三年高考(2014-2016)英語(yǔ)試題分項(xiàng)版解析 專題05動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)解析版 Word版含解析

1、專題5 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)2016年高考題1.【2016·北京】21.Jack _ in the lab when the power cut occurred.A. worksB. has workedC. was workingD. would work【答案】C考點(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】一、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞(-ing) 二、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：1、表示在過(guò)去某時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，通常與表過(guò)去的時(shí)間壯語(yǔ)連用。例如：At this moment yesterday, I was packing for camp.昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候，我正在收拾東西去露營(yíng)

2、。2、表移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等詞的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，可以表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如：She told me that she was going to Hainan for her holiday. 她告訴我她將去海南度假。3、在含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，表示一個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)或發(fā)生之后，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。例如：It was raining when they left the station. 他們離開(kāi)車站時(shí)，正下著雨。 When I got to the top of the mountain, the

3、sun was shining.我到達(dá)山頂時(shí)，陽(yáng)光燦爛。4、在敘述或描寫過(guò)去的事情時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)經(jīng)常與其它過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，特別時(shí)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用。但是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)往往是表示背景。例如：One night, he was typing in his study. Suddenly, a man broke into his house and cut off the electricity.一天晚上，他正在書房里打字。突然，一個(gè)人闖進(jìn)屋來(lái)，切斷了電源。2.【2016·北京】23. Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?The new Star W

4、ars. We _ here for more than two hours.A. waited B. wait C. would be waiting D. have been waiting【答案】D考點(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞have/has been+ -ing形式”構(gòu)成。用法如下：1. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并有可能延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。常和for，since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。-Hi, Tracy, you look tired. -I am tired. I have been painting the living room all day.Th

5、ey have been living here for 10 years. 他們住在這里十年了。2. 表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到說(shuō)話時(shí)候剛結(jié)束。I have been waiting you for about one hour.。(說(shuō)話時(shí)"等"的動(dòng)作剛結(jié)束)She has been working all night long.3. 表示重復(fù)（只斷斷續(xù)續(xù)，而非一直不停） Weve been discussing the matter several times this year. I have been saying goodbye to some fri

6、ends today.3.【2016·北京】25. I _ half of the English novel, and Ill try to finish it at the weekend.A. read B. have read C. am reading D. will read【答案】B【解析】試題分析：題目考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我已經(jīng)看完了這本英文小說(shuō)的一半，周末會(huì)盡力把另一半看完。發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。“看小說(shuō)”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，到目前為止看了一半，故用完成時(shí)，故選B。考點(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本用法：1、表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)

7、在造成的影響或結(jié)果，常與already, yet, ever, never, just，before 等詞連用。例如：Have you ever cooked at home? 你吃晚飯了嗎？You have already grown much taller.你已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)高了許多。2、表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。往往和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，常用的有：for一段時(shí)間；since+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)或從句。（Since 用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間，for用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度），提問(wèn)用How long.例如：It has been five years since he joined the

8、 army .他參軍五年了。 They have learned English for eight years .他們已學(xué)了八年的英語(yǔ)了。3、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)需注意的問(wèn)題：1表示短暫性的動(dòng)詞不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用appear, begin, borrow, lend, buy, close,come, die, fall, find, finish, join, kill, leave, sell, stop等。例如：He has joined the army for five years. （錯(cuò)誤）He has been in the army for five years.(正確)注意

9、：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的。（錯(cuò)）I have received his letter for a month.（對(duì)）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.2不能和明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：yesterday, last week, in 1998,two days ago等。3have/has been to 和have/has gone to 的區(qū)別： have/has been to 去過(guò)某地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)； have/has gone to 去了某地，在去的路

10、上或已經(jīng)在那里。I saw this film yesterday. （強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了）I have seen this film. （強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了）Why did you get up so early? （強(qiáng)調(diào)起床的動(dòng)作已發(fā)生過(guò)了）He has been a League member for three years. （強(qiáng)調(diào)他是團(tuán)員）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)除可以和for、since引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)連用外，還可以和下面的介詞短語(yǔ)連用：during / in /over the last(past)few years (months, weeks)、in r

11、ecent years等。下列句型中常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)It is (has been) + 一段時(shí)間 + since從句This(That / It)is the first(second)time that + 完成時(shí)This(That / It)is the only + that + 完成時(shí)This(that / It)is the best / finest / most interesting + that 從句 + 完成時(shí)在時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。如：I shall post the letter as soon as I have written it.I

12、f you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory better.Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.4.【2016·北京】30. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts _ with success in the end.A. rewarded B. were rewardedC. will reward D. will be rewarded【答案】D考點(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)

13、和語(yǔ)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示未來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常用will / shall + 動(dòng)詞（常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)邊用如tomorrow、next week等）。表示一種趨向或習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。Well die without air or water.表示趨向行為的動(dòng)詞如come、go、start、begin、leave等詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式表示將來(lái)時(shí)。be going to與will / shall, be to do, be about to do用法及區(qū)別：A shall / will do表示未事先考慮過(guò)，即說(shuō)話時(shí)臨時(shí)作出的決定。B be going to 表示現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)?lái)要做某事，這種打

14、算往往經(jīng)過(guò)事先考慮，甚至已做了某種準(zhǔn)備；be going to 表將來(lái)，不能用在條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句中；而will則能，表意愿。如：If it is fine, well go fishing.(正確)If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(錯(cuò)誤)C be to do sth.表按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，還可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。A meeting is to be held at 3:00 oclock this afternoon.D be about to do sth.表示“即將或者正要去做某事”，通常不與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,但可與wh

15、en引導(dǎo)的從句連用，構(gòu)成?？季湫停簊b was about to do when sb did sth。Autumn harvest is about to start.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成一般式進(jìn)行式完成式現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are+p.pam/is/are+being+ p.phave/has+been + p.p過(guò)去時(shí)was/were+ p.pwas/were+being+ p.phad +been + p.p將來(lái)時(shí)shall/will+be+p.pshall/will+have been+ p.p注意：含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的謂語(yǔ)變化為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：由“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can, may must, have to

16、等）+be +動(dòng)詞的-ed形式構(gòu)成。含有“be going to , be to, used to, be about to”等結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：其構(gòu)成為“be going to （be to, used to, be about to）+ be +動(dòng)詞的-ed形式”。5.【2016·江蘇】22.More efforts, as reported, _in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.A.are madeB.will be madeC.are beingmadeD.have

17、been made【答案】B考點(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)6.【2016·江蘇】29.Dashan, who_crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it upwith the Western stand-up tradition.A.will be learning B. is learningC. had been learning D. has been learning【答案】D【解析】試題分析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。本句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是“for decades幾十年來(lái)”，該時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)通常和現(xiàn)在完成的有關(guān)時(shí)態(tài)連

18、用，本句強(qiáng)調(diào)這幾十年來(lái)大山一直努力把中國(guó)相聲和西方的脫口秀相結(jié)合。所以使用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性和反復(fù)性。故D正確?？键c(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)7.【2016·天津】3. When walking down the street, I came across David, when I _ for years. A. didnt see B. havent seen C. hadnt seen D. wouldnt see【答案】C【解析】試題分析：句意：當(dāng)沿著街道散步的時(shí)候，我遇見(jiàn)了多年未見(jiàn)的David。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，“not see”這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在come across之前，是過(guò)去的過(guò)去

19、發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選C?？键c(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)主要由動(dòng)詞的形式?jīng)Q定，因此在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，要注意分析動(dòng)詞形式及具體語(yǔ)境，想象在那個(gè)特定的時(shí)間動(dòng)作所發(fā)生的背景，這個(gè)動(dòng)作是經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作、一般性動(dòng)作、進(jìn)行性動(dòng)作、完成性動(dòng)作還是將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。過(guò)去完成時(shí)是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài)，表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，還有一個(gè)特點(diǎn)就是和過(guò)去的一段時(shí)間搭配。8.【2016·浙江】9. Silk _ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.A. had become B. was becoming

20、 C. has become D.is becoming【答案】A【名師點(diǎn)睛】動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)是選擇題中必考內(nèi)容之一，動(dòng)詞的各種時(shí)態(tài)形式都可能考到，不過(guò)最?？嫉氖且话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，以及一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，同時(shí)還常與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一起考查，做語(yǔ)法填空題時(shí)，首先要判斷括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，如本小題第一個(gè)空就是考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；若是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，就要考慮時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣(陳述語(yǔ)氣還是虛擬語(yǔ)氣)、主謂一致四個(gè)方面，本小題考查過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從三個(gè)方面來(lái)進(jìn)行判斷：1. 看句子中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，本小題時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是by about 100 BC，故判斷是過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

21、2. 在沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要看上下文的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式。3. 看是否是特殊句型等。如：It was+the first time+that從句中用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。2015年高考題1.【2015·北京】22.-Did you enjoy the party?-Yes,we_by our hosts.A.were treated B.would be treated. C.treated D.had treated【答案】A 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，本題需要先看句子中有沒(méi)有明確的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，然后再看有沒(méi)有相關(guān)的詞，比如隱藏的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，和一些動(dòng)詞

22、的過(guò)去式。解答時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)題時(shí)，學(xué)生需要注意結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境，找出相關(guān)提示詞來(lái)判斷時(shí)態(tài)；并且分析出主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞是主謂關(guān)系還是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。2.【2015·北京】26.in the last few years,China _ great achievements in environmental protection.A.has made B.had made C.was making D.is making【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：在過(guò)去的這些年里，中國(guó)在環(huán)境保護(hù)中取得了很大的成就。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the last few years可推知?jiǎng)幼鲝倪^(guò)去一段時(shí)間持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響，

23、用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選A?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】判斷時(shí)態(tài)可以從時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)入手，題干中的in the last few years為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞。類似的還有over/ for/ during the last/ past years/months均為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志，所以做此類題時(shí)，需要先看句子中是否有明確的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，然后我再判斷時(shí)態(tài)。3.【2015·北京】27.Did you have difficulty finding Ann'house?Not really.She_us clear directions and we were able to fin

24、d it.easily?A.was to give B.had given C.was giving D.would give【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：你覺(jué)得找到安娜家的位置困難么?不會(huì)。她告訴我們很清晰的方向，并且我們很容易就找到了。根據(jù)題干可知，安娜告訴他們方向發(fā)生在他們找到她家之前，因此，發(fā)生在過(guò)去動(dòng)作之前的動(dòng)作要采用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選B?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本題考查學(xué)生對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)的掌握情況，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)都是考試中常出的考點(diǎn)。分析前后兩句兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，判斷出后者的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在前者的動(dòng)作之前，是過(guò)去的過(guò)去，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。4.【2015·北京】30. Dr. J

25、ackson is not in his office at the moment.All right. I_ him later.A. will call B. have called C. call D will be calling【答案】A【考點(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本題根據(jù)對(duì)話形式進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)考查，句中包含的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是解答此題的突破點(diǎn)。所以要做好此類題，一定要注意題中有沒(méi)有明確的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或者其他可以代替時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞，所以根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可以看出正確答案。5.【2015·重慶】1.Is Peter coming?No, he_ his mind after a phone cal

26、l at the last minute.A. changesB. changed C. was changing D. had changed【答案】B 【解析】試題分析：句意：彼得來(lái)了嗎？沒(méi)有，剛才接到一個(gè)電話后改變主意了。根據(jù)at the last minute在最后一秒可能發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。【考點(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。【名師點(diǎn)睛】動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一直是熱點(diǎn)，需要根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)進(jìn)行確定，但本題要根據(jù)當(dāng)時(shí)的語(yǔ)境來(lái)進(jìn)行再次確認(rèn)，才得到答案。首先看到第一句話Is Peter coming來(lái)了嗎？可知彼得還沒(méi)有來(lái)，而下句話at the last minute最后一刻，符合一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法中的

27、，第一條：一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生，并且一下子就完成了的動(dòng)作（即：非持續(xù)性動(dòng)作）。6.【2015·重慶】13. In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat_ cut.A. will have been B. will be C. was D. has been【答案】D 【解析】試題分析：句意：在我的家鄉(xiāng)，麥子豐收過(guò)后農(nóng)民會(huì)有一個(gè)慶祝晚餐?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，才會(huì)舉行慶?；顒?dòng)，故選D項(xiàng)。【考點(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成

28、時(shí)由“have/has+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成，主要有兩個(gè)含義：表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但與現(xiàn)在的情況有聯(lián)系，有時(shí)無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)和一些表示不確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并還可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作，用于延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，且句中常帶有表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。7.【2015·浙江】8. Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.A. has been B. ha

29、d been C. was going to be D. was【答案】C【考點(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】分析4個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以知道，該題考查的其實(shí)是不同的時(shí)態(tài)。掌握英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，必須掌握好英語(yǔ)中的助動(dòng)詞(do, be, have)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)這兩個(gè)核心問(wèn)題，如本題的1879, would change的提示。另外也要結(jié)合使用語(yǔ)境綜合分析選項(xiàng)，最終得出答案。8.【2015·天津】 Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement_ so far by the two sides.A. has been reached B. was

30、reached C. will reachD. will have reached【答案】A【考點(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,也可表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。分析此題只需要牢牢抓住時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)so far“到目前為止”，從而判定出所應(yīng)當(dāng)運(yùn)用的時(shí)態(tài)。9.【2015·天津】6. Jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she _ a class at that time. A. will teachB. woul

31、d teach C. has taught D. will be teaching【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：簡(jiǎn)不能參加今天下午3點(diǎn)鐘的會(huì)議，因?yàn)樗莻€(gè)時(shí)候在一個(gè)班上課。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)at that time，指代at 3 oclock this afternoon，表示在將來(lái)的某一時(shí)刻正在做某事，故用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。故選D?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，或表示要在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始，并繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。分析此題需抓住時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，以及that time所代指的時(shí)間，再聯(lián)系所學(xué)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)所應(yīng)用的范圍及句意可以選擇正確的答案。10.【

32、2015·四川】4.More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.A. are being built B. will be built C. have been built D. had been built【答案】B【解析】試題分析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。本句為時(shí)態(tài)題，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)soon可知，考查了將來(lái)時(shí)，故選擇B。句意為：四川將建設(shè)更多的高速公路以促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟(jì)。【考點(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)是靠動(dòng)詞的變化來(lái)體現(xiàn)的，在具體做題時(shí)，需要關(guān)注的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。因此，考生在做本題時(shí)，需要先找出

33、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)soon，然后才能準(zhǔn)確判斷時(shí)態(tài)是一般將來(lái)時(shí)。通過(guò)觀察選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)A是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；選項(xiàng)B是一般將來(lái)時(shí)；選項(xiàng)C是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；選項(xiàng)D是過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選擇B。11.【2015·陜西】24. At college, Barack Obama didnt know that he the first black president of the United States of America.A. was to become B. becomes C. is to become D. became 【答案】A【考點(diǎn)定位】考查過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)【名師點(diǎn)睛】英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)主要由動(dòng)詞的形式?jīng)Q定，因此

34、在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，要注意分析動(dòng)詞形式及具體語(yǔ)境，想象在那個(gè)特定的時(shí)間動(dòng)作所發(fā)生的背景，這個(gè)動(dòng)作是經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作、一般性動(dòng)作、進(jìn)行性動(dòng)作、完成性動(dòng)作還是將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。這題的解題關(guān)鍵是didnt know。12.【2015·陜西】22. Mary really hard on his book and thinks hell have finished it by Friday.A. worked B. has been working C. had worked D. has worked【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：Marty一直努力寫書，我想他到周五為止將已經(jīng)完成了。用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)

35、行時(shí)表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。所以選B?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)【名師點(diǎn)睛】英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)主要由動(dòng)詞的形式?jīng)Q定，因此在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，要注意分析動(dòng)詞形式及具體語(yǔ)境，想象在那個(gè)特定的時(shí)間動(dòng)作所發(fā)生的背景，這個(gè)動(dòng)作是經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作、一般性動(dòng)作、進(jìn)行性動(dòng)作、完成性動(dòng)作還是將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在一直進(jìn)行可能還要繼續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。13.【2015·福建】30.Where is Peter? I can't find him anywhere.He went to the library after breakfast and his essay there

36、ever since.A. wroteB. had writtenC. has been writing D. is writing【答案】C【考點(diǎn)定位】考查現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)【名師點(diǎn)睛】時(shí)態(tài)的考察在高考題的應(yīng)用中也是無(wú)處不在的，時(shí)態(tài)本身的考察也是千變?nèi)f化的，本題旨在考查學(xué)生對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的理解和用法的熟悉程度，要求結(jié)合語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行分析，根據(jù)句子的意思可以判斷出當(dāng)前應(yīng)該使用哪一種時(shí)態(tài)，本題中也有一定的暗示時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志ever since，從而可以判斷出應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。14.【2015·福建】26.To my delight, Ifrom hundreds of applicants t

37、o attend the opening ceremony.A. was chosenB. was being chosen C. would choose D. had chosen【答案】A【解析】試題分析：考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意：讓我高興的是，我從成百上千的參加者中被選中參加開(kāi)幕式?？梢灾肋@里應(yīng)該是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，又因?yàn)楸贿x中是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，這里只是對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的一般描述，故用一般過(guò)去式，故選A?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)辨析。【名師點(diǎn)睛】本題旨在考查句子的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，要求學(xué)生明確地掌握各個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的定義以及它們?cè)跁r(shí)間上的劃分段和用法，以及不同語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。時(shí)態(tài)也是高考題的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)。辨明句

38、子的時(shí)態(tài)，一是看句子中有沒(méi)有明確表示時(shí)態(tài)的關(guān)鍵詞，另一個(gè)方法就是結(jié)合句意判斷動(dòng)詞的發(fā)生時(shí)間是在什么時(shí)候。15.【2015·江蘇】30.The real reason why prices _ , and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.A. were B. will be C. have been D. had been【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在價(jià)格一直居高不下的真正原因很復(fù)雜，簡(jiǎn)短的討論解釋這一問(wèn)題無(wú)法讓人

39、滿意。根據(jù)題干中“and still are”的提示可知過(guò)去價(jià)格也居高不下，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示過(guò)去的狀態(tài)。故選A項(xiàng)?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】做時(shí)態(tài)題時(shí)，考生應(yīng)抓住時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志詞，即題干中明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或已有動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，利用時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)的原則迅速鎖定正確答案。本題中已有動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，still暗示前面用一般過(guò)去時(shí)與此呼應(yīng)。C項(xiàng)容易誤選，這里現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在一直是這種狀態(tài)，包括了現(xiàn)在，與后面的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)有重復(fù)部分，故排除。16.【2015·安徽】29.It is reported that a space station _ on the moon in yea

40、rs to come.A. will be buildingB. will be builtC. has been buildingD. has been built【答案】B【考點(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。做時(shí)態(tài)類的題目，需要從句中找出時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，需要結(jié)合句意來(lái)判斷句子的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“in years to come”可知，這里說(shuō)的是將來(lái)的事情，且空間站是被建造的，space station和build是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。17.【2015·安徽】24.Just as I got to the school gate, I realised I _

41、my bank in the cafe.A. have leftB. had leftC would leaveD. was leaving【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：我剛一到學(xué)校門口，就意識(shí)到我把書落在餐館了。realized后省略了that，這里是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句時(shí)態(tài)與主句保持一致，“落下”的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“意識(shí)到”之前，應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故選B?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。賓語(yǔ)從句的“三要素”是連接詞、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)序。連接詞主要可分為三種，即that；if/whether；what/how/when/where等；賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述句語(yǔ)序；賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)要與主句保持一致，發(fā)

42、生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”的動(dòng)作，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。18.【2015·湖南】28.He must have sensed that I _ him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, "Why are you staring at me like that?"A. would look atB. looked atC. was looking atD. am looking at【答案】C【解析】試題分析：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，是表示過(guò)去某個(gè)具體時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的事情或動(dòng)作，如果沒(méi)有具體的時(shí)間，可以從意義上去把握。句意：他一定是注意到我

43、在看著他。他突然看向我然后輕聲問(wèn)道：“你為什么要那樣盯著我看？”根據(jù)分析，此句在意義上應(yīng)該用進(jìn)行時(shí)，又根據(jù)此句中的must have sensed和glanced at可知是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選C【考點(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可以知道，該題考查的其實(shí)是不同的時(shí)態(tài)。掌握英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，必須掌握好英語(yǔ)中的助動(dòng)詞(do, be, have)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)這兩個(gè)核心問(wèn)題，如根據(jù)本題的He must have sensed和He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly提示。另外也要結(jié)合使用語(yǔ)境綜合分析選項(xiàng)，最終得出答案。19.【2015·湖南】25

44、.I wasn't able to hide my eagerness when I _, "What do you wish me to do now?"A. askB. have asked C. am askingD. asked【答案】D【考點(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)。【名師點(diǎn)睛】分析4個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以知道，該題考查的其實(shí)是不同的時(shí)態(tài)。掌握英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，必須掌握好英語(yǔ)中的助動(dòng)詞(do, be, have)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)這兩個(gè)核心問(wèn)題，如本題的I wasn't able to是一個(gè)提示。另外也要結(jié)合使用語(yǔ)境綜合分析選項(xiàng)，最終得出答案。20.【2015

45、3;湖南】22.As you go through this book, you _ that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience.A. will findB. foundC. had foundD. have found【答案】A【解析】試題分析：一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。在一般將來(lái)時(shí)的句子中，有時(shí)有表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)要從意思上判斷是否指未來(lái)的動(dòng)作或情況。句意：當(dāng)你通讀這本書的時(shí)候，你將會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)成千上萬(wàn)的經(jīng)歷過(guò)二戰(zhàn)的每個(gè)

46、人都有不同的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)句意，判斷主語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來(lái)時(shí)，故選A【考點(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本題旨在考查句子的時(shí)態(tài)，要求學(xué)生明確地掌握各個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的定義以及它們?cè)跁r(shí)間上的劃分段和用法?！爸鷦?dòng)詞will或shall+動(dòng)詞原形”這一形式，表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的事情，用于征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)或表示客氣的邀請(qǐng)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示到說(shuō)話時(shí)為止（或到現(xiàn)在為止）已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了（不一定結(jié)束）的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，共有四種主要用法：一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示影響；二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示持續(xù)；三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示重復(fù)；四、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來(lái)。而在此題中As you go through this book是一個(gè)現(xiàn)在時(shí)了，所以后文就不能出現(xiàn)過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去

47、完成時(shí)。雖然在此題中沒(méi)有明確的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，但從意思上還是可以理解出來(lái)的。21.【2015·湖南】35.That's why I help brighten people's days. If you _， who's to say that another person will?A. didn't B. don'tCweren't Dhaven't【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。【名師點(diǎn)睛】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):表示通常性、規(guī)律性、習(xí)慣性的狀態(tài)或者動(dòng)作（有時(shí)間規(guī)律發(fā)生的事件）的一種時(shí)間狀態(tài)；在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中,當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),

48、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,即常在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s或-es.在本題目中，可以從這個(gè)角度來(lái)判斷，主將從現(xiàn)是指在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代一般將來(lái)時(shí)。比如：條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，那么從句常常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 如： When I grow up, Ill be a nurse and look after patients 我長(zhǎng)大后要當(dāng)一名護(hù)士，照顧病人。22.【2015·湖南】32.I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but _ thankfully by

49、the shop window.A. am held back B. held backChold back Dwas held back【答案】D 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。【名師點(diǎn)睛】【名師點(diǎn)睛】分析4個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以知道，該題考查的其實(shí)是不同的時(shí)態(tài)。掌握英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，必須掌握好英語(yǔ)中的助動(dòng)詞(do, be, have)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)這兩個(gè)核心問(wèn)題，如本題的判斷, 根據(jù)主句中的had可知時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。另外也要結(jié)合使用語(yǔ)境綜合分析選項(xiàng)，最終得出答案。2014年高考英語(yǔ)分項(xiàng)解析精編版專題05動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)1.【2014·全國(guó)大綱卷】22. Unless some extra

50、money_, the theatre will be close.A. was found B. finds C. is found D. found【答案】C【解析】試題分析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：除非找到一些額外的錢，否則，劇院就倒閉了。根據(jù)主句的將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)可知，狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)，因?yàn)閒ind和money之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選C?？键c(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本題考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。表示讓步、相似、比例的從句也必須用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)：You will fail to arrive there

51、 in time unless you start earlier. 除非你早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身，否則你就不能及時(shí)趕到那兒。Ill follow him wherever he goes. 他去哪兒，我就跟著去哪兒。Whatever you say, I wont pay. 無(wú)論你說(shuō)什么，我都不會(huì)付錢。Whether we help him or not, he will fail. 無(wú)論我們幫他與否，他都會(huì)失敗。The more you eat, the fatter you will become. 你吃得越多就會(huì)越胖?？忌⒁鈿w納總結(jié)。2.【2014·全國(guó)大綱卷】32.The repor

52、ts went missing in 2012 and nobody _them since.A. seesB. saw C. has seen D. had seen【答案】C【解析】試題分析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：那些報(bào)告于2012年丟失了，從那以后沒(méi)有人見(jiàn)過(guò)它們。此題解題的關(guān)鍵詞是后面的since，此處意為：從那以后。這是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志。故選C?？键c(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本題抓住since這一現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志即可輕松解題。另外還有一些標(biāo)志，already（肯定）, yet（否定，疑問(wèn)）, just, before, recently, still, lately ,never, ev

53、er, never, twice, on several occasion, in the past few days/weeks/months/years,(up to)these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, just, up to present, so far, up to now, till now, since+時(shí)間，這些常常出現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句子中，考生可以了解歸納。3.【2014·重慶卷】4. Youd better write down her phone number befor

54、e you _ it. A. forget B. are forgetting C. forgot D. will forget【答案】A考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】考查用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表將來(lái)?！爸鲗默F(xiàn)”原則：當(dāng)主句為將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)或表示將來(lái)意義時(shí)，時(shí)間和條件的狀語(yǔ)從句必須用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)：I will write to her when I have time. 我有空會(huì)給她寫信。 Turn off the lights before you leave. 走前關(guān)燈。If we hurry, we may catch the bus. 如果趕緊走我們可能趕得上公共汽車。Tell me in

55、case you get into difficulty. 遇到困難請(qǐng)告訴我。這類題型高考中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，考生要掌握這種題型。4.【2014·重慶卷】8. James has just arrived, but I didnt know he _ until yesterday. A. will come B. was coming C. had come D. came【答案】B【解析】試題分析：本題意為：“我”此前不知道James要來(lái)。本題中“不知道”的是一個(gè)尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，排除C、D兩項(xiàng)。didnt know要求后接表示“過(guò)去將來(lái)”的動(dòng)詞，排除A項(xiàng)。故B項(xiàng)正確?？键c(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的

56、語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本題難度較大，關(guān)鍵在于理解題干內(nèi)容。句意是James剛剛已經(jīng)到了，但我直到昨天才知道他要來(lái)。這是一個(gè)表轉(zhuǎn)折的并列句。兩個(gè)分句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)間不一樣，第一個(gè)分句說(shuō)：JAMES 剛剛已經(jīng)到了，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)來(lái)表示。而第二個(gè)分句說(shuō)：我直到昨天才知道他要來(lái)，昨天知道這件事情的時(shí)候他還沒(méi)來(lái)，所以“來(lái)”的這個(gè)動(dòng)作應(yīng)該用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。 考生要注意混合時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用。5.【2014·北京卷】32. I found the lecture hard to follow because it _ when I arrived. A. startedB. was startingC. would startD. had started【答案】D考點(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以知道，該題考查的其實(shí)是不同的時(shí)態(tài)。掌握英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，必須掌握好英語(yǔ)中的助動(dòng)詞(do, be, have)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)這兩個(gè)核心問(wèn)題，如本題, 根據(jù)主句中的when I arrived. 可知時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去完成時(shí)。另外也要結(jié)合使用語(yǔ)境綜合分析選項(xiàng)，最終得出答案。6.【2014