（整理版高中英語）名詞性從句考點

1、名詞性從句考點一、找出以下句子的成分主、謂、賓、表、定、狀、補1. mouse loves rice.2. god is a girl.3. im miss chen, the head teacher of class one.4(1) his job is important. 4(2) what he does is important.5(1) this is his job. 5(2) this is what he does every day.6(1) i dont like his job. 6(1) i dont like what he does every day.7(1

2、) i dont know the man, mr. white. 7(2) i dont know the fact that he is a teacher.二、名詞從句(noun clauses)在句子中起 名詞 作用的句子，相當(dāng)于 名詞詞組 在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任 主語 、 表語 、 賓語 、 同位語 等根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，可分為 主語從句 (subject clause)、 表語從句 (predicative clause)、 賓語從句 (object clause)和 同位語從句 (appositive clause)三、名詞性從句考點：考點1語序：名詞性從句在句中要用 陳述 語

3、序，即_ + _1) he would be back in an hour. he saidhe said _.2) do they speak english? we want to knowwe want to know _.3) what is her name? he asks mehe asks me _.注意:在think, believe, suppose, expect等動詞之后, 賓語從句中謂語的否認常轉(zhuǎn)移到主句的謂語上如：i dont think he will see you. we dont expect he is coming. i dont believe he

4、 will go. 我相信他不會走?？键c2時態(tài)1. 如果主句是過去 的時態(tài)(包括一般過去時 , 過去進行時 )那么從句的時態(tài)一定要用相對應(yīng)的過去的某種時態(tài) 。合成一個句子：1) when will professor li give us a talk? we wanted to know we wanted to know when professor li would give us a talk .2) jim is a good student. the teacher said the teacher said (that) jim was a good student . 3) h

5、as mr. green been in beijing for five years? he asked he asked if/whether mr. green had been in beijing for five years .2. 主句的動詞用過去時，從句表示客觀事實，格言，諺語等，從句謂語動詞用_our physics teacher once told us that light _ (travel) faster than sound.3. 主句的動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時 ，從句謂語可根據(jù)需要選用各種時態(tài) tom says that mary _ (go) abroad last

6、year and _ (be) there for nearly 5 months.考點3. 主謂一致問題單個的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù) 形式。如果是兩個或兩個以上的主語從句作主語，謂語動詞那么用復(fù)數(shù) 形式。由兩個或多個連接詞引導(dǎo)一個主語從句，謂語動詞用單數(shù) 形式。 1)何時開會還沒有決定。when the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet.2)他們何時出發(fā)和他們?nèi)ツ睦镞€沒有決定。when they will start and where they will go _ (have) not been decided

7、yet.3)何時何地開會還沒有決定。when and where the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet.考點4 名詞性從句連接詞的選用1. 引導(dǎo)詞that 可省略的情況：單個賓語從句中的that可省略不可省略的情況：1. 主語從句 2. 表語從句 3. 同位語從句4. 用it做形式賓語的賓語從句5. 并列的賓語從句中的后幾個從句的引導(dǎo)詞that 不能省略1) i dont think _ she is coming.2) it is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3) the reas

8、on is _ he is careless.4) the news _ our team won the match inspired us.5) i dont think it necessary _ you should read english aloud.6) he told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.2. 主要根據(jù)名詞性從句中的具體意義,正確的選擇who、which、when、where、why、how 等連接詞，這些連接詞既具有疑問含義，又起連接作用，同時在從句中充當(dāng)各種成分。1)我們

9、何時舉行運動會還沒有決定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.2) 我不知道昨天誰打破了玻璃。i dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.3) 我不知道他長的什么樣子。i have no idea _ he looks like.4) 這就是我忘記眼鏡的地方。this is _ i left my glasses.3. that和what的選用: that和what都可引導(dǎo)所有的名詞從句。1) i think that it is unnecessary for me to speak loud

10、er.2) his mother is satisfied with what he has done.3) that he was able to come made us happy.4) this is what makes us interested.5) the reason was that tom had never seen the million-pound note before. 所引導(dǎo)的從句中是否缺主語、表語或賓語漢語意義能否省略what   that   選詞填空：what、 that1) _ he want

11、s is a book.2) _ he wants to go there is obvious.3) the result is _ we won the game.4) this is _ we want to know.5) is _ he told us true?6) we should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7) i have no doubt _ he will come.8) i have no idea _ he did that afternoon.4. if 和whether的選用不能使用if 的情況：1)在主語

12、從句中，只有用it作形式主語時, whether和if都能引導(dǎo)主語從句, 否那么, 也只能用whether。如: whether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. it hasnt been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting.2)表語從句 如：the question is whether the film is worth seeing.同位語從句 如：the news whether our team has won the match is unknown

13、.3)介詞之后的賓語從句。(介詞往往可以省略) 如：it all depends (on) whether they will support us.4)后面直接跟動詞不定式時，即whether to do。如：he doesnt know whether to stay or not.5)后面緊接or not時，即whether or not。如：we didnt know whether or not she was ready.選詞填空：if / whether1) i asked her _ she had a bike.2) _ we will hold a party in the

14、 open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3) were worried about _ he is safe.4) i dont know _ he is well or not.5) i dont know _ or not he is well.6) the question is _ he should do it.7) the doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8) i dont know _ to go.考點5 虛擬語氣 a)主語從句中

15、的虛擬語氣根本句型：it is + 形容詞 、名詞 、過去分詞 + that . + (should) do 形容詞 : important ,necessary, natural, strange 名詞 : a pity, a shame, no wonder過去分詞: suggested, ordered, demanded, insisted1) it is ordered that he _ the examination? a. takes b. has to take c. must take d. take2) it is strange that he _ you this.

16、a. would tell b. should tell c. had told d. has toldb)賓語從句中的虛擬語氣表示建議、要求、命令、堅持等動詞suggest, insist, advise, propose, demand, require, request, order, command后的從句謂語動詞用_we suggested that the meeting _a. should put off b. be put off c. was put off d. putting off注意:suggest 當(dāng)表示“暗示、說明講時，insist 表示“堅持認為之意時，從句按

17、需要來選擇時態(tài)the smile on his face suggested that he _ (was/be/is) satisfied with our work.對現(xiàn)在虛擬時，that從句中謂語用過去時。 如：i wish i _(know) the answer now. 對過去虛擬時，用had過去分詞。 如：i wish he _(pass)  the exam yesterday.將來虛擬時，用would (might等)動詞原形如：i wish

18、60;i _ (fly) to the moon in a few years.c)表語和同位語從句中的虛擬語氣在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即_his suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. a. try b. tries c. must try d. can trythe order given by the commander was

19、 that they _ until the commander allowed they to. a. stopped b. didnt stop c. stop d. not stop考點6 it作形式主語和形式賓語1. 當(dāng)主語從句較長,而謂語較短時,常常將從句_,而用it作為形式主語置于句首。用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關(guān)系：it + be +形容詞+ that-從句it + be +名詞+ that-從句it is necessary that 有必要it is important that 重要的是it is obvious that很明顯it is comm

20、on knowledge that 是常識it is a surprise that 令人驚奇的是it is a fact that 事實是it + be + -ed 分詞+ that-從句it +不及物動詞+ that-分句it is believed that人們相信it is known to all that眾所周知it has been decided that已決定it appears that 似乎it happens that碰巧it occurred to me that 我突然想起1) it is certain that he will come.2) it is sai

21、d that some american friends will visit our school next week.3) it happened that we were out for a walk yesterday evening.2. 在接復(fù)合賓語的句子中, 為了保持句子平衡, 用it作形式賓語, 將從句放于句尾, 常接復(fù)合賓語的動詞有: make, find, see, hear, feel, think.1) i think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.2) i think 

22、;it a pity to waste the food.考點7 同位語從句的引導(dǎo)和區(qū)分1. 同位語從句的格式：n. + 連接詞 + 從句2. 能接同位語從句的名詞有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belief, advice, suggestion等3. 連接詞通常是that,也可根據(jù)含義選用whether, what, when, where 等來引導(dǎo)同位語從句。1) i have no idea _ he comes from.2) he cant answer the questio

23、n _ he got the money.3) he gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4) i have no doubt _ he will win.5) i have some doubt _ he will win.4. 同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別 同位語從句說明的名詞大都是抽象名詞; 定語從句所修飾、限定的名詞或代詞有抽象的也有不抽象的。we express the hope that they will come to visit china again. (_從句)

24、those who want to go please sign their names here. (_從句)判斷以下句子是哪種從句：同位語從句_ 定語從句_1) the news that he told us made us happy.2) the news that we won the game made us happy.3) we will consider the suggestion that we should build a new library.4) we will consider the suggestion that he put forward at the

25、 meeting.5) the news that he told me is that mike would go abroad next year.6) the news that mike would go abroad next year is told by him. 7) she expressed the hope that they would come to visit shanghai again. 8) the hope (that) she expressed is that they would come to visit shanghai again. 同位語從句所

26、說明的名詞與從句沒有邏輯關(guān)系；the news that they won the match is true. (news和從句沒有邏輯關(guān)系)the order when we should go back hasnt reached us. (order和從句沒有邏輯關(guān)系)定語從句所限定的名詞是從句邏輯上的主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等。the news that you told us yesterday is true. (news是told的邏輯賓語)the day when new china was founded will never be forgotten. (day是fo

27、unded邏輯狀語) 引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連詞不可省略; the news that he has been elected monitor of our class is true.引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞作賓語時?？墒÷?。the news (that) he told me is exciting. 同位語從句主要由連接詞that引導(dǎo),有時也可用when,where,who,whether等引導(dǎo); 定語從句由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)。then he raised the question where they were to get the machine needed.do you know t

28、he place where he was born? 同位語從句與先行詞一般可變成一個完整句子, 謂語動詞用be的不同形式。 he heard the news that their team had won. 此句可以變?yōu)橐粋€表語從句: the news was that their team had won.exercise:i. 主語從句1.他上周突然生病使我們驚訝。that he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.2.毫無疑問她考試成績會很好。it is certain that she will do well in her

29、 exam. 3.他是否會來這里還不清楚。whether hell come here is not clear.4.這事怎樣發(fā)生的，誰也不清楚。how this happened is not clear to anyone. 5.他們將什么時候開始還沒決定。when they will start has not been decided yet.6.她干了什么尚不清楚。what she did is not yet known. 7.他所做的任何事情是正確的whatever he did was right. 8.不管誰來都歡送。whoever comes is welcome. 9.你

30、們當(dāng)中不管哪個進來將會得到獎whoever of you comes in will receive a prize.10.你所在的任何地方就是我的家-我唯一的家。wherever you are is my home - my only home. ii. 表語從句1.麻煩是我把他的地址丟了。the trouble is that i have lost his address. 2.問題是他們是否能幫我們。the question is whether they will be able to help us. 3.問題是我們能找到誰去替換她呢。the problem is whom we

31、 can get to replace her.4.問題是他是如何做此事的。the question is how he did it.5.那就是她今晨上了閣樓干的。that was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.6.這是因為他生病了。this was because he was ill.7.他死去的原因是他沒有吃藥。 the reason for his death was that he didnt take medicine.8.他看起來還與十年前一樣。he looked just as he had looked ten years before.9.這都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一樣。all this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday.10.看起來天要下雨了。it looked just as if it was going to rain.iii. 賓語從句he told us that he felt ill.i doubt whether/if he will succeed.3.我真不知道是該哭還是該笑。i don't know whether to cry or to smile.