《安農(nóng)大工程水文學(xué)》課程設(shè)計(jì)

1、安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)工學(xué)院工程水文學(xué)課程設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算書設(shè)計(jì)題目 石門卡水庫調(diào)算 姓 名 朱 鳴 學(xué) 號 14100283 專 業(yè) 14級農(nóng)業(yè)水利工程 指導(dǎo)教師 朱梅 中國·合肥二一六年三月28目 錄1.設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)32.基本資料33.設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容63.1 典型年選取63.2 水庫來水量計(jì)算63.3 農(nóng)業(yè)用水量計(jì)算63.4 工業(yè)用水量計(jì)算73.5 滲漏損失量計(jì)算73.6 蒸發(fā)損失計(jì)算83.7 生態(tài)需水計(jì)算9 3.8 本項(xiàng)目用水計(jì)算 9 3.9 水庫蓄水量及棄水量計(jì)算 9 3.10 水庫調(diào)算計(jì)算 10 3.11 設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果 10附表及附圖11附表1廣德縣流洞鎮(zhèn)流洞村流洞橋雨量站1966-2010年長系列降雨資

2、料11附圖1 頻率曲線圖24附表2 水庫調(diào)算計(jì)算表25 一、設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)分析某建設(shè)項(xiàng)目每年從石門卡水庫取水，水量是否夠用（95%保證率對應(yīng)年型）。二、基礎(chǔ)資料（1）廣德縣流洞鎮(zhèn)流洞村流洞橋雨量站1966-2010年長系列降雨資料（見附表1）；（2）石門卡水庫的基本資料；石門卡水庫的基本資料：石門卡水庫控制流域面積6.85km²，死水位為75.93m對應(yīng)的死庫容為3萬m³，設(shè)計(jì)洪水位85.85m，校核洪水位86.16m，正常蓄水位85.03m，總庫容277.3萬m³，興利庫容214.6萬m³，調(diào)洪庫容62.9萬m³。根據(jù)石門卡水庫除險(xiǎn)加固工程初步設(shè)計(jì)

3、報(bào)告水庫水位庫容關(guān)系見下表。 石門卡水庫水位庫容關(guān)系表水位（m）庫容（萬m³）水位（m）庫容（萬m³）水位（m）庫容（萬m³）74.000.078.5022.083.50145.074.500.579.0028.084.00166.075.001.079.5036.084.50191.075.502.080.0044.085.00216.075.933.080.5054.085.03217.676.003.181.0064.085.50243.076.505.581.5077.086.00270.077.008.082.0090.086.16277.377.501

4、2.082.50107.078.0016.083.00123.0說明：起調(diào)水位為81.2m，相應(yīng)的庫容為？萬m³。（3）旬降雨量和產(chǎn)流系數(shù)關(guān)系表；水庫的來水量主要是降雨徑流補(bǔ)給，經(jīng)過對降雨量的計(jì)算分析，選取典型年進(jìn)行水庫的調(diào)算。區(qū)間降水來水量按產(chǎn)流系數(shù)法推求，計(jì)算公式為：Q區(qū)間P××F上式中，Q區(qū)間區(qū)間產(chǎn)水量（萬m3），P為旬面降雨量（mm），為徑流系數(shù)，F(xiàn)為區(qū)間面積（km2）。根據(jù)相關(guān)計(jì)算成果，得各旬降雨量產(chǎn)流系數(shù)表 旬降雨量和產(chǎn)流系數(shù)表旬降雨量（mm）小于151530305050100大于100徑流系數(shù)（）00.250.350.450.55根據(jù)安徽省廣德縣石門

5、卡水庫除險(xiǎn)加固工程初步設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告（報(bào)批稿）石門卡水庫的匯水面積為6.85 km2。（4）水庫附近用水量情況。用水量分析石門卡水庫位于新杭鎮(zhèn)牛頭山村，屬在冊重點(diǎn)?。ㄒ唬┬退畮臁Ｋ畮斓募娣e6.58km2。水庫以灌溉、防洪為主，兼有工業(yè)用水和水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖功能。（1)農(nóng)業(yè)用水量水庫設(shè)計(jì)灌溉面積為2000畝，本次按照2000畝計(jì)算。根據(jù)相關(guān)規(guī)范，灌溉保證率為75%。根據(jù)計(jì)算，多年平均補(bǔ)充灌溉用水量55萬m3，p=75%保證率補(bǔ)充灌溉水量為66萬m3。由于灌溉技術(shù)水平的提高和灌溉工程的不斷完善，規(guī)劃水平年灌溉用水定額將有所降低，節(jié)約的灌溉用水量可用于增加灌溉面積，因此，規(guī)劃水平年的農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉用水量將與現(xiàn)狀水平

6、基本相當(dāng)。參照廣德縣盧村水庫及浙江省部分小型灌區(qū)的資料，渠系水利用系數(shù)為0.6。根據(jù)調(diào)查，水庫下游農(nóng)田主要種植單季稻，作物需水集中在69月。同時(shí)，參考廣德縣糧長門水庫工程水資源論證報(bào)告（報(bào)批稿），其毛灌溉定額及需水量如表5-4，其需水年內(nèi)分配系數(shù)見表5-5。表5-4 農(nóng)田毛灌溉定額及需水量計(jì)算表灌溉面積（畝）不同保證率灌溉定額（m3/畝）不同保證率需水（萬m3）50%75%90%50%75%90%2000290330360586672表5-5 廣德縣單季稻灌溉需水年內(nèi)分配月份123456合計(jì)各月用水比重0000048.3%100%月份789101112各月用水比重24.0%23.6%4.1%0

7、00（2）工業(yè)用水量經(jīng)調(diào)查，分析范圍內(nèi)以石門卡水庫為水源的企業(yè)有廣德獨(dú)山南方水泥有限公司。廣德獨(dú)山水泥有限公司取水量為96.32萬m3/a。（3）生活用水經(jīng)調(diào)查，該地區(qū)生活用水為自來水，不從石門卡水庫取水。（4）滲漏損失量滲漏損失量包括水庫對地下水補(bǔ)給損失和閘（壩）滲漏損失。閘（壩）滲漏損失量是指壩基、兩翼及周邊滲漏三部分之和。壩基滲漏一般有實(shí)測資料，其它兩項(xiàng)可根據(jù)水文地質(zhì)條件進(jìn)行經(jīng)驗(yàn)估算。沒有資料一般采用按閘蓄水量的百分比進(jìn)行推算，地質(zhì)良好地區(qū)為01%，地質(zhì)較差地區(qū)為1.53.0%。根據(jù)石門卡水庫水文地質(zhì)條件，閘（壩）滲漏損失量按上個(gè)旬平均蓄水量的1%進(jìn)行估算。（5）蒸發(fā)損失蒸發(fā)損失就是指水

8、庫蒸發(fā)損失。由于區(qū)域內(nèi)沒有蒸發(fā)量觀測資料，故借用臨近的廣德氣象站蒸發(fā)資料進(jìn)行計(jì)算。（6） 生態(tài)需水石門卡水庫建成以后，大壩下游河段減水，為保證減水段河道內(nèi)生態(tài)環(huán)境用水需要，需要從水庫下泄生態(tài)用水量。參考廣德地區(qū)的廣德縣糧長門水庫工程水資源論證報(bào)告（報(bào)批稿），在石門卡水庫壩址斷面處，河道內(nèi)生態(tài)需水用2個(gè)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行控制：1 最小生態(tài)流量以生態(tài)基流進(jìn)行控制，生態(tài)基流采用90%保證率月平均流量進(jìn)行估算，對于石門卡水庫，為0.013m³/s，每年下泄40萬m³。2 年內(nèi)生態(tài)環(huán)境總需水量以多年平均徑流量的百分比進(jìn)行確定，北方為1020%，南方為2030%。對于石門卡水庫，多年平均徑流量為

9、280.5萬m³，取20%，即56萬m³。因此石門卡水庫日常下泄最小生態(tài)流量為0.013m³/s，年內(nèi)還需另外下泄16萬m³的水量，以滿足河道內(nèi)生態(tài)環(huán)境總需水量56萬m³的要求。（7） 建設(shè)項(xiàng)目需水項(xiàng)目取水3504m3/d，項(xiàng)目系統(tǒng)年生產(chǎn)運(yùn)行時(shí)間為330天，年取水量115.63萬m3。3、 設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容3.1 典型年選取 根據(jù)資料統(tǒng)計(jì)出1966年2010年的降雨量，并繪制出頻率曲線如附圖1，可得95%對應(yīng)的數(shù)值為840.2，所以選取的典型年是1996年10月1997年9月。3.2 水庫來水量計(jì)算水庫的來水量主要是降雨徑流補(bǔ)給，經(jīng)過對典型年降雨量的計(jì)

10、算分析，可得下表：區(qū)間來水量（萬m3）上旬中旬下旬PFQ區(qū)間PFQ區(qū)間PFQ區(qū)間67.90.456.85209.30 006.850.00 2.406.850.00 33.60.356.8580.56 2.806.850.00 1306.850.00 16.20.256.8527.74 106.850.00 1.306.850.00 5.706.850.00 16.20.256.8527.74 19.40.256.8533.22 31.50.356.8575.52 006.850.00 15.20.256.8526.03 36.30.356.8587.03 34.80.356.8583.43

11、7.506.850.00 20.20.256.8534.59 4.106.850.00 4.106.850.00 32.50.356.8577.92 55.40.456.85170.77 8.706.850.00 52.70.456.85162.45 6.906.850.00 22.10.256.8537.85 141.90.556.85534.61 18.80.256.8532.20 30.60.356.8573.36 28.20.256.8548.29 53.60.456.85165.22 540.456.85166.46 4.106.850.00 0.706.850.00 7.306.8

12、50.00 3.3 農(nóng)業(yè)用水量計(jì)算根據(jù)資料，可算得每月、每旬的農(nóng)業(yè)用水量如下表所示： 農(nóng)業(yè)用水計(jì)算（萬m3）月份灌溉水量利用系數(shù)百分比每月用水量每旬用水量10660.600011660.600012660.60001660.60002660.60003660.60004660.60005660.60006660.60.48353.1317.71 7660.60.2426.48.80 8660.60.23625.968.65 9660.60.0414.511.50 3.4 工業(yè)用水計(jì)算根據(jù)資料，可算得每旬的工業(yè)用水定額如下表所示：工業(yè)用水計(jì)算工業(yè)用水量（萬m3）每旬用水量（萬m3）96.322.

13、683.5 滲漏損失量計(jì)算根據(jù)石門卡水庫水文地質(zhì)條件以及每上個(gè)旬平均蓄水量，可算得每旬的滲漏損失量如下表所示：滲漏計(jì)算 上個(gè)旬平均蓄水量（萬m3）百分比滲漏損失量（萬m3）69.20 0.010.69 270.28 0.012.70 260.07 0.012.60 249.96 0.012.50 320.50 0.013.21 309.76 0.013.10 299.15 0.012.99 316.38 0.013.16 305.72 0.013.06 295.17 0.012.95 284.73 0.012.85 302.13 0.013.02 324.85 0.013.25 389.64

14、0.013.90 378.27 0.013.78 393.03 0.013.93 468.62 0.014.69 539.89 0.015.40 527.02 0.015.27 548.84 0.015.49 535.87 0.015.36 523.03 0.015.23 588.20 0.015.88 745.54 0.017.46 730.54 0.017.31 860.39 0.018.60 826.52 0.018.27 830.86 0.018.31 1340.85 0.0113.41 1343.31 0.0113.43 1386.94 0.0113.87 1405.20 0.011

15、4.05 1540.21 0.0115.40 1675.12 0.0116.75 1649.26 0.0116.49 1623.67 0.0116.24 3.6 蒸發(fā)損失計(jì)算根據(jù)資料，1996年10月1997年9月每旬蒸發(fā)損失如下表所示：蒸發(fā)計(jì)算年份月旬蒸發(fā)損失（萬m3）199610上旬0.08 10中旬0.06 10下旬0.06 11上旬0.07 11中旬0.08 11下旬0.06 12上旬0.06 12中旬0.05 12下旬0.04 19971上旬0.04 1中旬0.04 1下旬0.03 2上旬0.03 2中旬0.02 2下旬0.04 3上旬0.06 3中旬0.02 3下旬0.02 4上旬

16、0.05 4中旬0.03 4下旬0.03 5上旬0.07 5中旬0.10 5下旬0.09 6上旬0.13 6中旬0.11 6下旬0.08 7上旬0.06 7中旬0.08 7下旬0.05 8上旬0.06 8中旬0.06 8下旬0.05 9上旬0.16 9中旬0.15 9下旬0.09 3.7 生態(tài)需水計(jì)算根據(jù)資料，為保證減水段河道內(nèi)生態(tài)環(huán)境用水需要，從水庫下泄生態(tài)用水量如下表所示：生態(tài)需水計(jì)算生態(tài)需水量（萬m3）每旬下泄水量（萬m3）561.563.8 本項(xiàng)目用水計(jì)算根據(jù)項(xiàng)目要求，可算得本項(xiàng)目每旬用水量如下表所示：本項(xiàng)目用水計(jì)算年用水量（萬m3）每旬用水量（萬m3）115.633.213.9 水庫

17、蓄水量及棄水量計(jì)算根據(jù)以上計(jì)算結(jié)果，可算得水庫蓄水量及棄水量如下表所示：水庫蓄水量計(jì)算年份月旬-產(chǎn)水量水庫蓄水量棄水量69.2199610上旬201.08 270.28 217.652.68 10中旬-10.21 260.07 217.642.47 10下旬-10.11 249.96 217.632.36 11上旬70.54 320.50 217.6102.90 11中旬-10.74 309.76 217.692.16 11下旬-10.61 299.15 217.681.55 12上旬17.23 316.38 217.698.78 12中旬-10.66 305.72 217.688.12 12

18、下旬-10.55 295.17 217.677.57 19971上旬-10.44 284.73 217.667.13 1中旬17.40 302.13 217.684.53 1下旬22.72 324.85 217.6107.25 2上旬64.79 389.64 217.6172.04 2中旬-11.37 378.27 217.6160.67 2下旬14.76 393.03 217.6175.43 3上旬75.59 468.62 217.6251.02 3中旬71.27 539.89 217.6322.29 3下旬-12.87 527.02 217.6309.42 4上旬21.82 548.84

19、217.6331.24 4中旬-12.97 535.87 217.6318.27 4下旬-12.84 523.03 217.6305.43 5上旬65.17 588.20 217.6370.60 5中旬157.34 745.54 217.6527.94 5下旬-15.00 730.54 217.6512.94 6上旬129.85 860.39 217.6642.79 6中旬-33.87 826.52 217.6608.92 6下旬4.34 830.86 217.6613.26 7上旬509.99 1340.85 217.61123.25 7中旬2.46 1343.31 217.61125.71

20、 7下旬43.63 1386.94 217.61169.34 8上旬18.26 1405.20 217.61187.60 8中旬135.01 1540.21 217.61322.61 8下旬134.91 1675.12 217.61457.52 9上旬-25.86 1649.26 217.61431.66 9中旬-25.59 1623.67 217.61406.07 9下旬-25.28 1598.39 217.61380.79 3.10 水庫調(diào)算根據(jù)以上各項(xiàng)計(jì)算結(jié)果，可得水庫調(diào)算計(jì)算表如附表2所示3.11 設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果根據(jù)計(jì)算和分析，此建設(shè)項(xiàng)目每年從石門卡水庫取水，水量夠用（95%保證率對應(yīng)年型）

21、。附表一：年月上旬中旬下旬合計(jì)1966100001966200001966300001966400001966518.812.831.663.2196661.219.4111.1131.719667134.618.923.517719668057.51.55919669111.205.6116.819661013.402336.41966110.246.4450.61966120.24644.190.3196714.60.81419.41967212.27.523.743.41967331.85.399.7136.81967475.389.75221719675519325.5169.5196

22、767.213.745.866.71967780.34.59.294196781.916.25.223.31967985.83.41.190.31967100000196711000019671200001968100001968200001968300001968448.850.49.6108.819685120.145.227.3192.6196863.210.266.279.6196875332.7085.71968848.715.540.5104.71968916.329.91.747.919681059.514073.519681100001968120000196910000196

23、920000196930000196948.239.146.393.61969536.562.36.3105.11969669.824.319113.119697249.984.90334.81969857.534.6125.4217.51969961051.9112.91969100000196911000019691200001970100001970200001970300001970418.521.244.283.91970530.731.580.9143.119706106.369.4108.4284.1197071.9223.953.9279.719708103.42.152.71

24、58.21970914.1617.482.51970100000197011000019701200001971100001971200001971300001971440.81011.862.6197154323.41884.419716111.81318250.81971731036671971815.6023.238.81971919.785.356.8161.819711094.7010.8105.51971114004197112003737197214.6022.927.5197227223.830.21261972319.5552094.51972438.321.21978.51

25、972544.84.88.658.21972617.822.6139.5179.9197275.69.825.6411972895.218.152.8166.1197297.423.91142.319721088.8932.6130.419721142.235.6077.819721208.628.236.81973114.68.88.6321973232.345.678.2156.1197334412.722.178.81973433.27655.2164.41973560.271.670201.8197361.813088.6220.4197378.224.313.245.71973820

26、.6055.275.81973991.286.640.22181973103.231.80351973112.6002.6197312000019741119.838.2591974234.32515.674.91974322.4122.245.61974418.2101.24.4123.81974517.84910.677.4197468.8108.8113.42311974731.559.8152.2243.5197480.660.830.6921974903303319741067.228.45.6101.21974112.250.5052.719741234.914.667116.51

27、97519.63.61427.21975256.62024100.61975313.817.414.8461975450.654.878.61841975521.261.44.887.41975634.818.4202255.21975764.217.634.8116.6197585737.322.2116.51975934.667.227.8129.619751037413711519751149.527.3076.819751252.101.853.91976101.413.815.2197621.440.825.267.41976325.253.218.296.61976417.4394

28、7.2103.61976554.22129.2104.41976660.841.2132.4234.41976717.642.2059.819768021.441.6631976958.122.43.684.11976105641.652.6197611741.4048.419851236.82.216.455.4197611115.82652.81977230.54.414.649.5197731660.441.8118.21977412.625.4122160197755744.340.3141.619776177.339.750.1267.11977757.5148.54.1210.11

29、977820.548.571.3140.3197792.521574291.5197710129.5032161.5197711210021197712320.468.4100.81977103322.555.519782011.9011.91978328.727.335.391.3197848.514.720.343.51978512.78.931.252.81978681.662.316159.91978713.477.146.1136.619788031.31.432.71978907.229.937.119781038.81.729.469.9197811718.55.631.1197

30、8122.2014.216.419781139.316.438.7197922.1227.531.6197932.513119.7135.21979428.564.343.6136.41979541.543.61.286.31979627.68.172.6108.31979716.785.446.4148.51979856.547.330.7134.5197991.29.825.336.319791032.10032.1197911024.71.726.41979121410.324.648.91979108.511.319.81980221.711.719.452.819803039.788

31、.1127.81980456.712.233.4102.3198054.441.413.659.41980617104.423.3144.71980759.439.341.5140.21980871.5142.2128.4342.11980929.983.217.1130.219801011.237.717.466.31980111.64.67.513.71980120000198015.25.227.838.21981212.730.227.870.719813014.2119.9134.1198149.216.10.325.61981563.24.638.5106.319816129.51

32、.4202.7333.6198178.487.155.4150.91981865.648.135.4149.1198192914.81154.819811038.71620.875.519811186.8052.1138.919811285.92.51.489.81981102.121.623.71982211.411.314.437.1198239.948.72583.61982431.525.128.585.1198253549.96.191198263.427.194.4124.91982720.1212.332.62651982818.416.492.6127.41982921.619

33、.5546.11982102.72.228.533.41982111512.351.278.519821226.701.528.21982121.214338.2198328.81.333.243.3198333.7025.629.3198342687.246.81601983529.14880.6157.71983676.5111.6300.6488.71983739.333.4072.719838170.20.96.4177.51983923.3250.52.1275.919831063.874.541.4179.7198311171.500171.5198312148.39.832.11

34、9831066.79.776.419842013.415.228.61984311.334.634.880.7198440.243.3750.51984523.381.317.6122.21984659.9262.424.734719847114.314.629.5158.41984888.437.732.8158.91984916.910.83.230.9198410199.220201.219841138.625.3063.919841214.566.6081.1198412.23.96.712.81985217.715.42861.11985389.82.970.31631985437.

35、49.24.350.91985526.256.917.5100.61985617.539.445.4102.31985774.17.385.6167198582320.437.6811985952.965.87.312619851014.658.261133.81985116.8053.860.619851229.705.435.11986109.9615.9198622.48010.41986317.866.112.896.71986478.49.260.7148.31986517.73.922.4441986617.4141.9239.1398.41986772.318.442.2132.

36、91986811.525.731.468.61986929.157.16.592.71986103.36.65463.91986117.632.33.643.5198612022.63.325.91987112.518.5738198720.641.20.141.91987342.161.651.1154.81987445.425.437.1107.91987522.260.730.11131987671.154.423.6149.119877263.771.9117.6453.2198783.728.480.5112.61987980.274.71.6156.5198710034.349.7

37、8419871113.97.67.5291987120000198819.310.311.130.7198821.922.683.9108.41988307246.9118.91988412.622.414.149.11988574.418.946.2139.5198860.765.150.4116.219887171.564.983.41988826.766.532.7125.91988934.824.729.58919881086.39.824.119881103031988122.501.94.41989113.544.15.663.2198925.738.154.698.4198932

38、1.228.325.474.91989449.720.283.5153.41989538.32.752.593.51989654.471.318.8144.519897125.417209.4351.81989877.13.290.1170.41989927.716317.7208.4198910019.23.522.719891136.930.540.419891200.733.934.6199018.747.94.761.31990245.940.448.5134.81990311.51743.972.41990460.335.4100.9196.61990514.22.4137.7154

39、.31990641.31241.694.91990755.62.81.359.71990837.410.9150.71991990926.67312.2111.81990103.270.616.890.6199011538.72.364199012019.248.667.8199116.912.619.839.31991216.719.547.8841991322.637.566.4126.51991458.932.911102.81991558.251.849.8159.81991645.728.612.286.519917183.5216.23.9403.619918106.631.50.2138.31991986.3014100.319911028.427.10.155.619911120.822.525.31991120030.130.119921160.223.439.61992211.21.55.918.61992335.2089.3124.5199248.817