bcq-關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句PPT

1、Unit 5 The Attributive Clause The use of the relative pronoun (關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞)口訣口訣:定語從句三步：定語從句三步：第一找出先行詞第一找出先行詞第二看先行詞在定語從句中的第二看先行詞在定語從句中的 語法功能（做主語、賓語或狀語法功能（做主語、賓語或狀 語）語）第三選擇合適的關(guān)系詞第三選擇合適的關(guān)系詞1.This is al l _ I know about the matter. A. that B. What C. who D. whether2.Is there anything else _ you want? A. wh

2、ich B . that C. who D. what3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. itChoose the best answers:4. Please take the second chair _ is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that 5.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B./ C. which D. it 6.Finally, the t

3、hief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police（NMET98) A. which B. what C. whatever D. that 7. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we expected. A. what B. which C. that D. it關(guān)系副詞的用法關(guān)系副詞的用法時(shí)間時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語原因原因原因狀語原因狀語n（一）關(guān)系副詞（一）關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。引導(dǎo)的定語從句。nwhere引導(dǎo)的定語從句其

4、先行詞往往是表示引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，如地點(diǎn)的名詞，如place,factory,house,village等。等。n例：例：nChina is the only country where wild pandas can be found.nThis is the house where I lived two years ago. 知識(shí)拓展：知識(shí)拓展：1. 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為為“介詞介詞(in/on/at/under等等)+which”引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)的定語從句。的定語從句。Eg: The hotel where we s

5、tayed wasnt clean.The hotel The hotel in whichin which we stayed we stayed wasnt clean.wasnt clean. = The hotel which/ that we stayed in wasnt clean.nThe house where LuXun once lived is being repaired now. =The house in which LuXun =The house in which LuXun once lived is being repaired once lived is

6、 being repaired now.now.n2. 若定語從句的先行詞是若定語從句的先行詞是地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)，但定語，但定語從句缺主語或賓語從句缺主語或賓語，用，用which或或that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)定語從句，而不用定語從句，而不用where來引導(dǎo)。來引導(dǎo)。 The library that/ which you visited The library that/ which you visited yesterday was built in 1990.yesterday was built in 1990. n3. 如果定語從句分別修飾如果定語從句分別修飾point, situation, stag

7、e, condition和和case, position 等表示抽象意義的詞，常用等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where / prep + which引導(dǎo)，意思是引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中到了某種地步，在某種境況中”。 例：例：Ive come to Ive come to the pointthe point where where I cant stand him.I cant stand him. n【典型例題典型例題】n1. Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differe

8、ntly. nA. that B. when nC. which D. where n2. Life is like a long race _we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. nA. why B. what nC. that D. wheren3. I have reached a point in my life I am supposed to make decisions of my own.nA. which B. where nC. how D. why n4. They will fly to Washington, _

9、 they plan to stay for two or three days.nA. where B. there nC. which D. when nwhen引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是表引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示時(shí)間的名詞，如示時(shí)間的名詞，如time,day,hour,year等等。n例：例：nThe time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.（二）關(guān)系副詞（二）關(guān)系副詞whenwhen引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句 先行詞是time時(shí)n若若time 是作是作“次數(shù)次數(shù)”

10、講時(shí)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞講時(shí)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，引導(dǎo)的定語從句，that可以省略。可以省略。nThis is the second time (that) the president has visited the country.nI could hardly remember how many times (that) Ive failed.n若若time 作作”一段時(shí)間，時(shí)代一段時(shí)間，時(shí)代”講時(shí)，應(yīng)用關(guān)講時(shí)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞系副詞when 或介詞或介詞at/during + which 引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的定語從句定語從句nThis was at a time when/ duing w

11、hich there was no radios, no telephones or no TVs.n1. This is the second time_ I have been here.n2. Can you still remember the time _we spent together in our childhood.n3. The first time _he saw her, he fell in love with her.n(1. that /不填 2. that /which 3. that/不填)n4) We are living in a age _ many t

12、hings are done on the Internet.nA. Which B. ThatnC. Whose D. whenn知識(shí)拓展：知識(shí)拓展：n1. 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)的定語從句也可以引導(dǎo)的定語從句也可以轉(zhuǎn)換為轉(zhuǎn)換為“介詞介詞(in/at/on/during)+which”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。引導(dǎo)的定語從句。nI still remember the time when (during which ) I lived in the countryside. n2. 若定語從句的若定語從句的先行詞是時(shí)間，先行詞是時(shí)間，但定語但定語從句缺主語或賓語從句缺主語或賓語，則用，則用whi

13、ch或或that引引導(dǎo)定語從句。導(dǎo)定語從句。n Ill never forget the time that / which I spent on campus. nIll never forget the time that/ which was spent with you. n1. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. nA. if B. when nC. which D. sincen2. We went through

14、 a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. nA. which B. whose nC. in which D. with which n3. Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.nA. Who nB. WhichnC. WhynD. When n（三）關(guān)系副詞（三）關(guān)系副詞why 引導(dǎo)的定語從句。引導(dǎo)的定語從句。nwhy引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示原引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示原因的名詞，如

15、：因的名詞，如：excuse ; explanation; reason等。等。n例：例：nThe reason why he didnt come to the party is that he didnt want to see Jane.nWe cant accept the excuse why you were absent. nThis is the explanation why they put off the meeting.n知識(shí)拓展：知識(shí)拓展：n1. 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為換為“for +which ”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。引導(dǎo)的定語

16、從句。nThis is the reason why ( = for which ) I didnt come here.n2. 若定語從句的先行詞是若定語從句的先行詞是reason，但定，但定語語從句缺主語或賓語從句缺主語或賓語，則用，則用which或或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。引導(dǎo)定語從句。nThe reason that/ which she gave me was not true.n即學(xué)即用n1) The reason _he didnt come was that he was ill.n2) The reason he explained is not true. whywhy th

17、at/ whichthat/ which n3) The reason _ he was absent was _ he had a bad cold.nA. When, becausenB. When , whynC. Why becausenD. Why that(四) Way 后接定語從句的情況nway 后面的定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞有后面的定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞有which/ in which / that /不填不填，如：，如： n I recognized hes from Australia fromn the way _ he speaks. in which ( that / 不不填填)填

18、上合適的關(guān)系詞并分析原因填上合適的關(guān)系詞并分析原因：1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.that/ which/不填不填that/in which/不填不填缺狀語缺狀語缺賓語缺賓語缺少主語或賓語缺少主語或賓語: :引導(dǎo)詞用引導(dǎo)詞用that / which / 不填不填(缺賓語時(shí)缺賓語時(shí))主語賓語都不缺主語賓語都不缺: :引導(dǎo)詞用引導(dǎo)詞用that / in which / 不不填填n1.

19、I dont like the way _you laugh at her.n In which/ that / 不填（四）判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞（四）判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞 n1. This is the mountain village _ _ I visited last year.n2. This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year.n3. This is the mountain village _ _ I stayed in last year.that/ whichthat/ whichwherewherethat/ that

20、/ which/which/不填不填介詞可后移，此時(shí)關(guān)系代詞可以省略nThis is the book for which you asked.n= This is the book which/that/不填 you asked for.n但是有些固定動(dòng)詞短語不能拆開，介詞不能提前，只能能夠放在動(dòng)詞的后面nEg. This is Xu Jingleis latest movie (which/that) she is looking for.n1. Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago?nA. where B. that nC. on whi

21、ch D. the onen2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held?nA. where B. that nC. on which D. the onen歸納：歸納：n關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)先行詞在從句中所作關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)先行詞在從句中所作的成分，先行詞在從句中作的成分，先行詞在從句中作主、定、主、定、賓語賓語時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞 (who, whom, that, which, whose)；先行詞在從句中作；先行詞在從句中作狀語狀語時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞 ( where 地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語，狀語，when 時(shí)間狀語，時(shí)間

22、狀語，why 原因狀語原因狀語) ?！敖樵~+ 關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句介詞后的關(guān)系代詞只能是介詞后的關(guān)系代詞只能是which （指物指物）whom（指人指人） 介詞選擇的三原則：n一 介詞根據(jù)從句謂語動(dòng)詞的搭配習(xí)慣而確定n on which I spent 5 yuan .n for which I paid 5 yuan .nThis is the book from which I learnt a lot. about which Tom often talks二. 介詞根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習(xí)慣而 確定 nI remember the day on which I joined n the

23、Party.n the days during which I n lived here.n the month in whic I stayed n there.三. 介詞根據(jù)從句所表達(dá)的意義而 確定nMy computer, without which I cant play computer games, crashed yesterday.nLearning a countrys culture is like opening a window, through which you can know about that country better.四. 當(dāng)表示所有關(guān)系或是整體中的一

24、部分時(shí) ，常用 of which/ whom 引導(dǎo)定語從句nThe old man has two sons, both of whom are doctors.nThis is the house, the windows of which (whose window) are very beautiful.五. 介詞短語 + 關(guān)系代詞n常見短語： at the foot of ; at the bake of ; n in front of ; on the top ofnEg: They stayed in a big hotel, in front of which was a gar

25、den.六. 名詞（代詞/數(shù)詞）+ of +關(guān)系 代詞n該結(jié)構(gòu)一般引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句， 在從句中一般做主語nEg; The building had been repaired, the roof of which was destroyed again in the big fire.七. 介詞 + whose n在定語從句中做在定語從句中做定語定語，修飾其后的名詞，修飾其后的名詞Eg: She is the very person in whose pocket I found my lost watch.n1. Gun control is a subject _ Americans

26、have argued for a long time.nA. Of whichnB. With withnC. About whichnD. Into whichn2. The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.nA. In itnB. In nC. In thatnD. In whichn3. Tom received training in a computer for one year , _ he found a job in a big company.nA. After

27、 thatnB. After whichnC. After itnD. After thisn4. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _ we gave some bells and glasses.nA. to which B. to whomnC. with whom D. With thatn5. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten n Windows, most of _ hadnt been n cleaned for

28、 ten years.n A. these B. those C. that D. which as 引導(dǎo)定語從句 在定語從句中，一般的從句關(guān)系代詞是在定語從句中，一般的從句關(guān)系代詞是which、who、whom、that、 whose, 其代替主其代替主句中的人或物，在從句中做主語、賓語或定語。句中的人或物，在從句中做主語、賓語或定語。一、一、as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句主要結(jié)構(gòu)有：主要結(jié)構(gòu)有：the sameasasassuchassoas主句中出現(xiàn)主句中出現(xiàn)the same, as, such, so修飾先行詞，修飾先行詞，需選擇需選擇as做關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做主語或賓做關(guān)

29、系代詞在定語從句中做主語或賓語。語。1. Its the same person as we wanted to find yesterday .我們昨天要找的是同一個(gè)人。我們昨天要找的是同一個(gè)人。2. Such girls as he knows are good at English .他所認(rèn)識(shí)的女孩都擅長英語。他所認(rèn)識(shí)的女孩都擅長英語。3. Do you have such books as we like ?你有我們喜歡那種書嗎？你有我們喜歡那種書嗎？4. She will marry as healthy a man as she can find .她將嫁給她能找到的任何一個(gè)有錢人

30、。她將嫁給她能找到的任何一個(gè)有錢人。5. There is so warm a house as we want to live in .這里有如此暖和的房子，我們都想住在里面。這里有如此暖和的房子，我們都想住在里面。6. He has so difficult a problem , as none of us can solve .他有如此難的一個(gè)問題，我們沒有人能解決。他有如此難的一個(gè)問題，我們沒有人能解決。二、引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句二、引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句 as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容，從句引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容，從句可置于句首，句中或句尾可置于句首，句中或

31、句尾1 As everyone knows ,China is a beautiful country with a long history .每個(gè)人都知道，中國是一個(gè)有著悠久歷史的美麗國家。每個(gè)人都知道，中國是一個(gè)有著悠久歷史的美麗國家。2 The earth , as we know , moves round the sun .地球，我們都知道，圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。地球，我們都知道，圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。3 Tom works hard and is willing to help others, as we all know.湯母工作努力，并且樂于助人，這一點(diǎn)我們都知道。湯母工作努力，并且樂于助人，這

32、一點(diǎn)我們都知道。 非限制性定語從句中的謂語為被動(dòng)式時(shí)，常用非限制性定語從句中的謂語為被動(dòng)式時(shí)，常用as做主語做主語 be said /known/announced /reported/mentioned /expected/discussedGrammar , as has been said before, is not a set of dead rules. 語法，就像以前所說，不是一套死規(guī)則。語法，就像以前所說，不是一套死規(guī)則。As is known to all , TaiWan is a part of China . as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，有引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，有“如，似

33、，正像如，似，正像”的含義，因此，下列句式多用的含義，因此，下列句式多用asas has been said above 如上所說如上所說as anybody can see正像每個(gè)人所看到的那樣正像每個(gè)人所看到的那樣as we had expected正如我們所預(yù)料的那樣正如我們所預(yù)料的那樣The boy has as much progress as we had expected.正像我們所預(yù)料的那樣，這個(gè)男孩取得了大的進(jìn)步。正像我們所預(yù)料的那樣，這個(gè)男孩取得了大的進(jìn)步。n定語從句與其他從句的比較定語從句與其他從句的比較n1. 非限制性定語從句和單句非限制性定語從句和單句/并列句的比較并

34、列句的比較nHe has two sons. Both of_ are teachers. （ 句）句）nHe has two sons, and both of _are teachers. （ 句）句）nHe has two sons; both of _are teachers. （ 句）句）nHe has two sons, both of _are teachers. （ 句）句）nA. them B. whomA A簡單簡單A AA A并列并列并列并列B B定語從定語從n分析：注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號和是否有連詞是區(qū)分析：注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號和是否有連詞是區(qū)分定語從句、簡單句和并列句的一個(gè)關(guān)分定語從句

35、、簡單句和并列句的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵。鍵。 n2. as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句與引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句與 it引導(dǎo)的句子引導(dǎo)的句子nThe earth is round, and _is known to all.n_is known to all, the earth is round.n_is known to all that the earth is round. nA. (I)it B. A(a)s A AB BA An3. 定語從句和狀語從句定語從句和狀語從句n(1) This is such a big stone _no one can lift it.（ 從句）從句）nThis is

36、 such a big stone _no one can lift. （ 從句）從句）狀語狀語thatthatasas定語定語分析：從引導(dǎo)詞來看，狀語從句中的分析：從引導(dǎo)詞來看，狀語從句中的that that 是連詞，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，是連詞，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，而定語從句中的而定語從句中的asas在從句中要作一個(gè)成分在從句中要作一個(gè)成分（主語，賓語或表語）。（主語，賓語或表語）。n(2) Please put the letter in the drawer where he can easily find it. （ 從句從句）nPlease put the letter wh

37、ere he can easily find it. （ 從句）從句）定語定語狀語狀語總結(jié)：總結(jié)：wherewhere前面有被修飾的前面有被修飾的地點(diǎn)名詞地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)，時(shí)，是定語從句，否則是狀語從句。是定語從句，否則是狀語從句。n4. when引導(dǎo)的定語從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型。引導(dǎo)的定語從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型。nIt was October _we met in Beijing for the first time.（ 句）句）nIt was in October _ we met in Beijing for the first time.（ 句）句）whenwhenthatthat定語從定語從強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào)總

38、結(jié)：強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型：總結(jié)：強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型：It is/was+It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分部分+that/who +that/who +其它部分，去掉其它部分，去掉It It is/wasthat/who, is/wasthat/who, 句子照樣成立。而句子照樣成立。而定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞在句中要作一成分。定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞在句中要作一成分。n解題技巧：解題技巧：n1. 通讀全句。首先判斷是什么句型。通讀全句。首先判斷是什么句型。n2. 題干句如果是疑問句式，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為題干句如果是疑問句式，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句式。陳述句式。n3. 分析從句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，在定語從句中分析從句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，在定語從句中，

39、缺什么，就補(bǔ)什么：缺主語或賓語，缺什么，就補(bǔ)什么：缺主語或賓語，用關(guān)系代詞；缺狀語，用關(guān)系副詞用關(guān)系代詞；缺狀語，用關(guān)系副詞n4. 注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號和題干中是否存在并列注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號和題干中是否存在并列連詞連詞and, but等。等。n即學(xué)即用：即學(xué)即用：n1) Yesterday my physics teacher set such a difficult exam problem _ none of us worked out. nA. that B. as nC. so that D. whichB B n2) Here are players from Japan, some of _ a

40、re our old friends.nA. which B. that nC. whom D. themC C n3) It was eleven oclock _ they went out of the cinema.nA. which B. that nC. when D. on whichC C 1. Ill never forget the days _ we worked together.2. Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3. I went to the place _ I worked ten years ago

41、.when /in whichwhichwhere/ in which幾種易混的情況幾種易混的情況及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞4. I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5. This is the reason _ he was late. 6. This is the reason _ he gave. whichwhy/ for whichthat/which及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞 1. Last week , 0nly two people came to look at the house，_ wanted to buy them.

42、 A. None of them B. Both of them C. None of whom D. Neither of whom The man pulled out a golden watch, -_were made of small diamonds. A . The hands of whom B . Whom the hands of C . Which the hands of D . The hands of which The newly built cafe, the walls of _are painted light green, is really a pea

43、ceful place for us, especially after hard work. A . That B . It C .what D . which Thats the new machian_parts are too small to be seen. A . That B . Which C . Whose D .what You will find taxis waiting at the bus station _you can hire to reach your host family. A . Which B . Where C .when D . as Julie was good at German, French ,and Russian ,all of _she spoke fluently. A . Who B. Whom C. Which D. that (2011四川高考四川高考) That evening,_ I will tell you more abo