成考專升本高等數(shù)學(xué)

1、Unit 9 When was it invented?1.What are they used for ? 他們用來做什么 ? They are used for seeing in the dark2.be invented by( him) 被 - 發(fā)明3.You are alone on an island 單獨在島上4.listen to music all day 整天聽音樂5.by mistake 錯誤的 / make mistakes 犯錯誤6.salty enough 夠咸 /鹽7.in the end= at last=finally最后8.a chef called To

2、m - 一個名叫 Tom 的廚師9.by accident 偶然的10 .not until 直到 ( He didn t go until I came back )11 .according to 根據(jù)，按照12 .in this way 這樣 / in the way 擋路 / on one s way to 去 -路上13.fall into 落入，陷入14.decide (not)to do sth. 決定（不）做某事15.in the sixth century 在第六世紀(jì)16.I prefer lemons to oranges / prefer doing sth to doi

3、ng sth 比 -更喜歡prefer to do sth rather than do sth = would rather do stn than do sth 寧愿做 - 而不愿1. 被動語態(tài)(1). 被動語態(tài)表示句子的主語是謂語動詞所表示的動作承受者。(2). 被動語態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)： be+及物動詞的過去分詞(如果是不用物動詞，其過去分詞應(yīng)帶有相應(yīng)的介詞)(3). 被動語態(tài)中的 be 是助動詞，有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化。一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)為：am/is/are+過去分詞一般過去時被動語態(tài)為：was/were+ 過去分詞與情態(tài)動詞連用的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞+ be + 過去分詞(4). 被動語態(tài)

4、中動作的發(fā)出者或執(zhí)行者做介詞by 的賓語，放在句末，by 表示“由，被”的意思 如何理解被動語態(tài)？ 為取勝更清晰、更深刻地理解被動語態(tài)的含義，可以將主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)進行比較。主動語態(tài)：主語 +謂語動詞+賓語+ 其他成分被動語態(tài)：主語 + be +過去分詞+ by + 賓語+其他成分如：Many peoplespeak English.被動語態(tài)Englishis spokenby many peop le.2. 本單元要掌握的句型見課本 P69 中的 Grammar Focus3. invent v. 發(fā)明 inventor n. 發(fā)明家 invention n. 發(fā)明 可數(shù)名詞4.

5、 be used for doing 用來做 ( 是被動語態(tài) ) 如：Pens are used for writing. 筆是用來寫的。Pens aren t used for eating. 筆不是用來吃的。給某人某樣?xùn)|西give sth. to sb.如： I gave a pen to him. 我給他一支筆。give sb. sth.如： I gave him a pen. 我給他一支筆。6. all day 整天1 / 87. salty adj. 咸的 salt n. 鹽8. by mistake 錯誤地 如： I took the umbrella by mistake. 我不

6、小心拿錯了雨傘。9. make sb./sth. +形容詞 使 怎么樣It made me happy. 它使我高興make sb./sth. +名詞讓 做 It made me laugh. 它讓我發(fā)笑10. by accident 意外 偶然 I met her by accident at bus stop. 我在公共汽車站意外地見到了她。11. notuntil直到 才做 如：I didn t go to bed until I finished my work.我直到完成我的工作才去睡覺。12. according to + 名詞根據(jù) 如：according to an legend

7、according to this article 根據(jù)這篇文章根據(jù)一個神話13. over an open fire 野飲14. leaf n. 葉子復(fù)數(shù)形式leaves15. nearby adj. 附近的如： the nearby river16. fall into落入 掉進 如： The leaf fell into the river.葉子落入了河里。fall down 摔倒如：She fell down from her bike.她從她自行車摔倒了。17. quite 非常 adv. 與冠詞 a 連用時，冠詞 a 必須放在它的后面如： quite a beautiful gir

8、l 一個漂亮的女孩very 非常 adv. 與冠詞 a 連用時，冠詞a 必須放在它的前面如：a very beautiful girl一個漂亮女孩注：當(dāng)不與冠詞a 連用時，兩者可以互用如：I am very happy.= I am quite happy. 我非常高興。18. in the way 這樣19. pleased adj. 表示外部因素引起人發(fā)自內(nèi)心的欣慰和愉快pleasant adj. 愉快 高興 指天氣、時間、旅行令人高興愉快please v. 使高興 使同意20. battery operated adj. 電池控制的是名詞 +動詞的運動分詞構(gòu)成的合成形容詞21. in t

9、he sixth century 在第 6 世紀(jì)22. travel around 周游23. more than = over 超過 如： more than 300 = over 300 超過 30024. including prep. 介詞 包括 可以與名詞和動名詞連用如 : Six people, including a baby, were hurt. 6 個人包括一個小孩受傷了。25. have been played 被上演是現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)：have /has been +過去分詞26. be born 出生 He was born in Can

10、ada. 他在加拿大出生27. safety n. 安全 safe adj. 安全的28. knock into 撞上 (某人 )29. divide sth. into將 劃分成 .通常指將一個整體分成幾個對應(yīng)相對的部分如：Let s divide ourselves into 4groups. 讓我們把我們自己劃成4 組。30. since then 自從那以后常與完成時態(tài)連用 如：Since then, I have left Beijing.自從那以后，我已經(jīng)離開了北京。練習(xí)題詞匯 :1. About 5000 cars were p_ in the factory last mont

11、h.2. This class is too large. We shall have to d_ it.3. The price of oil has r_ to $100 a bucket.2 / 84. Of the 7 brothers only 4 now r_, the rest are dead.5. She was wearing a new dress, but he didn t even n_ it.6. After reading the letter, he t_ it in the waste-paper basket.7. Please k_ on the doo

12、r before entering.8. I hope we re not moving t_ the war again.9. Xi an is the city where many a_ emperors made the capital.10. Today is so cold. The temperature is b_ zero.1.If more time(give), we can do it better.2.I(tell) to attend a meeting just now.3.My shoes are worn out. Can they(mend)?4.That

13、room(use) as a hotel.5.Lisa(hear) to sing a song in her bedroom just now .6.The song “ Tiankong ”(sing) by Tan Jing in both Chinese and English.7.The Olympic Games(hold) every four years.8.That building is part of Shanghai s history. It(build) many years ago.9. Has anyone(choose) to be the host of t

14、he charity show? Sorry, I don t know.10.They re used for _(cut) things.11.It gives people more time _(work)and play every day.12.He has a lot of _(invent).13.When _the paper_(invent)?14.The famous _has_(invent)a few kinds of new toys.15.They are used for_(change) the style of the shoes.根據(jù)句意和首字母提示，填寫

15、恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，使句子通順、正確(30 分)1. Ice cream tastes s_ .2. Lemonade tastes s_ .3. The chicken is not s_ enough,please add some salt on it.4. C_ potato chips taste good.5. China is an a_ country.6. The follower give out a p_ smell.7.This kind of keys are made of m_.8.Watercan turn into ice when the temperature i

16、s b_ zero.9.The cars are m_ in this factory.10. H the milk until it boils.11. That old fisherman is walking t the river.12. The story happened in the eighteenth c.13. Canada p high-quality wheat.14. My sister is not as a as she used to be. She is quiet now .15. The length(長短 ) of the seat belt(安全帶 )

17、on a plane are a _.二.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. The students dont know the _ (different).2. Knives are used for _ (cut) .3. English is the most widely_ (speak) in the world.3 / 84. English is spoken as the _ (one) language by most people in the U. S. A.5. He couldn t get into the house because the door _ (lock)

18、.6. I think English is very _ (use), too.7. _ (travel) also use computers.8. He spoke very _ (clear), so it was easy to follow him .9. China is one of the _ (large) countries in the world .10.Three quarters of the _ (world) books are written in English .單項選擇（） 1. Sam, you hair is too long and it loo

19、ks dirty. You d better _ it _.A. have, to cutB. get, cuttingC. have, cutD.get, cutted（） 2. -Your dress is so nice. -Thanks! It _ by my uncle as a birthday present.A. gaveB. was givenC. has givenD. will give（） 3. The new bridge over the Yuan Shui River_last year.A.builtB.was builtC.has builtD. is bui

20、lt（） 4 .All the books will _ to the children who live in the small village.A. be sentB. sentC. be sendD. send（） 5.Which language is the most widely _ in the world?A.speakingB.speakC.spokeD. spoken .（） 6. When _ the car _?A. did, inventB. was, inventedC. does, inventD. in, invented（） 7. Jack _ leave

21、_ his teacher comes back.A. doesn t, untilB. /, untilC. won t, /D. won t, until（） 8. Keys _ used for _ the doors.A. is, openingB. is, openedC. are, openingD. are opened（） 9. My mother told me that my homework must _ on time.A. finishB. be finishC. be finishedD. finished（） 10. Was a car invented _ Ma

22、rch 4, 1876?A. onB. inC. atD. of（） 11. The man is made _ some extra hours.A. workB. to workC. workedD. working（） 12. This is my new pen. It _me 18 yuan.A. costB. spent C. paidD. took（） 13. When _ the car _?A. did, inventB. was, invented C. does, inventD. is, invented（） 14. A talk on Chinese history

23、_ in the school hall next Tuesday.A. be givenB. has givenC. will be givenD. will give（） 15. The number of teachers in our school _ 60 and a number of them_male teachers.A. is 。 areB. are。 isC.am。 areD. be。 are（） 16. Please take the medicine three times a day, _ it won t work well.A. andB. butC. orD.

24、 so4 / 8（） 17. The boy was often seen _ on the sports ground.A. to playB. playC. playedD. to playing（） 18. Gilbert _ electricity, but Edison _ the light bulb.A. discovered 。 createdB. invented 。 discoveredC. found 。 createdD.discovered。invented（） 19. He found _ very difficult _ the math problem.A. t

25、hat 。 to solveB. this 。 solving C. himself 。 solveD.it 。tosolve（）20. Now many Chinese farmers like traveling from one place to _ to enjoy thebeautiful views of our country.A. otherB. othersC. the othersD. Another（ ） 1. The bridge _ by the farmers themselves in 1982.A. builtB. was builtC. buildD. was

26、 build（ ） 2. All the books will _ to the children who live in the small village.A. be sentB. sentC. be sendD. send（ ） 3. Keys _ used for _ the doors.A. is, openingB. is, openedC. are, openingD. are opened（ ） 4. My mother told me that my homework must _ on time.A. finishB. be finishC. be finishedD. f

27、inished（ ） 5. Its used for _ clearly in the dark.A. seeingB. seeC. lookingD. look按要求完成下列句子(5)1. People believe that Bell invented the first telephone in 1876.( 改為同義句 )_ _ _ that Bell invented the first telephone in 1876.2. They were invented by Julie Thompson( 對劃線部分提問 )_ _ they invented _?3. I was a

28、sked to play the piano .( 對劃線部分提問)_ _ you _to do ?4. The water is used for watering the flowers( 對劃線部分提問)_ _the water used for ?5. They stayed there until 11 o clock. ( 同義句 )They _ leave there _11 o clock.七、選詞填空 (15)makedevelopuntilbytirebecausetheydrawlargegoodgoonlyinventfordangerThe bicycle is on

29、e of the simplest yet most useful inventions in the world. What is most surprising is that it was not _1_ earlier, although the great inventor Leonardo da Vinci had_2_ pictures for bicycles and also _3_ flyingmachines and some other things. Those5 / 8things were not produced _4_ long after he died.A

30、 person riding a bicycle uses very energy _5_ the bicycle move, and there is no pollutionat all when you are riding. Even so, in _6_ countries, most people don t travel to work _7_ bicycle. It is not _8_ the bicycles are expensive or people feel _9_ if they ride to work. It s because the number of c

31、ars on the roads becomes _10_, it certainly becomes_11_ to ride a bicycle. As a result, more people put _12_ bikes away and go to work in their cars, and in this way, the situation is made more serious. Perhaps the _13_ way to make riding safer and more popular is to create paths _14_ for bicycles,

32、and to make it so difficult and expensive for drivers to take their cars into the city that they _15_ back to use their bicycles.句型轉(zhuǎn)換 (10 分 )1、 She was seen to come out of the library by him. （變?yōu)橹鲃诱Z態(tài)）He _ _ _ out of the library.2、 When are trees often planted?（變?yōu)橹鲃诱Z態(tài)）When _ people often _ _?3、 The L

33、eague was founded in Guangzhou in 1922. （提問劃線部分）_ _ the League _ in Guangzhou?4、 Did the students wear the school clothes a lot ? （變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)）_ the school clothes _ a lot?5、 Kate took good care of the baby yesterday evening? （變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)） The baby _ _ _ well by Kate yesterday evening.四、情景交際， (根據(jù)課本內(nèi)容完成對話，每空一詞

34、20 分）Julia:Hi,Clinton.Clinton:Hi,Julia.Julia:Do you know shoes1adjustable heels?Clinton:Yes.Julia:23they invented4?Clinton:Jayce Coziar and Jamie Ellsworth.Julia:Then what are they used5,do you know?Clinton:6the style of a shoe.Julia:Oh,I see.What about7slippers?Clinton:Julie Thompson,they re used8

35、forin the dark.Julia:Oh,then how about heated ice cream 9?Clinton:Chelsea Lanmon,and10really cold ice cream.五、根據(jù)圖片提示，在橫線上填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~完成句子，每空一詞。(10 分)123451. Who invented the _ ?2. Mrs Brown bought a new _ last week.3. I d like a pair of _ .6 / 84. The _is the most helpful invention.5. There are three sma

36、ll _ in the radio.六、漢譯英。 (20 分 )1）鬧鐘是何時發(fā)明的？_2）計算機是誰發(fā)明的？_3）計算器是用來做什么？_4）你認為什么是最有用的發(fā)明？_5）我認為電話發(fā)明的比汽車早。_二.根據(jù)各小題 A 句的意思完成B 句，使兩句的意思基本相同。每空一詞（10 分）1. A: The clever boy invented a wonderful pen.B: A wonderful pen _ _ by the clever boy.2. A: We saw her dance in the room yesterday.B: She was _ _ dance in the room yesterday.3. A: The calculator was invented before the computer.B: The calculator was invented _ _ the computer.4. A: I like Chinese tea b