2021年6月英語四級閱讀練習(xí)題（答案版

1、2021年6月英語四級閱讀練習(xí)題（答案版 2021 年 年 6 月英語四級 練習(xí)題（答案版 （一） oceanography has been defined as "the application of all sciences to the study of the sea'. before the nineteen century, scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between. certainly newton considered some theoretical aspects of

2、 it in his writings, but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work. for most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay ben

3、eath the surface. the first time that question "what is at the bottom of the oceans?' had tobe answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from europe to america was proposed. the had to know the depth profile(起伏形狀)of the route to estimate the length of

4、 cable that had to be manufactured.mote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask whatlay beneath the surface. the first time that question "what is at the bott

5、om of the oceans?' had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from europe to america was proposed. the engineers had to know the depth profile(起伏形狀)of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured. it was to maury of the us

6、 navy that the atlantic telegraph company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter. in the 1840s, maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings(測身) were taken to investigate the depths of the north atlantic and pacific oceans. later, some of his findings aroused mu

7、ch popular interest in his book the physical geography of the sea. the cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. at the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, afact which defied con

8、temporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea. within a few years oceanography was under way. in 1872 thomson led a scientific expedition(考察), which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea. their classification and analysis occupi

9、ed scientists for years and led to a five-volume report, the last volume being published in 1895. 題目：choose correct answers to the question: 1. the proposal to lay a telegraph cable from europe to america made oceanographic studies take on _. a. an academic aspect b. a military aspect c. a business

10、aspect d. an international aspect 2. it was _ that asked maury for help in oceanographic studies. a. the american navy b. some early intercontinental travelers c. those who earned a living from the sea d. the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable 3. the aim of the voyages maury was respons

11、ible for in the 1840s was _. a. to make some sounding experiments in the oceans b. to collect samples of sea plants and animals c. to estimate the length of cable that was needed d. to measure the depths of the two oceans 4. "defied' in the 5th paragraph probably means "_'. a. doub

12、ted b. gave proof to c. challenged d. agreed to 5. this passage is mainly about _. a. the beginnings of oceanography b. the laying of the first undersea cable c. the investigation of ocean depths d. the early intercontinental communications 參考答案： 1.c 亊實判斷題。文章第 3 段第 2 句提到，這個問題的解答是具有商業(yè)結(jié)果的。c 中的 busines

13、s 為原文中 commercial 同義改寫，故選 c。 2.d 細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第 4 段首句為一個強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是賓語。題干也是一個強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，但強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語。如果把原文的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型改為一般的句型，就知道向 maury 尋求幫助的是 the atlantic telegraph company.故答案為 d。a 是 maury 的工作單位，可以排除;原文只提到對于一些早期的穿越洲際的旅行家和依靠海洋維持生計的人，海洋并不遙遠(yuǎn)，故 b、c 與題意不符。 3.d 亊實判斷題。文章第 4 段提到，19 世紀(jì) 40 年代，maury負(fù)責(zé)推動進(jìn)行測深工作的海上航行，以此來探測北大西洋與太平洋的深度.故選 d

14、。 4.c 詞義推斷題。當(dāng)時的科學(xué)觀點(diǎn)是海洋較深的地方不存在生命，而事實上在電纜表面發(fā)現(xiàn)了活的生物.由此可知這一亊實對當(dāng)時的科學(xué)觀點(diǎn)提出質(zhì)疑，故答案為 c。 5.a 主旨題。通讀全文可知，oceanography(海洋學(xué))是全文的中心詞，本文主要講述海洋學(xué)是如何起步的，故答案為 a 。b、c 只表述了原文中個別細(xì)節(jié)，并非主題;d 跟全文無關(guān)。 （二） happiness can be described as a positive mood and a pleasant state of mind. according to recent polls (民意測驗) sixty to seven

15、ty percent of americans consider themselves to be moderately happy and one in twenty persons feels very unhappy. psychologists have been studying the factors that contribute to happiness. it is not predictable nor is a person in an apparently ideal situation necessarily happy. the ideal situation ma

16、y have little to do with his actual feelings. a good education and income are usually considered necessary for happiness. though both may contribute, they are only chief factors if the person is seriously undereducated or actually suffering from lack of physical needs. the rich are not likely to be

17、happier than the middle-income group or even those with very low incomes. people with college educations are somewhat happier than those who did not graduate from high school, and it is believed that this is mainly because they have more opportunity to control their lives. yet people with a high inc

18、ome and a college education may be less happy than those with the same income and no college education. poor health does not rule out happiness except for the severely disabled or those in pain. learning to cope with a health problem can contribute to happiness. those with a good sex life are happie

19、r in general, but those who have a loving, affectionate relationship are happier than those who rely on sex alone. love has a higher correlation with happiness than any other factor. it should be noted that people quickly get used to what they have, and they are happiest when they feel they are incr

20、easing their level no matter where it stands at a given time. children whose parents were happily married have happier childhoods are not necessarily happier adults. the best formula for happiness is to be able to develop the ability to tolerate frustration, to have a personal involvement and commit

21、ment, and to develop self-confidence and self-esteem. 1. it can be inferred from the passage that_. a. happiness is predictable b. a person in an apparently ideal situation must be happy c. the rich are likely to be happier than the middle-income group d. happiness is not necessarily connected to on

22、e"s situation in society 2. people with college education_. a. are not happier than those who have only an education at high school b. are much happier than those who did not graduate from high school c. have less opportunity to control their lives d. have more opportunity to control their live

23、s 3. according to the article, happiness is greatly dependent upon_. a. a happy childhood b. great wealth c. a feeling that conditions are becoming for the better d. a college degree 24. which of the following is most likely to contribute to happiness? a. being exceptionally good-looking. b. having

24、a loving, affectionate relationship. c. having a good paying job. d. meeting lots of people. 5. which of the following attitudes or feelings is most likely to be found in happy people? a. having self-esteem. b. being sure of keeping everything they already have. c. never being jealous. d. knowing ho

25、w to be charming. 答案： 1. d 2. d3. c 4. b 5. a （ 三 ） the national trust in britain plays an increasingly important part in the preservation for public enjoyment of the best that is left unspoiled of the british countryside. although the trust has received practicaland moral support from the governmen

26、t, it is not rich government department. it is a charity which dependsfor its existence on voluntary support from members of the public. the attention of the public was first drawn to the dangers threatening the great old houses and castles ofbritain by the death of lord lothian, who left his great

27、seventeenth-century house to the trust together with the 4, 500-acre park and estate surrounding it. this gift attracted wide publicity and started the trust"s quot;country house schemequot;. under this scheme, with the help of the government and the general public, the trust has been able to s

28、ave and open to the public about one hundred and fifty of these old houses. lastyear about one and three quarters of a million people paid to visit these historic houses, usually at a very small charge. in addition to country houses and open spaces the trust now owns some examples of ancient wind an

29、d water mills, nature reserves, five hundred and forty farms and nearly two thousand five hundred cotes or smallvillage houses, as well as some complete villages. in these villages no one is allowed to build, develop or disturb the old village environment in any way and all the houses are maintained in their original sixteenth-century style. over four hundred thousand acres of coastline, woodland, and hill country are protected by the trust and no developme