2022年初一英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn).192

1、【學(xué) 習(xí)目標(biāo)】一、 語(yǔ)音知識(shí)1. 2. 單詞重讀dinner kitchen shower people forget piano delicious review二、 詞匯 1. 1-6單元黑體字 單詞 2. 詞組what about=how about 怎么樣(認(rèn)為如何fall asleep=be asleep 入睡eat up 吃光go to bed 上床睡 覺(jué)watch tv 看電視only child 獨(dú)生子、獨(dú)生女wash the dishes 洗盤(pán)子at school/home/work 在學(xué)校 / 家/ 工作go up 起床live with sb. 和某人住在一起三、日常用語(yǔ)

2、1. whats your name? my name is mike.2. are you happy? yes, i am./no, im not.3. whats your favorite subject? my favorite subject is english.4. do you like sports? yes, i do./no, i dont.四、 語(yǔ)法1. 詞類(lèi):名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副 詞2. 比較等級(jí)精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p

3、 d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -【知 識(shí)講解】1. 名詞 表示人或事物的名稱(chēng) ,如boy, clock, book, tree?？偟恼f(shuō)來(lái),名詞分為專(zhuān)有名詞和普通名 詞兩大類(lèi)。專(zhuān)有名詞是個(gè)別的人、事物、地點(diǎn)等專(zhuān)有的名稱(chēng) ,如:jim, china專(zhuān)有名詞的第一個(gè)字母要大寫(xiě) ,如:beijing, new york 名詞按其所表示的事物的性 質(zhì)分為可數(shù)名 詞和不可數(shù)名 詞?？蓴?shù)名 詞:可以用數(shù)目 計(jì)算,有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式 ,如:an apple, two apples, a car, some cars

4、不可數(shù)名 詞:一般無(wú)法用數(shù)目 計(jì)算,沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式 ,且不用不定冠 詞a/an 修飾,如:water, milk, meat, tea, bread, rice 單數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)名 詞的規(guī)則如下表 :注: 少數(shù)名 詞的復(fù)數(shù)是不 規(guī)則的,如:man men woman womenchild children 表示民族的名 詞,有的在 詞尾加s ,如:an american three americans 有的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式相同,如:a chinese four chinese a sheepthree sheep a deer five deer2. 冠詞冠詞是一種虛 詞,不能單獨(dú)使用 ,只能和一個(gè)名

5、 詞一起使用 ,并幫助 說(shuō)明此名 詞。冠詞有精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -兩類(lèi),即定冠 詞the 和不定冠 詞a/an。 不定冠 詞常表示 “ 一” 的概念 ,有兩種形式 :a和an。 a用在輔音音素開(kāi) 頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名 詞前,如:a book, a pen;an 用在元音音素開(kāi) 頭的名詞前,如:an apple,an orange,

6、an egg。 定冠詞the 常表示 “ 這個(gè)”“那個(gè)”“這些”“那些” 的概念 ,the在元音音素前 讀,在輔音音素前 讀,如:the moon, the evening 。eg. -do you have an english book? -yes, but the english book is broken. there is a chicken in the picture. we cant see the sun at night. the browns are going to the park this sunday. shanghai is in the east of ch

7、ina.3. 形容詞用來(lái)修 飾名詞,表示人或事物的特征 ,在句中可以作定 語(yǔ)、表 語(yǔ)、 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ) 足語(yǔ)。如:its a sunny day today. lets go to the park.this book is good.its very nice of you to help us.常見(jiàn)形容詞的同義詞與近義詞:large big 大的glad happy/pleased 高興的clever bright 聰明的illsick 病fine well好的常見(jiàn)形容詞的反義詞和對(duì)應(yīng)詞 :精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 頁(yè)，共 16

8、 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -bad(壞的good(好的big(大的small(小的poor(窮的rich(富的 busy(忙的free(空閑的dry(干的wet(濕的same( 相同的 different(不同的 empty(空的full( 滿的cold(寒冷的 hot(熱的open(開(kāi)著的closed(關(guān)閉的4. 副詞用來(lái)修 飾動(dòng)詞 、形容 詞、其他副詞或全句 ,在句中作狀 語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。eg. now he is back in new

9、 york again.現(xiàn)在他又回到了 紐約。mike is a good student. he often does his homework carefully.副詞一般分 為七大類(lèi): 時(shí)間副詞:now, often, then, early, ago, before 地點(diǎn)副 詞:here, there, out, above, up, down 方式副 詞:hard, well, badly, fast, slowly 程度副 詞:very, much, still, almost, too, so 疑問(wèn)副詞:how, when, why, where 關(guān)系副 詞:when, wher

10、e, why 連接副詞:now, where, whyoften 等表示 “ 頻率” 的時(shí)間副詞,總被放在句子中 間,又稱(chēng)“ 中置副 詞” 。 這類(lèi)副詞有always (總是、 usually(通常、sometimes( 有時(shí)、 ever(曾經(jīng)、 never(從不等?！?中置” 規(guī)律:精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - - 放在單個(gè)的be

11、動(dòng)詞之后; 放在單個(gè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 之前; 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為 多個(gè)詞時(shí),放在第一個(gè)助 動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 之后。如:you are always late for school. 你總是上學(xué) 遲到。i usually go to school by bike.i never see that book.he often helps other students.he goes to work on foot sometimes.5. 比較等級(jí)在進(jìn)行比較的時(shí)候,形容詞和副詞有原級(jí)、比 較級(jí)和最高 級(jí)三種形式。規(guī)則形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高 級(jí)加-er或-est。(1不規(guī)則變 化的形容 詞和副詞如下:good/w

12、ell betterbest bad wors worst(許多many/muchmoremost (幾乎沒(méi)有 littleless least(遠(yuǎn)的far fartherfarthest (老的,舊的old(2三種句型 原級(jí)句型:as+形容詞/副詞+as,表示“ 和一樣”;否定句式 :not as/so +形容詞/副詞+as,表示“ 和不一樣” 。精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 頁(yè)，

13、共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -eg. i think kate does just as well as ann.if you like the chicken, you may have as much as you can.i dont like the film. its not so interesting as that one. 比較級(jí)句型:a. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+比較級(jí)+than+其它,表示“ 較一些” 。eg. this city is more beautiful than that one.it is hotter today than yesterday.he

14、 is a much nicer worker.b. 比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí),more and more+原級(jí),表示“ 越來(lái)越 ”,說(shuō)明本身程度的改 變。eg. the worlds population is growing faster and faster.世界人口增 長(zhǎng)得越來(lái)越快。more and more beautiful越來(lái)越漂亮c. the+比較級(jí), the+比較級(jí),表示“ 越就越”, 說(shuō)明隨著前 邊條件的 變化,后邊的結(jié)果也發(fā)生變化。eg. the more she eats, the fatter shell be. 她吃得越多就會(huì)越胖。the more, the bett

15、er. 越多越好。 最高級(jí)句型:精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+(the形容詞或副詞的最高級(jí)+in/of注:最高級(jí)前一般要用 the,如:he is the most careful student.但在副 詞最高級(jí)前the可以省去 ,如:he writes(themost carefully in his class.t

16、his kind of cake is the most delicious.i like english best.mike is the youngest in his class.he runs fastest.初一英 語(yǔ)上冊(cè)專(zhuān)題重點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞一、 be動(dòng)詞1. 根據(jù)人稱(chēng)的不同 ,be動(dòng)詞有三種基本形式 ,分別為am,is和are。 am用于單數(shù)第一人稱(chēng) (i;is用于單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng) (he,she,it;are 用于第二人稱(chēng)和復(fù)數(shù)第一 ,二,三人稱(chēng) (we, you,they。例:i am fifteen years old.我十五 歲了。you are my friend forever.你

17、永遠(yuǎn)是我的朋友。he is a hard-working student.他是一個(gè)刻苦努力的學(xué)生。the students are reading books in the classroom.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -學(xué)生們都在教室里 讀書(shū)。2. be 動(dòng)詞的否定形式直接在后面加 not.i am not fifteen ye

18、ars old.he is not a hard-working student.the students are not reading books in the classroom.3. 把be動(dòng)詞的肯定句 變成疑問(wèn)則要直接把 動(dòng)詞be提到句首 ,變型如下 :are you fifteen years old?is he a hard-working student?are the students reading books in the classroom?二. 行為動(dòng)詞1. match v. 相稱(chēng);匹配 match. . . with. . .e. g. match the word

19、s with the pictures,please.請(qǐng)把單詞和圖畫(huà)相搭配。2. practise v. 練習(xí)practise doing sth. 練習(xí)做。e. g. he practices speaking english every day.他每天都 練習(xí)讀 英語(yǔ)。3. welcome v. 歡迎.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 8 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 8 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - -

20、 - welcome sb. to sp.e. g. please welcome betty and tony to our school.歡迎貝蒂和托尼來(lái)我 們學(xué)校。4. invite v. 邀請(qǐng) invite sb. to do sth.e.g. tom invites me to go to the concert with him on saturday.湯姆邀請(qǐng)我跟他周六一起去參加音樂(lè)會(huì)。 invite sb. to sp.e. g. daming invites t ony to the cinema.大明邀 請(qǐng)托尼去看 電影。 invitation(n. send an inv

21、itation to sb. 對(duì)某人發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)5. ask v. 請(qǐng)求 ask sb. to do sth.e. g. tony asks daming to go to a basketball match.托尼叫大明一起去看 籃球賽。6. have v. 有 have lessons 上課 have a rest 休息精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 9 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 9 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - -

22、- - - - - have a look at sth. 看看. have dinner 吃飯 have a good time 玩的開(kāi)心 have a break 課間休息 have a party 舉辦聚會(huì)e. g. we have three lessons in the morning.我們?cè)缟嫌腥?節(jié)課。at eleven oclock,we have a break and i talk with my friends.11點(diǎn)我們課間 休息,我和我的朋友 們聊天。in the evening,we watch tv and have dinner. i do my homewor

23、k and go to bed at ten oclock.晚上,我們看電視并且吃晚 飯。我做作業(yè)然后十點(diǎn)上床睡 覺(jué)。7. send v. 發(fā)送 send sb sth(send sth. to sb. e. g. we usually send him a birthday card.我們經(jīng)常送給他一張生日卡片。8. make v. 制作。 make sth. for sb.e. g. and we often make a cake for his birthday.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 10 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - -

24、- - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 10 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -我們經(jīng)常為他的生日做一個(gè)生日蛋糕。 make travel plans on the internete. g. do you often make travel plans on the internet?你們經(jīng)常在網(wǎng)上制定旅游 計(jì)劃么? make a trip to the zooe. g. lets make a trip to the zoo.讓我們一起去 動(dòng)物園吧。9. like v. 喜歡 like doin

25、g sth.e. g. damings uncle likes reading and he reads a lot of books.大明的叔叔喜 歡閱讀 ,并且他 經(jīng)常讀很多書(shū)。 would like sth/to do sth.e. g. would you like to go to the cinema with betty and me?你愿意跟我和 貝蒂一起去 電影院么 ?would you like some tea?你想來(lái)點(diǎn)茶葉么 ?10. talk v. 談話 talk to (with sb.e. g. i often talk to my friends on the

26、phone.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 11 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 11 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -我經(jīng)常跟我的朋友打 電話。 talk about sth.e. g. i often talk about our favorite singers with my best friends after school.我經(jīng)常在課后跟我最要好的朋友 們談?wù)?我們喜歡的歌星。11. stay

27、 v. 停留 stay at homee. g. lets stay at home and watch tv.讓我們留在家里看 電視。 stay healthye. g. mr. and mrs. brown do lots of sports and stay healthy.布朗先生和布朗太太做很多運(yùn)動(dòng),保持健康。12. visit v. 參觀 visit sb/sp.e. g. welcome to beijing zoo. sixteen thousand people visit it every year.歡迎來(lái)到北京 動(dòng)物園。每年有16000人在此參 觀。三. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can

28、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 特點(diǎn):1后面加 動(dòng)詞原型。2否定句和疑 問(wèn)句不需要借助助 動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成。精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 12 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 12 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -e. g. i can play basketball. can you?我會(huì)打 籃球,你會(huì)么 ?that cant be our teacher:our teacher is in her office right no

29、w.那不會(huì)是我 們老師,我們的老師現(xiàn)在正在 辦公室呢。動(dòng)詞練習(xí)一. 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕?詞填空。1. can you match the words _ the pictures?2. lets welcome the foreign friends _ our country.3. i want to invite my sister _ my home.4. lets have a party and i will send lots of invitations _ my friends.5. can i have a look _ your new watch?6. its fathers d

30、ay tomorrow, and i will send a present _ my father.7. can you make a cake _ me?8. my parents always buy a birthday cake _ me _ my birthday.9. she usually buys cd _ her favorite singers.10. i often talk _ my mother on the phone.11. lets stay _ home and watch tv.12. i usually download music _ the inte

31、rnet.13. i am a writer and i write my novels _ my computers.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 13 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 13 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -14. i listen _ music every day.15. the polar bear comes _ the arctic.16. he often writes _

32、 his friends.17. every day i often talk_ my parents_ the interesting things in school.18. on my birthday, i get lots of presents _ my family and friends.19. who switch_ the lights? its so dark in the room, let me switch them二、用所給動(dòng)詞 適當(dāng)形式填空。1. daming _ (be in class two.2. lingling and daming _ (be goo

33、d friends.3. lingling with daming _ (be at school now.4. he can _ (speak english.5. we can _ (play basketball and _ (swim.6. tony _ (ride a bike to school every day.7. lucy and lily sometimes _ (do their homework at school.8. i want _ (invite lily _ (seea film with me after class.9. i ask my mother

34、_ (choose a book for me.10. what about _ ( have a birthday party?11. he likes _ (play computer games and _ (play cards at weekends.12. let lingling _ (watch tv with me, please.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 14 頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 14

35、頁(yè)，共 16 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -13. how about_ (go swimming on sunday?14. i would like _ (have dinner with you tomorrow. 15. lets go and _ (see a panda. 三、時(shí)態(tài)填空。 1. we often _ (play in the playground. 2. he _ (get up at six oclock. 3. _ you _ (brush your teeth every morning. 4. what _ (do he usually_ (do a

36、fter school? 5. danny _ (study english, chinese, maths, science and art at school. 6. mike sometimes _ (go to the park with his sister. 7. at eight at night, she _ (watch tv with his parents. 8. _ mike _ (read english every day? 9. how many lessons _ your classmate _ (have on monday? 10. what time _

37、 his mother _ (do the housework? 四. 按要求修改句子。 1. do you often play basketball after school? ( 肯定回答 2. i have a lot of books. (改為否定句 3. bettys mother likes playing table tennis. ( 改為否定句 4. she lives in a town near new york. (改為一般疑 問(wèn)句 5. i watch tv every day. (改為一般疑 問(wèn)句 6. tom has got a goal. ( 改為一般疑 問(wèn)句 7. we have chinese lessons in the afternoon. (否定句 8. nancy doesnt run fast. (