2018年河北省中考英語試卷真題含答案

1、2018 年河北省初中畢業(yè)生升學(xué)文化課考試英語試卷本試卷分卷 i 和卷 ii 兩部分。卷 i 為選擇題，卷 ii 為非選擇題。本試卷滿分 120 分，考試時(shí)間 120 分鐘。卷 i（選擇題，共85 分）注意事項(xiàng)： 1. 答卷 i 前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、科目填涂在答題卡上?？荚嚱Y(jié)束，監(jiān)考人員將試卷和答題卡一并收回。2. 答卷 i 時(shí)，每小題選出答案后，用2b 鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，答在試卷上無效。3聽力部分共包括兩小節(jié)：第一節(jié)在卷i，第二節(jié)在卷ii。完成第一節(jié)后，請根據(jù)錄音指令，在卷ii 完成第二節(jié)。聽力部分（第一節(jié)）略筆試部分v. 單項(xiàng)選擇 (共 10 小題，每小

2、題 1 分，計(jì) 10 分) 選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。26. please come in, alice. welcome to _ house. a. her b. his c. my d. your 【答案】 c 【解析】形容詞性物主代詞的辨析。句意：請進(jìn)來，愛麗斯。歡迎來我的家。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是形容詞性物主代詞，其不同在于適用于不同的人稱。根據(jù)句意歡迎來到我的家，應(yīng)選c。27. did you hear the _? a scientist will visit our school. a. advice b. news c. praise d. choice 【答案】 b 【解析】名詞

3、辨析；句意： 你聽說這個(gè)消息了嗎？一位科學(xué)家將要拜訪我們的學(xué)校。考查名詞的辨析，a. advice意見；b. news新聞，消息，不可數(shù)；c. praise表揚(yáng)，贊揚(yáng)；d. choice 選擇，抉擇。根據(jù)語境，表示聽說這個(gè)消息，故選b。28. this dog looks _. it s wearing red shoes. a. clever b. brave c. funny d. careful 【答案】 c 【解析】 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意為： 這條狗看起來很有趣，它正穿著雙紅鞋。 clever意為“聰明的” ； brave意為“勇敢的” ； funny意為“有趣的” ； caref

4、ul意為“認(rèn)真的” 。根據(jù)句子意思故選c。29. bob, dinner is ready. please wash your hands _ you eat. a. until b. after c. while d. before 【答案】 d 【解析】 考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：bob ，晚飯準(zhǔn)備好了，在吃飯前請洗手。根據(jù)句意請?jiān)诔燥堉跋词?，表示在之前，故選d。30. gary is the best singer in my class. no one else _ so well. a. sings b. sang c. will sing d. is singing 【答案】 a

5、【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：gary 在我們班是最好的歌手，沒有其他人唱地那么好了。由gary is the best singer in my class.得知該句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選a。31. the bread is really delicious. -thank you i _ it myself. a. make b. made c. will make d. am making 【答案】 b 【解析】動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的辨析。句意：- 面包真的很好吃。- 謝謝，我自己做的。根據(jù)句意“面包美味可口”得知是過去自己做的。故選b。32. can you help me _ the pen? it

6、 s under the chair. a. ask for b. look for c. pick up d. put up 【答案】 c 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。 由句意得知你能幫助我撿起這個(gè)鋼筆嗎？它在你椅子下面。a. ask for 向某人要，尋求；look for 尋找； c. pick up撿起； d. put up 搭建，張貼。 pick up “撿起”符合語境故選c。33. i _ an invitation to the concert. i cant wait to go. a. receive b. will receive c. was receiving d. ha

7、ve received 【答案】 d 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我已經(jīng)收到那次音樂會(huì)的邀請，我等不及了。由句意得知我已經(jīng)收到去音樂會(huì)的邀請函，要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選d 。34. look at the picture. the top five tv plays _ in it. a. list b. are listed c. will list d. will be listed 【答案】b 【解析】 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：看這張圖片， 最好的五個(gè)電視劇在上面列出了。由語境得知 “the top five tv plays”與 list 之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系；由“l(fā)ook at the

8、picture”得知是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故選b。35. hi, ken. did mrs. zhang tell us _? -yes. she said we should meet there at nine. a. which was the way to the station b. why we should meet at the station c. when we should get to the station d. who we should meet at the station 【答案】 c 【解析】考查賓語從句。句意：- 張老師告訴我們什么時(shí)候

9、到達(dá)車站了嗎？- 是的，她說我們應(yīng)該在九點(diǎn)到那里。由答語“we should meet there at nine.”可知，問句詢問時(shí)間，故選 c。vi. 完形填空 (共 10 小題，每小題 1 分，計(jì) 10 分) 閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。once there was a king and his daughter. the king asked his daughter how much she loved him. she said that she loved him as much as the loved 36 . her answer m

10、ade the king very happy. salt is simple thing, 37 it is very important. so the king thought his daughter cared a lot about him. salt has many 38 . bodies need salt. if we dont have enough, our bodies can t work properly. we put salt on icy roads to make them 39 . we also use salt to produce other pr

11、oducts, like paper and glass. but for many years, salt s most important job was to 40 food. like other living things, most bacteria(細(xì)菌 ) need water to live. salt takes in plenty of water, so most bacteria(細(xì)菌 ) can not live 41 a salty environment. as a result, salt protects food and many other things

12、. for much of humans history, this ability has made salt 42 . every ancient culture from egypt to china depended on salt. even today, the hard working useful people are 43 as “the salt of the earth” . for centuries, salt was also hard to 44 . it s usefulness, together with rarity( 稀有 ) made it very

13、expensive. salt could even be used like 45 . in fact, the word salary (薪水 ) comes from the word salt. today, salt is used more widely and it still plays an important role in our life. 36. a. salt b. air c. gold d. sugar 37. a. or b. so c. and d. but 38. a. forms b. secrets c. uses d. skills 39. a. w

14、ide b. safe c. smooth d. thick 40. a. protect b. provide c. produce d. prepare 41. a. in b. outside c. for d. without 42. a. hopeful b. comfortable c. valuable d. successful 43. a. saved b. dreamed c. invited d. described 44. a. sell b. get c. take d. keep 45. a. money b. medicine c. earth d. food 【

15、答案】 36-40adcba； 41-45 acdba 【文章大意】 本文通過國王的女兒愛國王就像喜愛食鹽一樣的故事作為引入，引出鹽的重要作用。接下來的段落介紹鹽的用途。36. a 【解析】名詞的辨析。句意：她說愛你就像愛食鹽一樣。根據(jù)上文her answer made the king very happy. salt is simple thing, _ it is very important.可知，正確答案為選項(xiàng) a。37. d 【解析】連詞的辨析。句意：鹽是很簡單的東西，但是它很重要。根據(jù)上下句的關(guān)系判斷，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but 。正確答案為選項(xiàng)d。38. c【解析】名詞的辨析。句

16、意：鹽有許多用途。根據(jù)后文介紹我們身體不能缺少食鹽，以及食鹽能夠吸水等等用途可知，表示用途。a. forms形式； b. secrets 秘密，秘訣；c. uses 用處，用途；d. skills 技能，技巧。選項(xiàng)a，b 和 d 不符合表達(dá)要求，故正確答案選項(xiàng) c。 。39. b【解析】形容詞的辨析。句意：我們把鹽放在光滑的雪地上讓地面變得安全。這個(gè)句子表達(dá)的是食鹽的一個(gè)用途，根據(jù)常識(shí)我們知道下雪路滑的時(shí)候，我們?nèi)錾鲜雏}， 融化較快，是路面變的安全。a. wide寬闊的； b. safe 安全的； c. smooth光滑的；平整的；d. thick厚的。故正確答案是選項(xiàng)b。40. a 【解析】

17、動(dòng)詞的辨析及語境理解。句意：但是數(shù)年來，鹽的最重要的作用是保護(hù)食物。根據(jù)下文“ like other living things, most bacteria(細(xì)菌 ) need water to live. salt takes in plenty of water, so most bacteria(細(xì)菌 ) can not live in a salty environment.”可知，鹽應(yīng)該是保護(hù)食物。a. protect保護(hù)； b. provide提供； c. produce生產(chǎn)； d. prepare準(zhǔn)備。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)a。41. a【解析】介詞的辨析。句意：鹽能夠吸收大量的水，

18、因此大部分細(xì)菌在很咸的環(huán)境下不能生存。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)及上下文語境可知，表達(dá)在咸的環(huán)境下，正確答案為a。42. c【解析】形容詞的辨析。句意：在人類歷史上，鹽的這種能力已經(jīng)使它更有價(jià)值。根據(jù)下文 “every ancient culture from egypt to china depended on salt.”可知鹽的價(jià)值。a. hopeful有希望的； b. comfortable舒服的； c. valuable 有價(jià)值的； d. successful 成功的。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)及語境可知，正確答案為選項(xiàng)c。43. d 【解析】動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意：甚至當(dāng)今社會(huì)，人們把那些努力工作有用的人被描述成“有用的人

19、，正派的人”。 a. saved 節(jié) 約 ； b. dreamed 夢想 ；c. invited 邀 請 ； d. described描述。根據(jù)句意，表示描述，所以正確答案為選項(xiàng)d。44. b 【解析】 動(dòng)詞的辨析。 句意：幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來， 鹽很難得到。 根據(jù)后文 “it s usefulness, together with rarity(稀有 ) made it very expensive.”表示鹽很難得到，因?yàn)樗芟∮胁⑶野嘿F。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)及語境可知表示得到，獲得用get ，正確答案為選項(xiàng)b。45. a 【解析】名詞的辨析。句意：鹽甚至能像錢一樣被使用。根據(jù)后文“in fact, the w

20、ord salary ( 薪水 ) comes from the word salt.”薪水這個(gè)詞來自鹽這個(gè)詞，a. money錢； b. medicine 藥物； c. earth地球，泥土；d. food 食物。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)及語境可知，正確答案為選項(xiàng) a。vii. 閱讀理解 (共 15 小題，每小題 2 分，計(jì) 30 分) 閱讀 a、b、 c 三篇材料，然后從各小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。a dear sir, i ordered a skirt from you last month, but there are some problems with it. first, the co

21、lor is not as green as it is shown on your website. i understand that the picture does not always show the real color, but it should nor be that different. second, i asked for size m because it is the size i usually wear. but your size m is so small that i have to give it to my younger sister. i thi

22、nk you should be more serious about your business. truly susan rosen dear ms. rosen, thank you for telling us the problems with your order. we hope we can give you better service. we are sending you another skirt with this letter. it is size l, and its green color is brighter than the one you had. w

23、e hope you like it. our office hours are 9:00 a.m. 5:00 p.m. please call us if you have any more questions. yours truly victor smith 46. why did susan rosen write the letter? a. to say sorry to her sister. b. to show the picture to smith. c. to tell her problem to a friend. d. to talk about what she

24、 bought. 47. what did victor smith do for susan rosen? a. he helped her cancel the order. b. he sent her a new skirt. c. he asked her to visit the office. d. he called her for another color. 【答案】 46-47 db 【解析】本文講的是網(wǎng)上購物遇到的問題，通過信件我們可以看到susan rosen遇到了兩個(gè)問題，一個(gè)是買的裙子顏色不像網(wǎng)站展示的那么綠；其次裙子的尺碼偏小。賣家victor smith 為了

25、表達(dá)歉意，給susan rosen再次郵寄一件l 號的新裙子，并表達(dá)歉意。46. d 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。問題：susan rosen 為什么要寫這封信？根據(jù)第一封信的內(nèi)容“ i ordered a skirt from you last month, but there are some problems with it. first, the color is not as green as it is shown on your website.second, i asked for size m because it is the size i usually wear. but yo

26、ur size m is so small that i have to give it to my younger sister.”可知， susan rosen在和賣家談?wù)撡I的裙子，正確答案為d。47. b 【解析】綜合判斷題。問題：victor smith為 susan rosen做了什么？根據(jù)第二封信的內(nèi)容“ we hope we can give you better service. we are sending you another skirt with this letter. it is size l, and its green color is brighter tha

27、n the one you had. ”可知賣家又新郵寄一件裙子，正確答案為b。b edward rose early on the new-year morning. he looked in every room and wished a happy new year to his family. then he ran into the street to repeat that to those he might meet. when he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars . his face

28、lighted up as he took them. he had wished for a long time to buy some petty books that he had seen at the bookstore. he left the house with a light heart, expecting to buy the books. as he ran down the street, he saw a poor family. “i wish you a happy new year. ” said edward, as he was happily passi

29、ng on. the man shook his head. “you are not from this country? ” said edward. the man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak his language. but he pointed to his mouth, and to the children shaking with cold, as if (好像 )to say, “these little ones have had nothing to eat for a long

30、time”edward quickly understood that these poor people were in trouble. he took out his dollars, and gave one to the man and the other to his wife. they were excited and said something in their language, which doubtless meant, “we thank you so much that we will remember you all the time.”when edward

31、came home, his father asked what books he had bought. he hung his head a moment, but quickly looked up. “i have bought no books,” said he, “i gave my money to some poor people, who seemed to be very hungry then.” he went on, “i think i can wait for my books till next new year.”“my dear boy,” said hi

32、s father, “here are some books, more as a reward for your goodness of heart than as a new-year gift”. “i saw you give the money cheerfully to the poor german family. it was nice for a little boy to do so. be always ready to help others and every year of your life will be to you a happy new year.”48.

33、 edward expected to _ with the money he got from his father. a. help the poor family b. buy something to eat c. buy some pretty books d. learn another language 49. why did the poor man shake his head when edward spoke to him? a. he couldnt understand the boy. b. he wouldnt accept the money. c. he di

34、dnt like the boys language. d. he was too cold to say anything. 50. how much did edward give the poor family? a. one dollar. b. two dollars. c. three dollars. d. four dollars. 51. we know that edward _ from the passage. a. got a prize for his kind heart b. had to buy his books next year c. bought th

35、e books at the bookstore d. got more money from his father 【答案】：48-51 caba 【主旨大意】 ：本篇是一個(gè)記敘文。主要記敘了一個(gè)叫edward的小男孩，用父母給自己的兩美元去幫助更需要的窮人。最后小男孩不僅從爸爸那得到了喜歡的書作為新年禮物并且還得到了比新年禮物更重要的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)這就是善良和他人的感謝的故事。48. c 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。edward 期望用爸爸給他的錢去買_ 。根據(jù)第三段第二句 “he had wished for a long time to buy some pretty books. 可知答案，故選c。

36、49. a 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。當(dāng)edward對這個(gè)窮人說話時(shí)，他為什么總是搖頭?根據(jù)第六段第二句 “the man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak his language.” 可知他不懂孩子說的語言。故答案選a。50. b 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 edward給窮人家多少錢？根據(jù)第七段第二句“he took out his dollars, and gave one to the man , and the other to his wife”和 第二段“ when he came back, his fa

37、ther gave him two bright, new silver dollars”可知，他給窮人家里兩美元。故選b。51. a 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過這篇短文我們知道edward _ 。根據(jù)第十一段內(nèi)容my dear boy,” said his father, “here are some books, more as a reward for your goodness of heart than as a new-year gift”可知，由于男孩的善良爸爸給他買了書作為獎(jiǎng)賞。故選a。c diy your own desserts we offer different kind

38、s of classed to you all. a very popular class we are offering these 10 days is the class named “ diy your own desserts”. can you imagine how happy your beloved one will be happy when you give him/her your diy desserts on the special days like birthday, mother s day and fathers day? come to our class

39、 and make your own desserts. give your beloved one some surprises! the class runs daily and it is a completely hands-on personal cooking experience lasting up to 4 hours learning 3-4 recipes (食譜 ) each lesson. the teacher will first show how to cook different recipes in front of you. and then he wil

40、l guide you on how to prepare and make the food. at the end of the class you can either eat the meal prepared during the class or take it home with you. whats more, youll be able to take home the copies of all the recipes. costs: 30 each lesson. you can start at any time. go to our website to get mo

41、re information about the class. you can either e-mail us or come to our office for attending it.52. you can join the class if you like to _. a. offer some recipes b. teach how to cook c. make desserts yourself d. get some surprises 53. you will _ in the class. a. eat the meal with the teacher b. cel

42、ebrate the special days c. learn 2-3 recipes each lessons d. have a hands-on experience 54. you will pay _ for five lessons. a. 30 b. 60 c. 120 d. 150 55. how can you attend the class? a. make a phone call to them. b. send them an e-mail. c. get information from parents. d. come to the class directl

43、y. 【答案】：52-55 cddb 【主旨大意】 ：本文是一篇廣告。主要是介紹diy your own desserts課程的主要內(nèi)容以及課程的費(fèi)用和報(bào)名的方式。52. c 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中“ come to our class and make your own desserts. ” 可知，如果你想親自做些甜品，可以加入這個(gè)課程。本題難度較小。53. d 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中“ the class runs daily and it is a completely hands-on personal cooking experience lasting up to

44、 4 hours learning 3-4 recipes each lesson.” 可知，在這個(gè)課堂上，你可以有親身實(shí)踐的烹飪經(jīng)歷。本題難度適中。54. d 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。由文中“$30 each lesson” 可知，五節(jié)課需要$150 。本題難度較小。55. b 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文中“you can either e-mail us or come to our office for attending it” 可知，可以通過發(fā)送郵件或直接去辦公室報(bào)名參加。本題難度較小。d “volunteering makes you look at the world differen

45、tly. you see how little things can change a persons life for the better, which makes everyone a better person. ” mason, a volunteer said. national volunteer week started in 1974 and is held every april. it is a time to thank volunteers for their achievements. it is also a perfect opportunity (機(jī)會(huì) ) t

46、o encourage others to take their first step toward becoming a volunteer. making the decision to take the first step can be the biggest problem, because they often wonder if they will be able to meet the organization s expectations (期望 ). some people fear not knowing anyone else in the group. not hav

47、ing enough time also prevents some from sharing their abilities. the following tips can help if you have some of these worries. start out slowly, dont add too much pressure. even a few hours a month can make a big difference in someones life. choose an organization with the same interests and common

48、 values. take part in a training meeting for new volunteers, even if it is not asked. work with a veteran volunteer. he volunteered a lot, he can help you increase the confidence and completely understand the organizations expectations. invite a friend or family member to serve. it is a good experie

49、nce to volunteer with them. finally, it is most important to enjoy the volunteer experience and to remember that not all volunteer experiences are perfect. if one experience doesnt work, dont give up and you ll surely find the right opportunity. spend some time on volunteer work and you will see gre

50、at changes in peoples lives. as mason discovered during his volunteer experience, “l(fā)ittle things can change a persons life. ”56. volunteering can help _. a. make a decision b. see the world clearly c. thank other people d. make persons life better 57. what could be the reason to stop people taking t

51、he first step? a. they dont have enough time. b. they are prevented by their families. c. they fear that their abilities are shared. d. they don t expect to become volunteers. 58. which of the following can help people take the first step? a. start out quickly. b. organize a training meeting. c. inv

52、ite a friend to be with them. d. join in a group with different values. 59. the underlined word “veteran ” in the passage means “ _ ”. a. polite b. humorous c. young d. experienced 60. what is the main idea of the passage? a. to tell people to make changes in their lives. b. to encourage people to s

53、tart their volunteering. c. how to make great achievements in volunteering. d. how to keep on volunteering whatever happened. 【答案】：56-60 dacdb 【主旨大意】 ：本篇文章是一篇議論文。通過闡述參加志愿者活動(dòng)的益處以及如何幫助人們消除對參加志愿者活動(dòng)的顧慮從而鼓勵(lì)人們參加志愿者活動(dòng)。56. d 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第一段第二句“you see how little things can change a person s life for the be

54、tter ”可知。本題難度適中。學(xué)生在選題時(shí)容易受到第一句的影響誤選b.但如果仔細(xì)看后面的句子不難選出正確答案。做題時(shí)務(wù)必控制答題速度。57. a 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第二段最后一句“not having enough time also prevents some from sharing their abilities”可知。本題難度較小。58. c 【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段后面標(biāo)注的幾條建議，我們可以逐一排除錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)第五條建議中提到的“invite a friend or family member to serve” 可知。本題難度較小。59. d 【解析】詞義推斷

55、題。根據(jù)下劃線單詞“veteran ”后面的句子“he volunteered a lot ”說明他參加了很多活動(dòng)，也就是經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的意思。本題難度較小。60. b 【解析】主旨大意題。通過最后一段第一句和最后一句“spend some time on volunteer work and you will see great changes in people s lives ” “ .little things can change a person s life ”說明參加志愿者活動(dòng)的好處。可以推測出作者是要鼓勵(lì)人們參加志愿者活動(dòng)。 得分評卷人卷 ii (非選擇題，共 45 分) 注意事項(xiàng)

56、： 1. 答卷 ii 前，將密封線左側(cè)的項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。2. 答卷 ii 時(shí)，將答案用黑色自己的鋼筆、簽字筆或圓珠筆直接寫在試卷上。題號viii ix x xi a b 得分筆試部分ix. 任務(wù)型閱讀 (共 5 小題，每小題2 分，計(jì) 10 分) 閱讀短文，并按要求完成66-70題。artificial intelligence (ai) (人工智能 ) is growing rapidly. we are living in a world that depends more and more on ai. ai is a group of technologies that help mac

57、hines get, understand and use information to do tasks. ais recent developments have got a lot of social attention. some people have welcomed ai because it makes things possible. for example, ai will have a big 2018年河北省初中畢業(yè)生升學(xué)文化課考試英 語 試 卷influence on areas like medicine and engineering. but this atte

58、ntion has also produced a lot of fear. especially, many workers are worrying that ai could make them lose their jobs. according to a recent study, nearly five percent of jobs will disappear because of ai. in some industries, ai is already doing the work that people used to do, such as assembling (裝配

59、 ) cars, digging the coal and lifting goods. self-driving cars and trucks controlled by ai will also take away the drivers jobs in the future. on the other hand, ai will also create many new jobs for people. more people will be needed to write programmers for ai systems (系統(tǒng) ) and they will set up an

60、d work on them, too. meanwhile, jobs that require feelings, excellent communication skills with people will not be replaced (取代 ) by ai. these includes jobs in fields like teaching, nursing and personal training. ai is here. it is changing how people live and work in many ways. that makes ai importa