2022年2022年高一現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解及練習(xí)

1、精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解及練習(xí)（含答案）一 基本結(jié)構(gòu)： 助動(dòng)詞 have/has+過去分詞 done二句型：否定句：主語(yǔ) +have/has+not+ 過去分詞 +其他 .一般疑問句： have/has+ 主語(yǔ) +過去分詞 +其他 .簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ) : yes、 主語(yǔ)+ have/has.確定 no、主語(yǔ)+ haven't/hasn't. 否定 三用法（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果i have spent all of my money so far. 含義為 :現(xiàn)在我沒有錢花了. guo zijun has just/al

2、ready come.含義：郭子君現(xiàn)在在這兒my father has gone to work. 含義為 :我爸爸現(xiàn)在不在這兒（2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以用來表示發(fā)生在過去某一時(shí)刻的、連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作 （用行為動(dòng)詞表示）或狀態(tài)（ be 動(dòng)詞表示）常與for （ +時(shí)間段） 、since（ +時(shí)間點(diǎn)或過去時(shí)的句子）連用.for+ 時(shí)段since+過去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)（譯為：自從以來）since+時(shí)段 +agosince+從句（過去時(shí)） it is+ 時(shí)段 +since+ 從句（過去時(shí)） mary has been ill for three days.i have lived here since 1998

3、.四has gone to、has been to、 has been in的區(qū)分have/has goneto : 去了 現(xiàn)在不在說話現(xiàn)場(chǎng) where is your father ？ he has gone to shanghai. have/has been to : 去過（已不在去過的地方） my father has been to shanghai.have/has been in：呆了多久（仍在所呆的地方）my father has been in shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.五現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含

4、義之一為過去完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響、用以下四大標(biāo)志詞可以表達(dá)這種含義 :* 以 already、 just和 yet 為標(biāo)志he has already got her help. 他已得到她的幫忙；he has just seen the film. 他剛剛看過這場(chǎng)電影；he hasn't come back yet. 他仍沒有回來；* 以 ever 和 never 為標(biāo)志this is the best film i have ever seen.這為我曾經(jīng)看過的最好的一部電影；he has never been to beijing.他從沒有到過北京；* 以動(dòng)作發(fā)生的次數(shù)為標(biāo)志

5、精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載he says he has been to the usa three times. 他說他已經(jīng)去過美國(guó)三次了；* 以 so far（到目前為止）為標(biāo)+beforehe has got to beijing so far.到目前為止他已到了北京；she has passed the examso far. 到目前為止她已經(jīng)通過了考試；2.過去已經(jīng)開頭的動(dòng)作始終連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在、 甚至有可能連續(xù)連續(xù)下去、我們可以從動(dòng)作“連續(xù) ”的特性和 “時(shí)間 ”點(diǎn)段的區(qū)分入手、進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；* for+ 時(shí)段 since+過去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)（過去從句）為標(biāo)志留意：

6、1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能單獨(dú)與過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用、 如 yesterday、last week、 three years ago等 ;2不能與 when 連用3 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)往往同表示不確定的過去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用六 瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞（ buy、die、join、come ,go 、leave、join）不能直接與for和 since 連用；要轉(zhuǎn)變動(dòng)詞buy-haveborrow -keepcome/arrive/reach/get to-be ingo out-be out leave -be awaybegin-be onfinish-be overopen-be openclose -be closeddie-

7、be dead1.have 代替 buymy brother has had 不能用 has bought this bike for almost four years.2.用 keep 或 have 代替 borrowi have kept 不能用 have borrowed the book for quite a few days.3.用 be 替代 becomehow long has your sister been a teacher.4.用 have a cold 代替 catch a coldtom has had a cold since the day before ye

8、sterday.5.a用 wear 代替 put on精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載b 用“ be形容詞 ”代終止性動(dòng)詞精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載1.be married 代 marry2.be ill 代 fall get ill3.be dead 代 die4.be asleep 代 fall get asleep5.be awake 代 wake/wake up6.be gone 代 lose、die、sell、leave7.be open 代 open8.be closed 代 close/shut9.be missinggone、lost 代 lo

9、se精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載c用“ be1.“ be副詞 ”代終止性動(dòng)詞on”代 start、begin精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載2.“ be up”代 get up精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載3.“ bebackto代 ”return to、come back to、go back to精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載4.“ be here there代 com”earrive、reach、get here 或 go arrive、reach、get there 等等精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載d 用

10、“ be介詞短語(yǔ) ”代終止性動(dòng)詞精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載1.“ be in/ta+地點(diǎn) ”代替 go to /come to2.用 be in the army代替 join the army3.“ be in/at +地點(diǎn) ”代替 move to現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)一.單項(xiàng)挑選；1.both his parents look sad . maybe they what's happened to him . （呼和浩特） . knew . have known . must know .will know2.he has been to shanghai 、 has

11、he . already .never.ever . still3.have you met mr li？. just . ago .before . a moment ago4.the famous writer one new book in the past two years . is writing .was writing.wrote .has written5. our country a lot so far . yes . i hope it will be even . has changed well . changed good . has changed better

12、. changed better 6.zhao lan already in this school for two years . was studying . will study . has studied . are studying7.we xiao li since she was a little girl . know . had known . have known. knew8.harry potter is a very nice film .i it twice . will see. have seen . saw .see9. these farmers have

13、been to the united states . really . when there . will they go. did they go . do they go . have they gone10. you your homework yet . yes . i it a moment ago . . did do finished . have done finished . have done have finished . will do finish11 . his father the party since 1978 . joined . has joined.

14、was in . has been in12. do you know him well . sure .we friends since ten years ago . were . have been . have become . have made13. how long have you here . about two months . been . gone . come. arrived14. hurry up. the play for ten minutes . has begun . had begun . has been on . began精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料

15、- - - 歡迎下載15. it ten years since he left the army . is. has . will. was 16 . miss green isn't in the office . she to the library .has gone. went.will go . has been17. my parents shandong for ten years . have been in . have been to. have gone to . have been18. the students have cleaned the classr

16、oom、 .a. so theyb. don t theyc. have theyd. haven t they19 . has mr white been a member of greener china since he to china.a. how soon、 comesb. how often、 gotc. how long、 camed. how far、 arrived20 . his uncle for more than 9 years.a. has come hereb. has started to workc. has lived thered. has left t

17、he university二.句型轉(zhuǎn)換；1.he has never surfed、 .（改成反意疑問句）2.they have been here since 2000. 對(duì)劃線部分提問they been here.3.the old man last year. he for a year. die（動(dòng)詞填空）4.this factory opened twenty years ago. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 this factory for twenty years.5.miss gao left an hour ago. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 miss gao an hour ago.6.her moth

18、er has been a party member for three years . （同義句） her mother the party three years .7.the green family moved to france two years ago. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 two years the green family moved to france.8.the bus has arrived here. it arrived ten minutes ago. 把兩個(gè)句子合并成一個(gè)句子三.漢譯英；1. 吉姆已做完作業(yè),他現(xiàn)在有空了；2. 他昨天收到一封信；3. 我父親以前到過長(zhǎng)城

19、；4. 她仍沒有看過那部新電影；5. 她去過上海；6. 他這些天上哪兒去了？參考答案：一.單項(xiàng)挑選；1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響,或過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作仍未終止,始終連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或?qū)?重點(diǎn)在于對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響；這種考查難度較大,往往無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),需要從上下文分析.推理才行；故上兩側(cè)依據(jù)上下文分析.推理,正確答案為 ；精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載2.現(xiàn)在完成常常與already（已經(jīng)）, just （剛剛,正好）,ever（曾經(jīng)）, never（從來,也不；從不）,before（以前）, yet（仍舊）等連用；故2 應(yīng)選 b ；3.c4.現(xiàn)在完成常常與recentl

20、y （近來）, so far （到目前為止）,in the past/“ la一st段+時(shí)間 ”等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用； 由于上述短語(yǔ)表示的為從現(xiàn)在起往前推算的一段時(shí)間,句中的動(dòng)作為從過 去某一時(shí)間或時(shí)刻開頭連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的；故4 應(yīng)選 d ；5.c6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常常與“ for +時(shí)間段或since +過去時(shí)間點(diǎn) ”連用（含從句,從句過去時(shí)）；故6 應(yīng)選 c；7.c8.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)仍與once（一次）, twice （兩次）, three times （三次）, several times（幾次）等表示重復(fù)次數(shù)的詞語(yǔ)連用；故8 應(yīng)選 b；9.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)簡(jiǎn)單混淆,就為由于它們所表示的動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過去,但二者又有區(qū)分： 一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的事.存在的狀態(tài)或常常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,說話的側(cè)重點(diǎn)在于陳述一件過去的事情,與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系的發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作,它不與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（如yesterday 、 last week 、 a moment ago 等）連用；故 9 的正確答案為b ；10. b1