰(shuí)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這樣的事嗎? Dont owe anybody a penny. 不要欠任何人一分錢(qián)。I can do it if anybody can. 如果有誰(shuí)能干這事，我也能。(2) 用作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用_；若需

2、用代詞代替，可用單數(shù) _ (正式)或復(fù)數(shù)_(非正式)均可：If anybodyanyone comes, ask him them to wait. 要是有人來(lái)，讓他等著。(3) 受形容詞修飾時(shí)，形容詞應(yīng)置于_：Have you seen _? 你見(jiàn)過(guò)名人嗎?(4) anyone只能指人，且不和介詞of連用：Anyone should be polite to every one of them.任何人都要禮貌對(duì)待他們中的每一個(gè)人。2. b_ n.電池,蓄電池 搭配詞組：_ 換電池 _ 給蓄電池充電 _ 干電池3. c_ n.纜繩，繩索；電學(xué)電纜 _ 有線電視4. c_ v.連接(1).表示“

3、連接”，通常與介詞_, _連用。如：Will you _? 請(qǐng)你把這根電線和電視機(jī)連上好嗎? Please _ the hose _ the faucet. 請(qǐng)把膠皮管套在水龍頭上。【注】有時(shí)可用連詞 and 代替介詞 with, to。如：A railway _. 北京和上海之間有鐵路相連。(2). 下列情況，通常用介詞 with。 表示關(guān)系方面的“聯(lián)系”時(shí)：Hes connected with our school. 他與我們學(xué)校有聯(lián)系。He is connected with the Smiths. 他與史密斯家有姻親。Mathematics is connected with astr

4、onomy. 數(shù)學(xué)與天文學(xué)有聯(lián)系。 表示汽車(chē)、火車(chē)、飛機(jī)等交通方面的“相通”、“銜接”時(shí)：The trolleybus connects here with a bus for the airport. 這輛無(wú)軌電車(chē)與開(kāi)往機(jī)場(chǎng)的公共汽車(chē)銜接。This early bus from the village connects with the 8:30train. 這輛從村里開(kāi)來(lái)的早班車(chē)與8:30的火車(chē)銜接。表示物理連接的時(shí)候一般用介詞“to”。5. c_ n.炊具 在美語(yǔ)中通常說(shuō)“stove” 6. c_ n.對(duì)話短語(yǔ)： _ 與某人交談 _ 與某人攀談 _ 正在交談 _ 沒(méi)話找話說(shuō)練習(xí)： _ 為

5、了打破僵局,我開(kāi)始沒(méi)話找話說(shuō)。Shes so cute! To attract her attention, I try to _.I _, so would you mind if I call you later?7. f_ adj. 愚蠢的; 荒謬的，可笑的 foolish stupid silly的區(qū)別(1) foolish指“無(wú)頭腦的”、“缺乏常識(shí)的”、“缺乏判斷能力的”。例如： It was a foolish thing to pick a fight with his neighbor. 和他的鄰居找碴兒打架是一件蠢事。 He is foolish to throw away

6、such a chance. 他真蠢，丟掉了這么一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。 It is foolish of you to say so (you are foolish to say so). 你說(shuō)這話真蠢。(2) Silly指“頭腦簡(jiǎn)單瓣、不懂事的”、“傻頭傻腦的”。例如： Dont be silly! 別傻！ Stop asking such silly questions！別再問(wèn)這樣傻的問(wèn)題了！ It was silly of you (You were silly)to trust him.你真傻竟相信了他。 Silly有時(shí)帶感情色彩。例如： You silly child.你這個(gè)傻孩子。（并無(wú)太多

7、的貶意）(3) Stupid指“智力差的”、“反應(yīng)遲鈍的”。例如： Mary made a stupid mistake. 瑪麗犯了一個(gè)笨拙的錯(cuò)誤。 He is very stupid in learning maths. 他學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)很笨。 Henry is too stupid to understand such a complicated problem. 亨利太笨了，他不理解這么復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題。 概括起來(lái)，foolish相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)的“愚蠢”，stupid相當(dāng)于“笨”，silly相當(dāng)于“傻”。8. i_ vt.識(shí)別，認(rèn)出；確定；使參與；把看成一樣 vi.確定；認(rèn)同(1) 辨認(rèn)；識(shí)別；認(rèn)出；鑒定

8、；驗(yàn)明；確定： He identified his baggage among hundreds of others. 他在幾百件行李中認(rèn)出了自己的行李。to identify handwriting鑒定筆跡We need a doctor to identify the corpse.我們需要一名醫(yī)生來(lái)驗(yàn)明尸體。(2) _ 使等同于；把看做一致)： Never _千萬(wàn)不要把財(cái)富等同于幸福。He always _ 他總是把別人的幸?？醋髯约旱男腋?。9. m_ n.瞬間，片刻；時(shí)刻 詞組 for a moment 稍等片刻，過(guò)了一會(huì)兒for the moment 在那時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)某時(shí)間點(diǎn) in a

9、moment 片刻，一眨眼 at any moment 隨時(shí)；馬上；即刻 at the moment 此刻；目前；眼下 a moment ago 表示剛才發(fā)生的事情10. r_ n.規(guī)則，規(guī)定；統(tǒng)治，支配；章程 vt.& vi.控制，支配；判定；裁定(1) 用作名詞 規(guī)則；規(guī)定；章程；條例 breaking this rule 行事準(zhǔn)則；指導(dǎo)方針；應(yīng)做的事An important rule is to drink plenty of water during any flight.一條重要的原則就是每次坐飛機(jī)都要多喝水。(2) 用作動(dòng)詞: 統(tǒng)治He _.他統(tǒng)治了這個(gè)國(guó)家8個(gè)月.the

10、long line of feudal lords who had ruled over this land.曾經(jīng)統(tǒng)治這片土地的歷代封建領(lǐng)主11.r_ v&n.回復(fù)，回答(1) 答,答覆,回答,應(yīng)答,答辯I asked her why she did it, but she did not reply.我問(wèn)她為什么那樣做,但是她沒(méi)有回答(2) _ 對(duì) 回答,答覆I won't _ this letter.我不想回覆這封信(3) 對(duì)于攻擊等 應(yīng)對(duì),應(yīng)戰(zhàn),應(yīng)付,對(duì)付They replied to the enemy's attack with heavy gunfire.他

11、們以猛烈的炮火對(duì)付 回敬 敵人的攻擊reply和answer的聯(lián)系與區(qū)別.兩者均可表示“回答”，但answer屬常用詞，多用于一般性應(yīng)答，而 reply 則較正式，多指經(jīng)過(guò)考慮而做出答復(fù)。如：He answered my letter. 他給我回了信。(指他在信中說(shuō)信已收到)He replied to my letter. 他給我回了信。(指他在信中把我提出的問(wèn)題都作出回答)若不細(xì)分，兩者可換用。如：I was so nervous that I couldnt answer reply. 我緊張得沒(méi)作回答。 .answer 除表示“回答”外，還可表示接聽(tīng)(電話)或?qū)﹂T(mén)鈴等聲響作出反應(yīng)等(常與

12、 telephone, door, bell, door-bell 等連用)。但 reply 不能這樣用。如：Who answered the telephone? 誰(shuí)接的電話?A little girl answered the door. 一個(gè)小女孩應(yīng)聲去開(kāi)門(mén)。Nobody answered my call for help. 沒(méi)有人理會(huì)我的呼救.兩者除用作動(dòng)詞外，都可用作名詞。要表示“對(duì)的回答(答復(fù)，答案)”等，其后均接介詞 to (不用 of)。如：Have you had an answer to your letter? 你寄出的信有回音沒(méi)有?I received no reply

13、 to my request. 我的要求沒(méi)有收到任何答復(fù)。12. t_ vt.& vi.使整潔；弄整齊；使有條理；整理，收拾 adj.整潔的，整齊的 詞組：_ 收拾，整理 _ 把某物收拾好 翻譯：_. 請(qǐng)你離開(kāi)之前把一切整理好。 _. 客人來(lái)之前把這間屋子整理整理。13._ 一袋【拓展】基本量詞詞組_ 一點(diǎn)兒 _一張(一片,塊) _一茶懷 _一玻璃杯 _ 一堆(一堆堆的) _一盒_一份,一本 _一碗 _一籃 _一盤(pán)_一瓶 _一臉盆 _一套 _一種_一種類(lèi)型的 _ 一隊(duì),一組,一群14. _ 在某種程度上15._ 關(guān)閉，關(guān)掉，關(guān)上(水源、煤氣、電源等)；關(guān)掉(水龍頭等)；關(guān)掉(電器)：1

14、6._ 四周，周?chē)?7._ 確保+句子 Please_. 請(qǐng)確保所有東西都準(zhǔn)備好了。（二）鞏固練習(xí)1.單項(xiàng)選擇。(1) She couldnt see or hear _ at all. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. no one(2) I wont tell _ I saw you here. A. anyone B. no one C. someone D. any(3) Electricity flows _ thin wire A. on B. in C. through D. into(4) Of course, your comput

15、er should _ the Internet. A. be connected to B. connect to C. be connected D. connect (5) Your composition is well done_. A. on the way B. in a way C. in the way D. by a way2.首字母填空(1) We can hear laughter all a_.(2) I proposed to her but she didnt r_.(3) My words are c_ with my action.(4) What a dir

16、ty room! I give you 10min t_ it up!(5) I can i_ the murderer of this case.(6) I came to realize the meaning for a m_.(7) Thank you for letting me rule the people, your majesty.(8) Its really f_ of you to say something like that.(9) We can hear laughter all a_.(10) Dont lend money to a_. 二、語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 C

17、an, May, Must（一）知識(shí)講解 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是一種本身有一定的詞義，表示說(shuō)話人的情緒、態(tài)度或語(yǔ)氣的動(dòng)詞，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ),只能和其他動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。1. can的基本用法(1) 表示體力或智力上的能力，即“能夠，會(huì)”。如: He can speak English. -Can you play basketball? -No, I cant.(2) 表示許可，主要用于口語(yǔ)，書(shū)面語(yǔ)一般用“may”。如： -Can we go home now,please? -No, you cant. You can only smoke in this room. 你只可以在這個(gè)房間里吸煙 You

18、cant keep the library books for more than a month.(3) 表示“可能”，與may同義，表示推測(cè)。如： What can he possibly want? Anybody can make mistakes. 任何人都有可能犯錯(cuò)。 Youd better have your breakfast first.This meeting can last for a long time. 在否定句中，否定形式cant 表示推測(cè)“不大可能”。如： This news cant be true. 這個(gè)消息不大可能是真的。 與第一、二人稱(chēng)連用時(shí)，還可以就可

19、能的解決問(wèn)題的方式或可能的行為提出建議。在這里，也可用could 使語(yǔ)氣婉轉(zhuǎn)。如： Can/Could we meet again next week? 下周我們可以再見(jiàn)面嗎？ -What shall we do? -We can/could try asking Lucy for help. 我們可以請(qǐng)露西幫忙試試看。 You can/could help me with the cooking.2. may 的基本用法(1) 表示“許可”，如; You may/can come if you wish. 如果你想來(lái)，你就來(lái)。 You may not pick flowers in this

20、 park. 本公園內(nèi)不許摘花。 may not 表示按規(guī)定不許可(2) 在肯定句中表推測(cè)，“可能”。如； It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能會(huì)下雨。 The news may not be true. 這個(gè)消息可能不會(huì)是真的。 注意：如果在疑問(wèn)句中表示“可能”，通常用can。如： Can it be true? Who can he be? 注意：-May I /we.提問(wèn)時(shí)的兩種回答： -Yes, you may. -No, you cant/mustnt.3. must的基本用法(1) 表示必須，強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話人的主觀意志。如; I must go now, or Ill b

21、e late. You must be here by ten oclock. 注意：表示“必須”時(shí)，must的否定式為neednt,或dont have to,而不是mustnt.如： -Must I do it now? -Yes, you must. -No, you neednt/dont have to.(2) 表示推測(cè)，一般只用于肯定陳述句，表示非?？隙āＨ纾?She didnt look at me. She must be angry. 她不朝我看，一定是生氣了。 He is good at English. He must know the word. 他英語(yǔ)好，準(zhǔn)知道這個(gè)詞

22、。 You must be Mr. Jones. 想必您就是瓊斯先生吧。 注意：在否定句或疑問(wèn)句中，要代之cant 和 can. 如： What do you think this letter can mean? 你認(rèn)為這封信意味著什么？ It cant be father. He hasnt returned from work. 那不可能是爸爸。他上班還沒(méi)回來(lái)。（二）鞏固練習(xí)1John_ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet. A. may B. can C. has to D. must 2They _ do we

23、ll in the exam. A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to 3-May I take this book out? -No, you_. A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't 4You_ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever. A. can B. must C. dare D. would 5-Can you speak Japanese? -No, I

24、_. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not 6-He_ be in the classroom, I think. -No, he _ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; mustn't 7-Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? -Thanks, but you_, I've had enough. A. may not B. must not C. can't D. needn't 8Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it_ be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need 9He isn't at school. I think he _ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to 10_ I take thi