英語基礎(chǔ)口譯——禮賓常識

1、英語基礎(chǔ)口譯一一禮賓常識技巧講座：禮賓常識口譯員是溝通中外雙方語言與文化的橋梁，外事活動場所總能見到譯員的身影，熟悉涉外工作的禮儀和程序，獲得相關(guān)的知識，是譯 員做到舉止得體，順利完成工作的繭要保障。1.1見而時的禮節(jié)介紹在交際場合結(jié)識朋友，可由第三者介紹，也可口我介紹相識。為他人介紹，要先了解雙方是否有結(jié)識的愿望，不要貿(mào)然行事。無 論自我介紹或為他人介紹，做法都要自然。握手這是大筋數(shù)國家相互見面和離別時的禮節(jié)。在交際場合中，握手是司空見慣的事情。i般在和互介紹和會面時握手。遇見朋友先 打招呼，然后相互握于寒啦致意。年輕者對年長者，身份低者對身份高者則應(yīng)稍稍欠身，雙于-握住對方的于以示尊敬。男

2、子與婦女握 手時，往往只握一下婦女的手指部分。致意公共場合遠距離遇到相識的人，i般是舉右手打招呼并點頭致意。與相識者在同一場合多次見面，只點頭致意即可。對i面之交 的朋友或不相識者在社交場合均可點頭或微笑致意。在外交場合遇見身份高的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，應(yīng)有禮貌地點頭致意或農(nóng)示歡迎，不要主動上前握 于-問候。只是在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人主動伸于-時，才向前握于-問候。p.2參加宴請的禮節(jié)應(yīng)邀接到宴會邀請（無論是請柬或邀請信），能否出席要盡早答復(fù)對方，以便主人安排。- 般來說，對注右r.s.v.p.（請答復(fù)）字樣的， 無論出席與否，均應(yīng)迅速答復(fù)。注有“regrets only”（不能出席請復(fù)）字樣的，則不能出席時才回復(fù)，但也

3、應(yīng)及時回復(fù)。經(jīng)口頭談妥再發(fā) 來的請柬,上而一般都注有“to remind” （備忘）字樣,只起提醒作用,可不必答復(fù)。掌握出席時間出席宴請活動，抵達時間遲早，逗留時間氏短，在一定程度i:反映對主人的尊重。應(yīng)根據(jù)活動的性質(zhì)和當(dāng)?shù)氐牧?xí)慣掌握。 遲到、h退、逗留時間過短被視為失禮或冇總冷落。身份高者可略晚到達，一般客人應(yīng)略微捉前到達，主賓退席后再陸續(xù)告辭。出席宴會， 根據(jù)各地習(xí)慣，正點或晚一兩分鐘抵達；任我國則正點或提前兩三分鐘或按主人的要求到達。出席酒會，可在詰柬上注明的時間內(nèi)到達。入座應(yīng)邀出席宴請活動，應(yīng)聽從主人安排。如是宴會，進入宴會廳之前，先了解自己的桌次和座位，入座時注詭桌上座位卡是否寫著

4、自己的名字，不要隨總亂坐。如鄰座是年長者或婦女，應(yīng)主動協(xié)助他們先坐下。祝灑作為主賓參加外國舉行的宴請,應(yīng)了解對方祝酒習(xí)慣，即為何人祝酒，何時祝酒等等,以便做好必要的準(zhǔn)備。碰杯時，主人和主 賓先碰，人女可同時舉杯示總，不一定碰杯。祝酒時注總不嬰交叉碰杯。在主人和主賓致辭、祝酒時，應(yīng)暫停進餐，停止交談，注總傾聽， 也不要借此機會抽煙。奏國歌時應(yīng)肅立。主人和主賓講完話與貴賓席人員碰杯后，往往到其他各桌敬酒，遇此情況應(yīng)起立舉杯。碰杯時， 要目視對方致意。餐具的使用中餐的餐具主要是碗、筷，西餐則足）9、叉、盤子。通常宴諳外國人吃中餐，亦以中餐兩吃為多，既擺碗筷，又設(shè)）j叉。）9 叉的使用是右手持）j，左

5、手持叉，將食物切成小塊，然后用叉送人嘴內(nèi)。歐洲人使用時不換手，即從切割到送食均以左手持叉。美國人則 切割后，扌巴）j放下，右手持叉送食人口。切菜時，注總不耍用力過猛撞擊盤子而發(fā)出聲音。不容易叉的食品，或不易上叉的食品，可用jj 將其輕輕推到叉上。宴請的形式國際上通用的宴諳形式有宴會、招待會、茶會、工作餐等。舉辦宴請活動采用何種形式，通常根拯活動目的、邀諳對象以 及經(jīng)費開支等各種因素而定。常見的幾種宴請形式冇：1.宴會（banquet 或 dinner）可分為國宴（state banquet）、正式宴會（banquet, dinner）、便宴常見的有午宴（luncheon）、晚宴（supper）

6、、家宴(family dinner/banquet)2招待會(reception)常見的有冷餐會(自助餐)(buffet, buffet-dinner)和酒會雞尾酒會(cocktail)3茶會(tea party)4工作餐 按用餐的時間分為工作早餐.工作午餐.工作晚餐(working breakfast, working lunch, working dinner”. 3禮賓次序所謂禮賓次序，是指國際交往中對出席活動的國家、團體、各國人士的位次按某些規(guī)則和慣例進行排列的先后次序。一般說，禮賓次 序體現(xiàn)東道主對國賓客所給予的禮遇;在i些國際性的集會上則表示各國主權(quán)平等的地位。禮賓次序安排不當(dāng)或不

7、符合國際慣例，則會引 起不必要的爭執(zhí)與交涉，英至影響國家關(guān)系。因此在組織涉外活動時，對禮賓次序應(yīng)給予一定的重視。禮賓次序的排列，盡管國際上已有 一些慣例，但各國都有其具體的做法。按身份與職務(wù)的高低排列這是禮賓次序排列的主要根據(jù)。-般的官方活動，經(jīng)常是按身份與職務(wù)的高低安排禮賓次序。如按國家元首、 副元首、政府總理(首相)、副總理(副首柑)、部長、副部長等順序排列。各國提供的正式名單或正式通知是確定職務(wù)的依拯。苗于各國的 國家體制不同，部門之間的職務(wù)高低不盡i致，則要根據(jù)各國的規(guī)定，按相當(dāng)?shù)募墑e和官銜進行安排。在多邊活動中，有時按其他方法排 列。但無論按何種方法排列，都在考慮身份與職務(wù)的高低問題

8、。按字母順序排列多邊活動中的禮賓次序育時按參加國國名字母順序排列，一般以英文字母排列居多.這種押列方法多見于國際會議、 體育比賽等。在國際會議上,公布與會者名單,懸掛與會國國旗，座位安排等均按各國國名的英文拼寫字母的順序排列。在實際工作中, 遇到的情況往往是復(fù)雜的，如冇的國家不管以上種種慣例，把關(guān)系密切的國家排列在最就血。所以禮賓次序的排列常常不能按一種方法， 而是采用幾種方法的交叉，并考慮其他的因素。第二部分口譯實踐主題：禮節(jié)性致辭2.1閱讀材料celebrating siemens' 150th anniversaryit is an honor for me to welcome

9、 you today to a very special occasion the celebration of siemens' 150th anniversary.one hundred and fifty years old. what does this mean? after all, we are in china - a country with anincrediblyrichculturedating back more than5,000 years isn't this talk about a mere 150years just a bit overd

10、one?the answer, of course, is no. company histories are measured onadifferent scale than cultures,countries,andcitiesdid you know that companies usually last less than twenty years? thatbig companies usuallysurvive only 20 to 30 yearslonger?we are talking about 50 years, with luckfifty years! the fa

11、ct is, companies rarely outlive their own founders we have been -and are one of the world* s oldest industrial companies not only that, but we have remained an industry 1eader all these many yearshow did we achieve this, when so many competitors have come and gone? whai core values have made siemens

12、 so strong? let's take a brief look at our pasttn the beginning, siemens1 business focused on telecommunications: telegraph equipment, transcontincmal telegraph 1 ines, transatlantic telegraph cables in 1866, werner von siemens discovered the dynanio-electric principle and built the first dynamo

13、, marking the true birth of electrical engineering power eng in coring quickly became a second pill ar of siemens ' worldwide business. by werner，s death in 1892, the name siemens was identified around the globe with the electrical industrysiemens was a pioneer in asia what about china? our reco

14、rds show that we delivered pointer telegraphs to this country as early as 1872 in 1879,the chinese government ordered siemens "light machines" or dynamos that same year, we provided a 10 horsepower steam engine with generator to light up the port of shanghai it was china* s first electrica

15、l lighting system.shortly before the turn of the century, we built beijing's first power plant the electricity was used to light sections of the city and run the electric railway that ran between the ma-chia-pu train stat ion and beijing* s hatamen south gate the line opened in 1899 and was the

16、world's fastest train at the time - making up to 20 kilometers an hour!why are such bits and pieces of our history importsnt? because they say we have been on the spot for generations they prove we have gained unique international experience in our business fields i think it is fascinating that

17、the same company that suppl ied telegraphs to china over one hundred years ago is now busy expanding and modernizing the country* s phone system.what core values have made siemens so strong?first: siemens was international from the very beginning werner von siemens could have built up a major busine

18、ss in germany alone lie didn't .he chose to move out into the world, taking huge risks because he saw potential where others didn't even look he built an international business generations before people even talked about globalization.second: he bui11 his business on innovation. werner had f

19、aith in the ability of technology to benefit mankind whether 1 inking the world through lelccommunicalions, or bringing electricity to all the continents, siemens was always in the forefrontthird: werner von siemens left far more than a thriving company. he created a corporate identity that stands f

20、or innovation, quality, dependabi1ity, and durabi1 ity. this reputation has survived genorations and has spread throughout the world the name siemens is one of our greatest assetsand fourth: werner von siemens founded a family enterprise in asia, strong family bonds are a special asset, a source of

21、enormous strength flexibility, stability and dependability werner sent his brother wilhelm to england, where he built up a highly successful branch ilis brother carl opened an office in st. petersburg, russia, in 1855, and ran it until his death in 1906 together, the three men were, as we say, unbea

22、table" and this great family tradition has endured to this very dy.for generations, our company has continued to focus on creating and producing technologies that shape our modern world - from telephone systems to power plants, from electroraetrical systems to automated factories, from components to rapid-transit systemsfor 150 years, siemens has led the industry and maintained a inc reputation bu