There-be句型

1、There be句型1 定義及結(jié)構(gòu)定義There be句型是英語(yǔ)中常用句型,表示某處有某物或某人,在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分,翻譯時(shí)也不必翻譯出.后面的名詞是句子的主語(yǔ),屬于倒裝結(jié)構(gòu).表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”There在此結(jié)構(gòu)中,沒有副詞“那里”的含義.句型結(jié)構(gòu)be動(dòng)詞肯定句：There be+主語(yǔ)+其它.否定句：There be not+主語(yǔ)+其它.（否定副詞not放在be之后）There be not+主語(yǔ)+其它.（主語(yǔ)前加上不定代詞no）一般疑問句：Be there +主語(yǔ)+其它? Yes,there be./No,there be not.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（will）肯定句：There

2、 +情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形+主語(yǔ)+其它.否定句：There +情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+動(dòng)詞原形+主語(yǔ)+其它.一般疑問句：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+there +動(dòng)詞原形+主語(yǔ)+其它?Yes,there+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞./No,there+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not.句型時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)：There is/are過去時(shí)：There was/were將來(lái)時(shí)：There is/are going to be：There will be完成時(shí)：There have/has been反義疑問句和特殊疑問句反義疑問句：There be或There加其它動(dòng)詞,其反義疑問句一律用.there？例如：There is a beautiful girl in

3、 the garden,isnt there?There used to be no school here,uesd there/did there?特殊疑問句：1.對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問：“Whos+介詞短語(yǔ)？”（主語(yǔ)是人） “Whats+介詞短語(yǔ)？”（主語(yǔ)是物）其中there在口語(yǔ)中常常省略.注意：無(wú)論原句的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),對(duì)其提問時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式（回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)決定）There is a bird in the tree.-Whats in the tree?There are some bikes over there.-Whats over there?2. 對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提

4、問：“Where is/are+主語(yǔ)？”表示（注意其答語(yǔ)變化）There is a computer in my office.-Where is the computer?-Its in my office.There are four children in the classroom.-Where are the four children?-They are in the classroom.3. 對(duì)數(shù)量提問：一般有兩種一般如果主語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞,無(wú)論是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),都用“How many+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+are there+介詞短語(yǔ)？”表示：There are twelve months

5、in a year.-How many months are there in a year?This is only one book in my bag.-How many books are there in your bag?如果主語(yǔ)是不可數(shù)名詞,則用“How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+介詞短語(yǔ)？”表示：There is some money in my purse.How much money is there in your purse?注意肯定句中出現(xiàn)some改成否定句或疑問句要改成any,出現(xiàn)and要改為or.not和no不同,not是副詞,no是形容詞,not

6、a/an/any+名詞=no+名詞推薦精選2 There be句型用法情況用法及例句情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用there 與be中間可插入一些表示推測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、表時(shí)態(tài)的短語(yǔ)和一些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)（如將來(lái)時(shí)be going to/will,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+done,used to結(jié)構(gòu)等連用,注意其構(gòu)成形式）There must be something wrong hereThere might still be some vacant seats in the rearThere ought to be something with which to fill your stockingThere h

7、appened to be some money in my pocket.There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.There used to be a church across from the bank.時(shí)態(tài)There be句型常用的時(shí)態(tài)形式有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過去完成時(shí)There is someone at the door to see you.門口有人找你。There will be a meeting this evening.-Have there been any letters from

8、 Jack lately?-No, there hasnt.There had been many such accidents before you came.半助動(dòng)詞There be句型中be前面可用一些半助動(dòng)詞,如：be about to (就要), be certain to (一定會(huì)), be going to (將要),be likely to (可能), be to (要), had better (最好), have to (必須), used to (過去常),appear/seem/happen to (似乎/恰好)等There used to be a grocery s

9、tore on the corner.There is certain to be something wrong with the engine. = It appears / is certain that there is something wrong with the engine.There appears to have been a nasty accident.替換詞There be 句型中的替換詞有：come (來(lái)), develop (產(chǎn)生), exist (存在), fall (落下), follow (跟隨), happen (發(fā)生), lie (躺著), live

10、(住著), occur (發(fā)生), remain (還有), rise (升起),stand (站著)等.這些動(dòng)詞可以有時(shí)態(tài)變化,及物動(dòng)詞還可以有語(yǔ)態(tài)變化appear,come,follow,spring up,emerge,arrive,enter,等詞表示“突然出現(xiàn)”live,stand,exist,remain等詞表示“靜止,存在,有”There fell a deep silence.突然一片寂靜There remains one more test to be carried out before putting the instrument into operation.在使用這一

11、設(shè)備之前要完成一項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)Not long after this, there occurred a sudden revolution in public taste.此后不久,公眾的情趣發(fā)生了突然的變化There stands at the center of the square the Monument to the Peoples Heroes.人稱和數(shù)1. there be 句型中,be應(yīng)和后面的主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致.如果有兩個(gè)或更多的主語(yǔ),則與離動(dòng)詞最近的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一,即“就近原則”There is only a table, four chairs and a small bed

12、in the room.There are some peoples in the bowl.2. 如果主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,卻表示一筆金額或一個(gè)總數(shù)或表達(dá)一個(gè)單個(gè)概念時(shí),則仍用單數(shù)be形式.There is five hundred dollars to pay.There is still another 20 miles to drive.推薦精選There is duck and green vegetables for supper.與have區(qū)別1. 區(qū)別There be意為存在,強(qiáng)調(diào)某地有某物,不表示所屬關(guān)系；Have表示所有關(guān)系,強(qiáng)調(diào)某人或某地有某物,這是其基本用法.There ar

13、e some trees in front of the house.Tom has many friends in China.2. 相同點(diǎn)在表示結(jié)構(gòu)上的含有時(shí),既可以用there be句型,也可以用have（has）來(lái)表示.There are many long rivers in China./China has many long rivers.How many days are there in March?/How many days does March have?注意：兩者不能同時(shí)使用.固定句型“there be no+主語(yǔ)名詞”的習(xí)慣用法（=It is/was impossi

14、ble to+動(dòng)詞原形）動(dòng)名詞在“there be no”結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語(yǔ),表示“不可能”、“無(wú)法”.結(jié)構(gòu)為：“There be no doing=It be+impossible to+動(dòng)詞原形”There is no denying the fact that China is still a developing countryThere is no joking about such mattersThere is no telling what will happen to him nextThere is no holding back the wheel of history.歷史車

15、輪不可阻擋There is no bearing such rude remarks.如此粗話,叫人根本無(wú)法忍受there is no point動(dòng)名詞，表示"沒有必要","無(wú)用","沒有意義","沒有用處"例如：We are disappointed with the new officer elected in our bridge club,but there is no point worrying about itthere is no use 動(dòng)名詞,表示"無(wú)用","沒有意

16、義","沒有用處"例如：There is no use advising him to give up smokingthere is no good 動(dòng)名詞分詞,表示"無(wú)用","沒有意義","沒有用處","沒有益處"例如：There is no good discussing the matter with such a fool修飾主語(yǔ)在由"there be主語(yǔ)名詞"引起的句子中,修飾主語(yǔ)的情況1.在由"there be主語(yǔ)名詞"引起的句子中

17、,用來(lái)修飾主語(yǔ)的不定式可以用被動(dòng)形式,也可以用主動(dòng)形式.例如：There is no time to loseto be lostThere are still many things to take care ofto be taken care of在口語(yǔ)中多用主動(dòng)形式.但是有時(shí)候兩種形式可能表示不同的意思.試比較：There is nothing to do now（We have nothing to do now）There is nothing to be done now（We can do nothing now）There is nothing to see（nothing

18、worth seeing）There is nothing to be seen（nothing there at all）2.在由"there be主語(yǔ)名詞"引起的句子中,用來(lái)修飾主語(yǔ)的分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句.例如：There were 200children studying（who were studying）music,dancing,or dramaticsIs there anything planned（that has been planned）for tonight？【大展身手】1. If ever again _ happens an

19、accident like this, we will have only ourselves to blame.A. itB. soC. thereD. that2.Once he starts talking about Chinese or foreign affairs, ancient or modern, _.推薦精選A. there is no stopping of him B. he is not to stopC. there is no stopping him D. it is no stopping him3. Around the world _ may be as

20、 many as a million earthquakes in a single year.A. yet B. they C. there D. has there4. There is no point _ with him, since he has already made up his mind.A. argueB. to argueC. in arguingD. of arguing5. Where _ dirt, there are flies.A. there has B. is C. there is D. has there6. _ no air, there would

21、 be no life on the earth.A. There was B. There were C. Was there D. Were there7. He said, “_ a long way to school. _ a long way to go yet before we arrive.”A. It is There isB. There is It isC. It is It is D. There is There is8. The house improvements have taken _ little there is of my spare time.A.

22、how B. what C. that D. someKeys：1-5 CCCCC 6-10 DABthere be句型的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)表示“有”或“存在”（for）+there to be+賓格詞There be句型中be用不定式,形成“（for）there to be+賓格詞”結(jié)構(gòu),在“（for）there to be+賓格詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)中,主語(yǔ)是賓格詞.這種不定式在句中作邏輯主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ).通常用it作形式主語(yǔ),并且用for引導(dǎo)."there to be 賓格詞"在句中作主語(yǔ)Its a great pity for there to be much trouble in

23、 the company特別應(yīng)該注意的是："for there to be 賓格詞"在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)必須用介詞for引出there be后面的賓格詞又如：It is impossible for there to be any more applesFor there to be so few people in the streets was unusual"there to be賓格詞"在句中作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),通常用there to be,常作這樣一些詞的賓語(yǔ)：expect,like,mean,intend,want,prefer,hate等.The s

24、tudents expected there to be more reviewing classes before the final examsthere to be賓格詞"結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作動(dòng)詞expect的賓語(yǔ),句中的賓格詞more reviewing classes作"there to be"不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ).特別應(yīng)該注意的是there后的不定式只能用"to be"的形式,因?yàn)檫@種不定式結(jié)構(gòu)是從"there be"結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的.又如：I should prefer there to be no discussion

25、 of my private affairs.People dont want there to be another warMembers like there to be plenty of choiceIt is fairly common in Africa for there to be an ensemble of expert musicians surrounded by others who join in by clapping,singing or somehow adding to the totality of musical soundI dont want the

26、re to be any misunderstanding.我不想引起任何誤解（there to be 作賓語(yǔ)）"there to be賓格詞"結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作介詞for的賓語(yǔ),句中的賓格詞an ensemble of expert musicians作"there to be"不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)推薦精選"for there to be 賓格詞"在句中作狀語(yǔ)It isnt cold enough for there to be a frost tonight,so I can leave Jim s car out quite safe

27、ly（"for there to be賓格詞"作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)）特別應(yīng)該注意的是,"for there to be賓格詞"在句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)必須用介詞for引出there be后面的賓格詞.又如：For there to be successful communication,there must be attentiveness and involvement in the discussing itself by all present（"for there to be賓格詞"作目的狀語(yǔ)）They planned for there to

28、be another meeting（"for there to be賓格詞"作目的狀語(yǔ)）there being+賓格詞在there be句型中,be用現(xiàn)在分詞,形成“（of）there being+賓格詞”結(jié)構(gòu),在“（of）there being+賓格詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)中,主語(yǔ)是賓格詞.這種分詞在句中作邏輯主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ)"there being賓格詞"在句中作主語(yǔ)There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage.公共汽車站離家這么近是一個(gè)很有利的條件（There being a bus

29、用作主語(yǔ)）"there being賓格詞"結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作主語(yǔ)，句中的賓格詞a bus stop作"there being" V-ing分詞短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)"there being賓格詞"在句中作賓語(yǔ)Have you ever thought of there being so many work units for you to choose on the talents meeting？（"there being賓格詞"作賓語(yǔ)）No one would have dreamt of there being suc

30、h a fine place.誰(shuí)也沒想到會(huì)有這樣的一個(gè)好地方.（there being 在句子中作介詞of的賓語(yǔ).需注意的是,結(jié)構(gòu)若出現(xiàn)在介詞for的后面則要用動(dòng)詞不定式；若出現(xiàn)在其他介詞后面則要用動(dòng)名詞）"there being賓格詞"結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，句中的賓格詞so many work units作"there being"V-ing分詞短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ).又如：No one had told him anything about there being a beautiful story about the lake.John was

31、relying on there being another opportunity"there being 賓格詞"在句中作狀語(yǔ)There being no cause for alarm,she went back to her bedroom（"there being賓格詞"構(gòu)成獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu),在句中作原因狀語(yǔ)）There being no bus, we had to walk home.（“There being +賓格詞”構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),在句中作狀語(yǔ)）"there being賓格詞"結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語(yǔ),句中的賓格詞no caus

32、e作"there being" V-ing分詞短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ).又如：There having been a strong suspicion against the ability of the director,the department asked him to resign（"there being 賓格詞"作原因狀語(yǔ)）There being nothing to be done,they have to go back home（"there being賓格詞"作原因狀語(yǔ)）There being no further b

33、usiness,the chairman closed the meeting（"there being賓格詞"作原因狀語(yǔ)）there done+賓格詞在there be句型中,be用be+過去分詞,形成“there be+過去分詞+賓格詞”結(jié)構(gòu),在“there be+過去分詞+賓格詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)中,主語(yǔ)是賓格詞.There was found a lot of food in the kitchen cupboardThere are now published millions of books every year in ChinaThere was shown at the exhibition an electronic computer made in Shanghai【大展身手】推薦精選1.It isnt cold enough for there _ a frost tonight, so I can leave Jims car out quite safely.A. would be B.